Classification According to Nice
The Nice Classification in the version of 01/01/2023 (NCL 12-2023) contains the following classes or goods and services.
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Class 1
- Chemical products for industrial, scientific, photographic, agricultural, horticultural and forestry purposes
- Unprocessed artificial resins, unprocessed plastics
- Fire extinguishing and fire prevention compositions
- Preparations for hardening and soldering metals
- Preparations for tanning animal hides
- Adhesives for industrial purposes
- Putties and other filling materials
- Compost, fertilizers, manures
- Biological preparations for industrial and scientific purposes
Class 1 – Explanatory Note
Class 1 mainly includes chemical products for industrial, scientific and agricultural purposes, including those used in the manufacture of products that fall into other classes.
This class includes, in particular:
- photosensitive paper;
- tire repair compounds;
- salt for preserving, other than for foodstuffs;
- certain additives for the food industry, e.g. pectin, lecithin, enzymes and chemical preservatives;
- certain ingredients for the manufacture of cosmetics and pharmaceutical products, e.g. vitamins, preservatives and antioxidants;
- certain filtering materials, e.g. particulate mineral, vegetable and ceramic substances.
This class does not include, in particular:
- raw natural resins (Cl. 2), partially processed resins (Cl. 17);
- chemical preparations for medical or veterinary purposes (Cl. 5);
- fungicides, herbicides and preparations for destroying vermin (Cl. 5);
- adhesives for stationery or household purposes (Cl. 16);
- salt for preserving foodstuffs (Cl. 30);
- mulch (Cl. 31).
Class 2
- Paints, varnishes, lacquers
- Rust preventatives, wood preservatives
- Colorants, dyes
- Inks for printing, marking and engraving
- Raw natural resins
- Leaf metals and metals in powder form for painters, decorators, printers and artists
Class 2 – Explanatory Note
Class 2 mainly includes paints, colorants and corrosion protection preparations.
This class includes, in particular:
- paints, varnishes and lacquers for industry, handicrafts and arts;
- thinners, thickeners, fixatives, siccatives for paints, varnishes and lacquers;
- stains for wood and leather;
- anti-rust oils and oils for the preservation of wood;
- dyes for clothing;
- colorants for food and beverages.
This class does not include, in particular:
- raw artificial resins (Cl. 1), partially processed resins (Cl. 17);
- mordants for metals (Cl. 1);
- laundry blueing (Cl. 3);
- cosmetic dyes (Cl. 3);
- paint boxes (articles for use in school) (Cl. 16);
- inks for office use (Cl. 16);
- insulating paints and varnishes (Cl. 17).
Class 3
- Non-medicated cosmetics and toiletries
- Non-medicated dentifrices
- Perfumery, essential oils
- Laundry and bleaching preparations
- Abrasives, polishing, degreasing and grinding preparations
Class 3 – Explanatory Note
Class 3 mainly includes non-medicated toiletries and cleaning preparations for household and other uses.
This class includes, in particular:
- hygiene preparations being toiletries;
- tissues impregnated with cosmetic lotions;
- deodorants for human beings or for animals (perfumery);
- air fragrancing preparations;
- nail art stickers;
- polishing wax;
- sandpaper.
This class does not include, in particular:
- certain ingredients for the manufacture of cosmetics, e.g. vitamins, preservatives and antioxidants (Cl. 1);
- degreasing preparations for use in manufacturing processes (Cl. 1);
- chemical chimney cleaners (Cl. 1);
- deodorants, other than for human beings or for animals (Cl. 5);
- medicated shampoos, soaps, lotions and dentifrices (Cl. 5);
- emery boards, sandpaper files, hand-operated grindstones or grinding wheels (Cl. 8);
- cosmetic and cleaning devices, e.g. cosmetic brushes (Cl. 21), cloths, pads and rags for cleaning (Cl. 21).
Class 4
- Industrial oils and greases, wax
- Lubricants
- Dust absorbing, dust wetting and dust binding compositions
- Fuels and illuminants
- Candles and wicks for lighting
Class 4 – Explanatory Note
Class 4 mainly includes industrial oils and greases, fuels and illuminants.
This class includes, in particular:
- oils for the preservation of masonry or leather;
- raw wax, wax for industrial purposes;
- electrical energy;
- fuels for engines, biofuels;
- non-chemical additives for fuels;
- wood as fuel.
This class does not include, in particular:
- certain special industrial oils and greases, e.g. oils for tanning leather (Cl. 1), oils for wood preservation, anti-rust oils and greases (Cl. 2), essential oils (Cl. 3);
- massage candles for cosmetic purposes (Cl. 3) and medicated massage candles (Cl. 5);
- certain special waxes, e.g. grafting wax (Cl. 1), tailors’ wax, polishing wax, depilatory wax (Cl. 3), modelling wax for dentists (Cl. 5), sealing wax (Cl. 16);
- wicks for oil stoves (Cl. 11) and wicks for lighters (Cl. 34).
Class 5
- Pharmaceuticals, medical and veterinary preparations
- Hygiene preparations for medical purposes
- Dietetic food and substances adapted for medical or veterinary use, baby food
- Food supplements for human beings and animals
- Plasters, materials for dressings
- Dental fillings and impression materials
- Disinfectants
- Preparations for destroying vermin
- Fungicides, herbicides
Class 5 – Explanatory Note
Class 5 mainly includes pharmaceuticals and other preparations for medical or veterinary purposes.
This class includes, in particular:
- hygiene preparations for personal use, other than toiletries;
- babies’ and incontinence diapers;
- deodorants, other than for human beings or for animals;
- medicated shampoos, soaps, lotions and dentifrices;
- dietary supplements intended to supplement a normal diet or to have health benefits;
- meal replacements and dietetic food and beverages adapted for medical or veterinary use.
This class does not include, in particular:
- ingredients for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, e.g. vitamins, preservatives and antioxidants (Cl. 1);
- hygiene preparations being non-medicated toiletries (Cl. 3);
- deodorants for human beings or for animals (perfumery) (Cl. 3);
- orthopedic bandages (Cl. 10);
- meal replacements and dietetic food and beverages not adapted for medical or veterinary purposes should be classified in the appropriate food or beverage classes, e.g. low-fat potato crisps (Cl. 29), high-protein cereal bars (Cl. 30), isotonic beverages (Cl. 32).
Class 6
- Unwrought and semi-wrought common metals and their alloys, ores
- Metal materials for building and construction
- Transportable buildings of metal
- Non-electric cables and wires of common metal
- Small items of metal hardware
- Metal containers for storage or transport
- Safes
Class 6 – Explanatory Note
Class 6 mainly includes unwrought and semi-wrought common metals, including ores, as well as certain goods made of common metals.
This class includes, in particular:
- metal foil or powder for further processing, e.g. for 3D printers;
- building materials of metal, e.g. metal railway materials, metal pipes and tubes;
- small items of metal hardware, e.g. bolts, screws, nails, furniture castors, window bolts;
- transportable buildings of metal, e.g. prefabricated houses, swimming pools, cages for wild animals, ice-skating rinks;
- certain goods made of common metals not otherwise classified according to their function or purpose, e.g. multi-purpose containers of common metal, statues, busts and works of art of common metal.
This class does not include, in particular:
- metals and ores that are used as chemicals in industry or scientific research due to their chemical properties, e.g. bauxite, mercury, antimony, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals (Cl. 1);
- metal foil and powder for painters, decorators, printers and artists (Cl. 2);
- electric cables (Cl. 9), as well as non-electric cables and ropes, not of metal (Cl. 22);
- pipes being parts of sanitary installations (Cl. 11), flexible pipes, tubes and hoses, not of metal (Cl. 17) and rigid pipes, not of metal (Cl. 19);
- cages for household pets (Cl. 21);
- certain goods made of common metals classified according to their function or purpose, e.g. hand tools, hand-operated (Cl. 8), paper clips (Cl. 16), furniture (Cl. 20), cookware (Cl. 21), household containers (Cl. 21).
Class 7
- Machines, machine tools and power-operated tools
- Motors and engines, except for land vehicles
- Machine coupling and transmission components, except for land vehicles
- Agricultural implements, other than hand-operated hand tools
- Incubators for eggs
- Vending machines
Class 7 – Explanatory Note
Class 7 mainly includes machines and machine tools, motors and engines.
This class includes, in particular:
- parts of motors and engines of all kinds, e.g. starters, silencers and cylinders for motors and engines of all kinds;
- electric cleaning and polishing apparatus, e.g. electric shoe polishers, electric machines and apparatus for shampooing carpets and rugs, vacuum cleaners;
- 3D printers;
- industrial robots;
- certain special vehicles not for transportation purposes, e.g. street cleaning machines, road building machines, bulldozers, snow ploughs, as well as rubber tracks being parts of caterpillar tracks of these vehicles.
This class does not include, in particular:
- hand tools and implements, hand-operated (Cl. 8);
- humanoid robots with artificial intelligence, laboratory robots, educational robots, robots for security surveillance (Cl. 9), surgical robots (Cl. 10), robot cars (Cl. 12), self-playing musical instruments (Cl. 15), toy robots (Cl. 28);
- motors and engines for land vehicles (Cl. 12);
- caterpillar tracks for vehicles and tractors (Cl. 12);
- certain special machines, e.g. automatic teller machines (Cl. 9), breathing apparatus for artificial respiration (Cl. 10), refrigerating apparatus and machines (Cl. 11).
Class 8
- Hand tools and implements, hand-operated
- Cutlery, tableware [knives, forks and spoons]
- Edged and blunt weapons
- Razors and shaving apparatus
Class 8 – Explanatory Note
Class 8 mainly includes hand-operated tools and implements for performing various tasks, such as drilling, shaping, cutting and piercing.
This class includes, in particular:
- hand tools for agriculture, horticulture and landscaping;
- hand tools for carpenters, artists and other craftsmen, e.g. hammers, chisels and gravers;
- handles for hand-operated tools, such as knives and scythes;
- electric and non-electric hand implements for personal care and body art, e.g. shavers and hair clippers, curling irons, tattooing machines, and implements for manicure and pedicure;
- hand-operated pumps;
- tableware, such as knives, forks and spoons, including those made of precious metals.
This class does not include, in particular:
- machine tools and implements driven by a motor (Cl. 7);
- surgical knives (Cl. 10);
- bicycle pumps (Cl. 12), pumps for inflating sports balls (Cl. 28);
- firearms (Cl. 13);
- paper knives and paper shredders [office requisites] (Cl. 16);
- handles for items classified in various classes according to their function or purpose, e.g. handles for walking sticks and umbrellas (Cl. 18), broom handles (Cl. 21);
- kitchen utensils for serving, e.g. sugar tongs, ice tongs, pie servers and serving ladles, and kitchen utensils, e.g. stirring spoons, pestles and mortars, nutcrackers and spatulas (Cl. 21);
- fencing weapons (Cl. 28).
Class 9
- Scientific, research, navigation, surveying, photographic, cinematographic, audiovisual, optical, weighing, measuring, signalling, detecting, testing, inspecting, life-saving and teaching apparatus and instruments
- Apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching, transforming, accumulating, regulating or controlling the distribution or use of electricity
- Apparatus and instruments for recording, transmitting, reproducing or processing sound, images or data
- Recorded and downloadable media, computer software, blank digital or analogue recording and storage media
- Mechanisms for coin-operated apparatus
- Cash registers, calculating devices
- Computers and computer peripheral devices
- Diving suits, divers’ masks, ear plugs for divers, nose clips for divers and swimmers, gloves for divers, breathing apparatus for underwater swimming
- Fire-extinguishing apparatus
Class 9 – Explanatory Note
Class 9 mainly includes apparatus and instruments for scientific or research purposes, audiovisual and information technology equipment, as well as safety and rescue equipment.
This class includes, in particular:
- apparatus and instruments for scientific research in laboratories;
- training apparatus and simulators, e.g. resuscitation mannequins, simulators for the steering and control of vehicles;
- apparatus and instruments for controlling and monitoring aircraft, watercraft and unmanned vehicles, e.g. navigation instruments, transmitters, direction finders, GPS apparatus, automatic steering apparatus for vehicles;
- safety and security apparatus and instruments, e.g. safety nets, signalling lights, traffic lights, fire engines, sound alarms, security tokens being encryption devices;
- clothing for protection against serious or life-threatening injuries, e.g. accident, radiation and fire protection clothing, bullet-proof clothing, protective helmets, head guards for sports, mouth guards for sports, aviators’ suits, knee pads for workers;
- optical apparatus and instruments, e.g. spectacles, contact lenses, magnifying glasses, inspection mirrors for work, spyglasses for doors;
- magnets;
- smartwatches, wearable activity trackers;
- joysticks for computers, other than for video games; virtual reality headsets, smartglasses;
- spectacle cases, sleeves for smartphones, special cases for photographic apparatus and instruments;
- automatic teller machines, invoicing machines, instruments and machines for testing materials;
- batteries and chargers for electronic cigarettes;
- electric and electronic effects units for musical instruments;
- laboratory robots, educational robots, robots for security surveillance, humanoid robots with artificial intelligence.
This class does not include, in particular:
- joysticks being parts of machines, other than for games (Cl. 7), control levers for vehicles (Cl. 12), joysticks for video games, controllers for toys and games consoles (Cl. 28);
- coin-operated apparatus classified in various classes according to their function or purpose, e.g. coin-operated washing machines (Cl. 7), coin-operated billiard tables (Cl. 28);
- industrial robots (Cl. 7), surgical robots (Cl. 10), toy robots (Cl. 28);
- pulse meters, heart rate monitors, body composition analyzers (Cl. 10);
- laboratory lamps, laboratory burners (Cl. 11);
- diving lights (Cl. 11);
- fog signals, signal rockets (Cl. 13);
- histological sections for teaching purposes, biological sections for microscopy as teaching material (Cl. 16);
- clothing and equipment for the practice of certain sports, e.g. padding, being parts of sports suits, fencing masks, boxing gloves (Cl. 28).
Class 10
- Surgical, medical, dental and veterinary instruments and apparatus
- Artificial limbs, eyes and teeth
- Orthopedic articles
- Surgical suture materials
- Therapeutic and assistive devices adapted for persons with disabilities
- Massage apparatus
- Apparatus, devices and articles for infants
- Apparatus, devices and articles for sexual activity
Class 10 – explanatory note
Class 10 mainly includes surgical, medical, dental and veterinary apparatus, instruments and articles generally used for the diagnosis, treatment or improvement of the physical functions or health status of humans and animals.
This class includes, in particular:
- orthopedic bandages and special clothing for medical purposes, e.g. compression garments, varicose veins stockings, straitjackets, orthopedic shoes;
- articles, instruments and aids for menstruation, contraception and childbirth; e.g. menstrual cups, pessaries, condoms, mattresses for deliveries, obstetrical forceps;
- therapeutic and prosthetic articles and aids for implants made of artificial or synthetic materials, e.g. surgical implants made of artificial materials, breast prostheses, brain pacemakers, biodegradable implants for bone fixation;
- furniture specially made for medical purposes, e.g. armchairs for medical or dental purposes, air mattresses for medical purposes, operating tables.
This class does not include, in particular:
- medical dressings and absorbent sanitary articles, e.g. plasters, bandages, gauze, nursing pads, baby and incontinence diapers, tampons (Cl. 5);
- surgical implants made of living tissues (Cl. 5);
- tobacco-free cigarettes for medical purposes (Cl. 5) and electronic cigarettes (Cl. 34);
- wheelchairs and electric vehicles for persons with reduced mobility (Cl. 12);
- massage tables and hospital beds (Cl. 20).
Class 11
- Apparatus and installations for lighting, heating, cooling, steam generation, cooking, drying, ventilation and water supply, as well as for sanitary purposes
Class 11 – explanatory note
Class 11 mainly includes apparatus and installations for regulating environmental conditions, in particular for lighting, cooking, cooling and hygiene purposes.
This class includes, in particular:
- air conditioners and systems;
- ovens, except for laboratory purposes, e.g. dental ovens, microwave ovens, bakery ovens;
- ovens, as far as they are heating appliances;
- thermal solar collectors;
- smoke flues for chimneys, chimney dampers, stoves, fireplaces for living rooms;
- sterilizers, incinerators;
- lighting apparatus and installations, e.g. fluorescent tubes for lighting purposes, searchlights, safety lights, illuminated house numbers, vehicle reflectors, lights for vehicles;
- lighting lamps, e.g. electric lamps, gas lamps, laboratory lamps, oil lamps, street lamps, safety lamps;
- tanning equipment, as far as they are sunbeds;
- bath installations, bathing apparatus;
- toilets, urinals;
- fountains, chocolate fountains;
- electric heating mats, cushions and blankets, not for medical purposes;
- hot water bottles;
- electrically heated garments;
- electric yogurt makers, bread makers, coffee machines, ice cream machines
- ice cube machines and apparatus.
This class does not include, in particular:
- steam generators, as far as they are machine parts (Cl. 7);
- air condensers (Cl. 7);
- power generators, electric generators (Cl. 7);
- soldering lamps (Cl. 7), optical lamps, darkroom lamps (Cl. 9), lamps for medical purposes (Cl. 10);
- kilns for laboratory purposes (Cl. 9);
- photocells (Cl. 9);
- light signals (Cl. 9);
- electric heating mats, cushions and blankets for medical purposes (Cl. 10);
- portable baby bathtubs (Cl. 21);
- non-electric portable cool bags or boxes (Cl. 21);
- cooking utensils without integrated heat source, e.g. non-electric grill grates, non-electric waffle irons, non-electric pressure cookers (Cl. 21);
- non-electrically heated footmuffs (Cl. 25).
Class 12
- Vehicles
- Apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water
Class 12 – explanatory note
Class 12 mainly includes vehicles and apparatus for the transport of people or goods by land, air or water.
This class includes, in particular:
- motors and engines for land vehicles;
- couplings and transmission components for land vehicles;
- hovercraft;
- remote-controlled vehicles, except toys;
- vehicle parts, e.g. bumpers, windshields, steering wheels, tires for vehicle wheels, and caterpillar tracks for vehicles.
This class does not include, in particular:
- railway construction material made of metal (Cl. 6);
- motors, engines, couplings and transmission components, except those for land vehicles (Cl. 7);
- parts of motors and engines of all kinds, e.g. starters, mufflers and cylinders for motors and engines of all kinds (Cl. 7);
- rubber caterpillar tracks as parts of caterpillar track systems of construction machines, mining machines, agricultural machines and other machines for heavy-duty applications (Cl. 7);
- tricycles for small children and scooters, which are toys (Cl. 28);
- certain special vehicles or apparatus with wheels, not for transport purposes, e.g. self-propelled street cleaning machines (Cl. 7), fire engines (Cl. 9), serving trolleys (Cl. 20);
- certain vehicle parts, e.g. electric batteries, tachographs and car radios (Cl. 9), lights for motor vehicles and bicycles (Cl. 11), car carpets (Cl. 27).
Class 13
- Firearms
- Ammunition and projectiles
- Explosives
- Fireworks
Class 13 – explanatory note
Class 13 mainly includes firearms and pyrotechnic products.
This class includes, in particular:
- explosive or pyrotechnic distress signals;
- signal pistols;
- self-defense sprays;
- smoke ignition signals, signal rockets;
- air pistols, as far as they are weapons;
- shoulder straps for weapons;
- firearms for sports and hunting.
This class does not include, in particular:
- gun grease (Cl. 4);
- knives, as far as they are weapons (Cl. 8);
- side arms (Cl. 8);
- smoke signals without igniters, laser distress signal transmitters (Cl. 9);
- telescopic sights for firearms (Cl. 9);
- torches (Cl. 11);
- Christmas crackers (Cl. 28);
- percussion caps, as far as they are toys (Cl. 28);
- toy air pistols (Cl. 28);
- matches (Cl. 34).
Class 14
- Precious metals and their alloys
- Jewellery, precious stones and semi-precious stones
- Clocks and watches
Class 14 – explanatory note
Class 14 mainly includes precious metals and certain articles made thereof or coated therewith, as well as jewellery, watches and their components.
This class includes, in particular:
- jewellery, including imitation jewellery, e.g. paste jewellery;
- cufflinks, tie pins, tie clips;
- key rings, key chains and charms therefor;
- jewelry pendants;
- jewellery boxes;
- components of jewellery and watches, e.g. clasps and artificial pearls for jewellery, movements for clocks and watches, watch hands, watch springs, watch crystals.
This class does not include, in particular:
- smartwatches (Cl. 9);
- pendants, except for jewellery, key rings or key chains (Cl. 26);
- works of art, not of precious metal or coated therewith, which are classified according to the material of which they consist, e.g. works of art of common metal (Cl. 6), of stone, concrete or marble (Cl. 19), of wood, wax, plaster or plastic (Cl. 20) or of porcelain, ceramic, earthenware, terracotta or glass (Cl. 21);
- certain products made of precious metals, which are classified according to their function or purpose, e.g. leaf metal or metal in powder form for painting, decorating, printing and artistic purposes (Cl. 2); gold amalgams for dental purposes (Cl. 5); cutlery, forks and spoons (Cl. 8); electric contacts (Cl. 9); gold nibs (Cl. 16); teapots (Cl. 21); gold and silver embroidery (Cl. 26); cigar cases, boxes, humidors (Cl. 34).
Class 15
- Musical instruments
- Music stands and stands for musical instruments
- Batons
Class 15 – explanatory note
Class 15 mainly includes musical instruments, their parts and accessories.
This class includes, in particular:
- mechanical musical instruments and their accessories, e.g. barrel organs, mechanical pianos, volume controls for mechanical pianos, self-playing drums;
- music boxes;
- electric and electronic musical instruments;
- strings, reeds, pegs and pedals for musical instruments;
- tuning forks, tuning hammers;
- rosin for stringed instruments.
This class does not include, in particular:
- apparatus for recording, transmission, amplification and reproduction of sound, e.g. electric and electronic effects units for musical instruments, wah-wah pedals, audio interfaces, audio mixers, equalizers, as far as they are audio devices, subwoofers (Cl. 9);
- downloadable music files (Cl. 9);
- downloadable electronic sheet music (Cl. 9), printed sheet music (Cl. 16);
- jukeboxes (Cl. 9);
- metronomes (Cl. 9);
- musical greeting cards (Cl. 16).
Class 16
- Paper and cardboard
- Printed matter
- Bookbinding material
- Photographs
- Stationery and office requisites, except furniture
- Adhesives for stationery or household purposes
- Drawing materials and artists’ materials
- Paintbrushes
- Teaching and instructional material
- Plastic films and bags for wrapping and packaging
- Printing type, printing blocks
Class 16 – Explanatory Note
Class 16 mainly includes paper, cardboard and certain goods made of these materials, as well as office requisites.
This class includes, in particular:
- paper knives and paper cutters;
- folders, covers and articles for holding and storing paper, e.g. file folders, money clips, checkbook covers, paper clips, passport covers, albums;
- certain office machines, e.g. typewriters, duplicating machines, franking machines for office use, pencil sharpeners;
- painting articles for artists and for interior and exterior painting work, e.g. paint boxes for artists, easels and palettes for painters, paint rollers and paint trays;
- certain disposable paper products, e.g. bibs, handkerchiefs and table linen of paper;
- certain paper or cardboard goods, which are not otherwise classified according to their function or purpose, e.g. paper bags, envelopes and packaging containers, statues, figurines and works of art of paper or cardboard, such as papier-mâché figures, framed or unframed lithographs, paintings and watercolors.
This class does not include, in particular:
- paints (Cl. 2);
- hand tools for artists, e.g. spatulas, sculpting chisels (Cl. 8);
- teaching apparatus, e.g. audiovisual teaching and instruction apparatus, resuscitation training mannequins (Cl. 9) and toy models (Cl. 28);
- certain paper or cardboard goods, which are classified according to their function or purpose, e.g. photographic papers (Cl. 1), sandpaper (Cl. 3), paper blinds (Cl. 20), paper cups and paper plates (Cl. 21), bed linen of paper (Cl. 24), garments of paper (Cl. 25), cigarette paper (Cl. 34).
Class 17
- Rubber, gutta-percha, gum, asbestos, mica and substitutes for all these materials, in raw or semi-worked condition
- Plastics and resins in extruded form for use in manufacture
- Packing, stopping and insulating materials
- Flexible pipes, tubes and hoses, not of metal
Class 17 – explanatory note
Class 17 mainly includes material for insulating electricity, heat or sound and plastics for use in manufacture in the form of films, sheets or rods, as well as certain goods made of rubber, gutta-percha, gum, asbestos, mica and substitutes for all these materials.
This class includes, in particular:
- rubber for retreading tires;
- floating barriers against pollution;
- adhesive tapes, except stationery and not for medical or household purposes;
- plastic films, except for wrapping and packaging, e.g. tinted anti-glare films for windows;
- elastic threads and threads of rubber or plastic, not for textile use;
- certain goods made of the materials listed in this class, which are not otherwise classified according to their function or purpose, e.g. floral foam, padding and stuffing materials of rubber or plastic, rubber stoppers, shock-absorbing rubber buffers, packaging bags, envelopes or pouches of rubber.
This class does not include, in particular:
- fire hoses (Cl. 9);
- pipes as parts of sanitary facilities (Cl. 11) and pipes of metal (Cl. 6) and not of metal (Cl. 19);
- insulating glass for building purposes (Cl. 19);
- certain goods made of the materials listed in this class, which are classified according to their function or purpose, e.g. rosin (Cl. 2), rubber for dental purposes (Cl. 5), asbestos safety curtains for firefighters (Cl. 9), self-adhesive patches for repairing inner tubes (Cl. 12), erasers (Cl. 16).
Class 18
- Leather and imitations of leather
- Animal skins and hides
- Luggage and carrying bags
- Umbrellas and parasols
- Walking sticks
- Whips, harness and saddlery
- Collars, leashes and clothing for animals
Class 18 – explanatory note
Class 18 mainly includes leather, imitations of leather and certain goods made of these materials.
This class includes, in particular:
- luggage and carrying bags, e.g. suitcases, trunks, traveling bags, baby carriers, school bags;
- luggage tags;
- business card cases and wallets;
- boxes and cases of leather or leatherboard.
This class does not include, in particular:
- walking sticks for medical purposes (Cl. 10);
- clothing, footwear, headgear of leather for people (Cl. 25);
- bags and cases adapted to the products they are intended to contain, e.g. laptop bags (Cl. 9), cases for cameras and photographic equipment (Cl. 9), cases for musical instruments (Cl. 15), golf bags, with or without wheels, specially adapted bags for skis and surfboards (Cl. 28);
- certain goods made of leather, imitations of leather, animal skins and hides, which are classified according to their function or purpose, e.g. leather strops (Cl. 8), polishing leather (Cl. 21), chamois leather for cleaning purposes (Cl. 21), leather belts for clothing (Cl. 25).
Class 19
- Materials, not of metal, for building
- Rigid pipes, not of metal, for building
- Asphalt, pitch, tar and bitumen
- Transportable buildings, not of metal
- Monuments, not of metal
Class 19 – explanatory note
Class 19 mainly includes non-metallic materials for building.
This class includes, in particular:
- semi-worked wood for building, e.g. beams, boards, panels;
- wood veneers;
- building glass, e.g. glass tiles, insulating glass for building, safety glass;
- glass granules for road marking;
- granite, marble, gravel;
- terracotta for use as a building material;
- roofs, not of metal, with integrated photovoltaic cells;
- gravestones and graves, not of metal;
- statues, busts and works of art of stone, concrete or marble;
- mailboxes made of masonry;
- geotextiles;
- plastering agents, as far as they are building materials;
- scaffolding, not of metal;
- transportable buildings or structures, not of metal, e.g. aquariums, birdhouses, flagpoles, awning structures, swimming pools.
This class does not include, in particular:
- agents for preserving or waterproofing cement (Cl. 1);
- fire protection agents (Cl. 1);
- wood preservatives (Cl. 2);
- demoulding oils (Cl. 4);
- mailboxes of metal (Cl. 6) and neither of metal nor of masonry (Cl. 20);
- statues, busts and works of art of common metals (Cl. 6), of precious metal (Cl. 14), of wood, wax, plaster or plastic (Cl. 20), of porcelain, ceramic, earthenware, terracotta or glass (Cl. 21);
- certain pipes, not of metal, not for building purposes, e.g. pipes, as far as they are parts of sanitary facilities (Cl. 11), flexible pipes, tubes and hoses, not of metal (Cl. 17);
- moisture insulators for buildings (Cl. 17);
- glass for motor vehicle windows (semi-finished products) (Cl. 21);
- birdcages (Cl. 21);
- mats, linoleum and other coverings for existing floors (Cl. 27);
- untrimmed and unbarked wood (Cl. 31).
Class 20
- Furniture, mirrors, picture frames
- Containers, not of metal, for storage or transport
- Bone, horn, whalebone or mother-of-pearl, raw or partly worked
- Shells
- Meerschaum
- Amber
Class 20 – explanatory note
Class 20 mainly includes furniture and parts thereof, as well as certain goods made of wood, cork, reed, cane, wicker, horn, bone, ivory, whalebone, shell, amber, mother-of-pearl, meerschaum and substitutes for all these materials, or of plastics.
This class includes, in particular:
- metal furniture, camping furniture, gun racks, newspaper racks;
- indoor blinds and shades for windows;
- bedding, e.g. mattresses, bed frames, pillows;
- Mirrors for interior decoration, furniture and toilet mirrors;
- Vehicle registration plates, not of metal;
- Small items, not of metal, e.g., bolts, screws, dowels, furniture castors, pipe clamps;
- Mailboxes, not of metal or masonry.
This class does not include, in particular:
- Special furniture for laboratories (Cl. 9) or for medical use (Cl. 10);
- External roller blinds and Venetian blinds of metal (Cl. 6), not of metal and not of textile materials (Cl. 19), of textile materials (Cl. 22);
- Bed linen, down quilts (feather beds) and sleeping bags (Cl. 24);
- Certain mirrors for specific purposes, e.g., mirrors for optical goods (Cl. 9), mirrors for surgical or dental purposes (Cl. 10), rearview mirrors (Cl. 12), aiming mirrors for rifles (Cl. 13);
- Certain goods of wood, cork, reed, rush, wicker, horn, bone, ivory, whalebone, tortoiseshell, amber, mother-of-pearl, meerschaum and substitutes therefor or of plastics, which are classified according to their function or purpose, e.g., artificial pearls for making jewellery (Cl. 14), wooden floorboards (Cl. 19), baskets for household use (Cl. 21), plastic cups (Cl. 21), reed mats (Cl. 27).
Class 21
- Utensils and containers for household and kitchen use
- Cookware and tableware, except knives, forks and spoons
- Combs and sponges
- Brushes and paintbrushes, except for painting purposes
- Brush-making materials
- Cleaning articles
- Raw or semi-worked glass, except building glass
- Glassware, porcelain and earthenware
Class 21 – explanatory note
Class 21 mainly includes small, hand-operated household and kitchen utensils, as well as cosmetic utensils and articles for body and beauty care, glassware and certain goods of porcelain, ceramic, earthenware, terracotta or glass.
This class includes, in particular:
- Utensils for household, kitchen and cooking purposes, e.g., fly swatters, clothes pegs, stirring spoons, ladles and corkscrews, as well as kitchen utensils for serving, e.g., sugar tongs, ice tongs, cake servers and serving ladles;
- Containers for household and kitchen use, e.g., vases, bottles, piggy banks, buckets, cocktail shakers, cooking pots and pans and non-electric kettles and pressure cookers;
- Hand-operated small kitchen utensils for chopping, grinding, pressing or crushing, e.g., garlic presses, nutcrackers, pestles and mortars;
- Coasters for bowls and carafes;
- Cosmetic utensils and articles for body and beauty care, e.g., electric and non-electric combs and toothbrushes, dental floss, foam toe separators for pedicures, powder puffs, toilet cases;
- Gardening articles, e.g., gardening gloves, flower boxes, watering cans and spray nozzles for watering hoses;
- Indoor aquariums, indoor terrariums and vivariums.
This class does not include, in particular:
- Cleaning preparations (Cl. 3);
- Containers of metal (Cl. 6) and not of metal (Cl. 20) for the storage and transport of goods;
- Electrically-powered small utensils for chopping, grinding, pressing or crushing (Cl. 7);
- Razors and shaving apparatus, hair and nail clippers, electric and non-electric instruments for hand and foot care, e.g., manicure sets, nail files, cuticle nippers (Cl. 8);
- Cutlery (Cl. 8) and hand-operated cutting tools for the kitchen, e.g., vegetable graters, pizza cutters, cheese slicers (Cl. 8);
- Lice combs, tongue cleaning devices (Cl. 10);
- Electric cooking apparatus and utensils (Cl. 11);
- Toilet mirrors (Cl. 20);
- Certain goods of glass, porcelain and earthenware, which are classified according to their function or purpose, e.g., porcelain for dental prostheses (Cl. 5), spectacle lenses (Cl. 9), glass wool for insulation (Cl. 17), earthenware tiles (Cl. 19), building glass (Cl. 19), glass fibres for textile use (Cl. 22).
Class 22
- Ropes and string
- Nets
- Tents and tarpaulins
- Awnings of textile materials or plastics
- Sails
- Sacks for the transport and storage of bulk materials
- Stuffing and padding materials, except of paper, cardboard, rubber or plastics
- Raw fibrous textile materials and substitutes therefor
Class 22 – explanatory note
Class 22 mainly includes canvas and other materials for making sails, ropes, padding and stuffing materials and raw fibrous textile materials.
This class includes, in particular:
- Ropes and string of natural and artificial textile fibres, of paper or of plastics;
- Fishing nets, hammocks, rope ladders;
- Vehicle tarpaulins, not fitted;
- Certain sacks and bags, not otherwise classified according to their function or purpose, e.g., mesh bags for washing laundry, body bags, mail bags;
- Packaging bags, pouches, envelopes of textile material;
- Animal fibres and raw fibrous textile materials, e.g., animal hair, cocoons, jute, raw or processed wool, raw silk.
This class does not include, in particular:
- Wire ropes (Cl. 6);
- Strings for musical instruments (Cl. 15) and for sports rackets (Cl. 28);
- Padding and stuffing materials of paper or cardboard (Cl. 16), rubber or plastics (Cl. 17);
- Certain nets and bags, which are classified according to their function or purpose, e.g., safety nets (Cl. 9), luggage nets for vehicles (Cl. 12), garment bags for travel (Cl. 18), hairnets (Cl. 26), golf bags (Cl. 28), nets [sports articles] (Cl. 28);
- Packaging bags, pouches, envelopes, not of textile material, which are classified according to the material of which they are made, e.g., packaging bags, pouches, envelopes of paper or cardboard (Cl. 16), of rubber (Cl. 17), of leather (Cl. 18).
Class 23
- Yarns and threads for textile use
Class 23 – explanatory note
Class 23 mainly includes natural or synthetic yarns and threads for textile use.
This class includes, in particular:
- Elastic glass fibres, rubber and plastic threads for textile use;
- Embroidery yarns, darning yarns and sewing threads, including those of metal;
- Spun silk, spun cotton, spun wool.
This class does not include, in particular:
- Certain threads for specific purposes, e.g., cable identification threads for electric lines (Cl. 9), surgical threads (Cl. 10), precious metal wire, as far as it is jewellery (Cl. 14);
- Threads for non-textile purposes, which are classified according to the material of which they are made, e.g., binding threads of metal (Cl. 6) and not of metal (Cl. 22), elastic threads, rubber or plastic threads (Cl. 17), glass fibre threads (Cl. 21).
Class 24
- Woven fabrics and substitutes therefor
- Household linen
- Curtains and drapes of textile or plastic materials
Class 24 – explanatory note
Class 24 mainly includes fabrics, blankets and covers for household use.
This class includes, in particular:
- Household linen, e.g., quilts, bedspreads, pillowcases, textile towels;
- Bed linen of paper;
- Sleeping bags, sleeping bag liners;
- Mosquito nets.
This class does not include, in particular:
- Electric blankets for medical purposes (Cl. 10) and not for medical purposes (Cl. 11);
- Table linen of paper (Cl. 16);
- Asbestos safety curtains (Cl. 17), bamboo curtains (Cl. 20) and bead curtains for decorative purposes (Cl. 20);
- Horse blankets (Cl. 18);
- Certain woven fabrics and fabrics for specific purposes, e.g., bookbinding fabrics (Cl. 16), insulating fabrics (Cl. 17), geotextiles (Cl. 19).
Class 25
- Clothing, footwear, headgear
Class 25 – explanatory note
Class 25 mainly includes clothing, footwear and headgear for human beings.
This class includes, in particular:
- Parts of clothing, footwear and headgear, e.g., cuffs, garment pockets, ready-made clothing linings, heels and heelpieces for shoes, cap peaks, hat frames;
- Sports clothing and footwear, e.g., ski gloves, sports undershirts, cycling clothing, judo and karate uniforms, football boots, gymnastic shoes, ski boots;
- Carnival costumes;
- Clothing of paper, paper hats for clothing purposes;
- Bibs, not of paper;
- Pocket squares;
- Non-electrically heated footmuffs.
This class does not include, in particular:
- Small parts for shoemaking purposes, e.g., shoe nails and heel protectors of metal (Cl. 6) and not of metal (Cl. 20) as well as haberdashery as accessories and fasteners and clasps for clothing, footwear and headgear, e.g., buckles, clasps, zippers, ribbons, hat bands, trimmings for hats and shoes (Cl. 26);
- Certain special clothing, special footwear and special headgear, e.g., protective helmets, including protective helmets for sports (Cl. 9), fire-resistant clothing (Cl. 9), surgical gowns (Cl. 10), orthopaedic shoes (Cl. 10), as well as clothing and footwear essential for the practice of a specific sport, e.g., baseball gloves, boxing gloves, ice skates, complete ice skating and roller skating outfits (Cl. 28);
- Electrically heated clothing (Cl. 11);
- Electrically heated footmuffs (Cl. 11), fitted footmuffs for prams, pushchairs and buggies (Cl. 12);
- Bibs of paper (Cl. 16);
- Paper handkerchiefs (Cl. 16) and textile handkerchiefs (Cl. 24);
- Clothing for animals (Cl. 18);
- Carnival masks (Cl. 28);
- Doll clothing (Cl. 28);
- Paper party hats (Cl. 28).
Class 26
- Lace, braids, soutaches, cords, edgings and embroidery, and ribbons and bows (haberdashery)
- Buttons, hooks and eyes, needles
- Artificial flowers
- Hair ornaments
- Artificial hair
Class 26 – explanatory note
Class 26 mainly includes haberdashery, trimmings, real or artificial hair, as well as hair ornaments and small decorative elements used for decorating numerous articles not included in other classes.
This class includes, in particular:
- Wigs, toupees, false beards;
- Hair clips, hair bands and headbands;
- Ribbons and bows, as far as they are haberdashery or for use as hair ornaments, of any material;
- Ribbons and bows, not of paper, for gift wrapping;
- Hairnets;
- Buckles, zippers;
- Pendants, except for jewellery, key rings or key fobs;
- Artificial Christmas garlands and Christmas wreaths, including those with integrated lighting;
- Certain articles for curling hair, e.g., electric and non-electric hair curlers, except hand-held devices, curling pins, hair curler papers.
This class does not include, in particular:
- Artificial eyelashes (Cl. 3);
- Hooks, as far as they are small hardware items (Cl. 6) or small items, not of metal (Cl. 20), curtain hooks (Cl. 20);
- Certain special needles, e.g., tattooing needles (Cl. 8), needles for surveying compasses (Cl. 9), needles for medical purposes (Cl. 10), needles for pumps for inflating play balls (Cl. 28);
- Hand-held devices for curling hair, e.g., curling irons, eyelash curlers (Cl. 8);
- Hair prostheses (Cl. 10);
- Jewellery pendants, pendants for key rings or key fobs (Cl. 14);
- Certain ribbons and bows, e.g., paper ribbons and bows, except haberdashery or hair bands (Cl. 16), ribbons for rhythmic gymnastics (Cl. 28);
- Textile yarns (Cl. 23).
- Christmas trees of synthetic material (Cl. 28).
Class 27
- Carpets, rugs, mats, linoleum and other floor coverings
- Wall hangings, not of textile material
Class 27 – explanatory note
This class includes, in particular:
- Car carpets;
- Mats, as far as they are floor coverings, e.g., bath mats, doormats, gymnastic mats, yoga mats;
- Artificial turf;
- Wallpapers, including textile wallpapers.
This class does not include, in particular:
- Floors, floor coverings and floor tiles of metal (Cl. 6) and not of metal (Cl. 19), wooden floorboards (Cl. 19);
- Electrically heated carpets (Cl. 11);
- Geotextiles (Cl. 19);
- Mats for playpens (Cl. 20);
- Wall hangings of textile material (Cl. 24).
Class 28
- Games, playthings and toys
- Video game apparatus
- Gymnastic and sporting articles
- Christmas tree decorations
Class 28 – explanatory note
Class 28 mainly includes playthings, games, sports equipment, entertainment articles and novelties, as well as certain articles for Christmas trees.
This class includes, in particular:
- Amusement and game apparatus, including associated control units;
- Jokes and novelty items, e.g., carnival masks, paper hats, confetti, table fireworks and crackers;
- Fishing and hunting equipment, e.g., fishing rods, landing nets, bait, hunting calls;
- Apparatus for various sports and games.
This class does not include, in particular:
- Christmas tree candles (Cl. 4), electric Christmas tree lighting (Cl. 11), sugar and chocolate confectionery as Christmas tree decorations (Cl. 30);
- Diving equipment (Cl. 9);
- Sex toys and sex dolls (Cl. 10);
- Gymnastic and sports clothing (Cl. 25);
- Certain gymnastic and sporting articles, e.g., protective helmets, sports glasses and mouthguards for use in sports (Cl. 9), sporting weapons (Cl. 13), gymnastic mats (Cl. 27) as well as certain fishing and hunting equipment, e.g., hunting knives, harpoons (Cl. 8), firearms for hunting (Cl. 13), fishing nets (Cl. 22), which are classified according to their function or purpose.
Class 29
- Meat, fish, poultry and game
- Meat extracts
- Preserved, frozen, dried and cooked fruits and vegetables
- Jellies, jams, compotes
- Eggs
- Milk, cheese, butter, yogurt and other milk products
- Edible oils and fats
Class 29 – explanatory note
Class 29 mainly includes foodstuffs of animal origin as well as vegetables and other edible horticultural products prepared or preserved for consumption.
This class includes, in particular:
- Foodstuffs based on meat, fish, fruits or vegetables;
- Edible insects;
- Milk beverages with a predominant milk content;
- Milk substitutes, e.g., almond milk, coconut milk, peanut milk, rice milk, soy milk;
- Preserved mushrooms;
- Legumes and nuts, prepared for human consumption;
- Grains, prepared for human consumption, except as spices or flavourings.
This class does not include, in particular:
- Oils and fats, not for food purposes, e.g., essential oils (Cl. 3), industrial oils (Cl. 4), castor oil for medical purposes (Cl. 5);
- Baby food (Cl. 5);
- Dietetic foodstuffs and products for medical purposes (Cl. 5);
- Dietary supplements (Cl. 5);
- Salad dressings (Cl. 30);
- Processed grains for use as spices (Cl. 30);
- Chocolate-coated nuts (Cl. 30);
- Fresh, unprocessed fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds (Cl. 31);
- Animal foodstuffs (Cl. 31);
- Live animals (Cl. 31);
- Grains for sowing (Cl. 31).
Class 30
- Coffee, tea, cocoa and artificial coffee
- Rice, pasta and noodles
- Tapioca and sago
- Flours and preparations made from cereals
- Bread, fine bakery wares and confectionery
- Chocolate
- Ice cream, sorbets and other edible ices
- Sugar, honey, treacle
- Yeast, baking powder
- Salt, seasonings, spices, preserved herbs
- Vinegar, sauces and other condiments
- Ice [frozen water]
Class 30 – explanatory note
This class includes, in particular:
Class 30 mainly includes foodstuffs of plant origin prepared or preserved for consumption, except fruits and vegetables, as well as additives for improving the flavour of foodstuffs.
- Coffee, cocoa, chocolate or tea-based beverages;
- Cereals prepared for human consumption, e.g., oat flakes, corn flakes, hulled barley, bulgur, muesli or other cereal flakes;
- Pizzas, pies in pastry, sandwiches;
- Chocolate-coated nuts;
- Flavourings for food or beverages, except essential oils.
This class does not include, in particular:
- Salt for industrial purposes (Cl. 1);
- Flavourings for food or beverages, as far as they are essential oils (Cl. 3);
- Medicinal teas and dietetic products for medical purposes (Cl. 5);
- Baby food (Cl. 5);
- Dietary supplements (Cl. 5);
- Yeast for pharmaceutical purposes (Cl. 5), yeast for animal foodstuffs (Cl. 31);
- Milk beverages with coffee, cocoa, chocolate or tea flavour (Cl. 29);
- Soups, bouillon, broths (Cl. 29);
- Raw cereals (Cl. 31);
- Fresh herbs (Cl. 31);
- Animal foodstuffs (Cl. 31).
Class 31
- Raw and unprocessed products of agriculture, horticulture, aquaculture and forestry
- Raw and unprocessed grains and seeds
- Fresh fruits and vegetables, fresh herbs
- Natural plants and flowers
- Bulbs, seedlings and grains for planting
- Live animals
- Animal foodstuffs and beverages
- Malt
Class 31 – explanatory note
Class 31 mainly includes unprocessed land and marine products, live animals and plants, and animal foodstuffs.
This class includes, in particular:
- unprocessed cereals;
- fresh fruits and vegetables, including washed and waxed;
- plant residues;
- unprocessed algae;
- unsawn wood;
- hatching eggs;
- fresh mushrooms and truffles;
- litter for animals, e.g. flavored sand, sanded paper for pets.
This class does not include, in particular:
- cultures of microorganisms and leeches for medical purposes (Cl. 5);
- dietary supplements for animals and animal feed with medicinal additives (Cl. 5);
- semi-processed wood (Cl. 19);
- artificial fishing bait (Cl. 28);
- rice (Cl. 30);
- Tobacco (Class 34).
Class 32
- Beers
- non-alcoholic beverages
- mineral waters and carbonated waters
- fruit drinks and fruit juices
- syrups and other non-alcoholic preparations for making beverages
Class 32 – explanatory note
Class 32 mainly includes non-alcoholic beverages as well as beers.
This class includes, in particular:
- dealcoholized beverages;
- non-alcoholic soft drinks;
- rice drinks and soy beverages, except as milk substitutes;
- energy drinks, isotonic drinks, protein-enriched sports drinks;
- non-alcoholic essences and fruit extracts for making beverages.
This class does not include, in particular:
- flavorings for beverages, as far as they are essential oils (Cl. 3) or except essential oils (Cl. 30);
- dietetic beverages for medical purposes (Cl. 5);
- milk beverages with a high milk content, milkshakes (Cl. 29);
- milk substitutes, e.g. almond milk, coconut milk, peanut milk, rice milk, soy milk (Cl. 29);
- lemon juice for culinary purposes, tomato juice for cooking (Cl. 29);
- coffee, cocoa, chocolate or tea beverages (Cl. 30);
- beverages for pets (Cl. 31);
- alcoholic beverages, except beers (Cl. 33).
Class 33
- alcoholic beverages, excluding beers
- alcoholic preparations for making beverages
Class 33 – explanatory note
Class 33 essentially includes alcoholic beverages, essences, and extracts.
This class includes, in particular:
- Wines, liqueur wines;
- alcoholic ciders, perries;
- Spirits, liqueurs;
- alcoholic essences, alcoholic fruit extracts, bitters.
This class does not include, in particular:
- medicinal beverages (Cl. 5);
- de-alcoholized beverages (Cl. 32);
- Beers (Cl. 32);
- non-alcoholic beverages for mixing alcoholic beverages, e.g. non-alcoholic soft drinks, soda water (Cl. 32).
Class 34
- Tobacco and tobacco substitutes
- Cigarettes and cigars
- electronic cigarettes and vaporizers for smokers
- smokers’ articles
- Matches
Class 34 – explanatory note
Class 34 mainly includes tobacco and smokers’ articles, as well as certain accessories and certain containers in connection with their use.
This class includes, in particular:
- tobacco substitutes, not for medical purposes;
- flavorings, except essential oils, for electronic cigarettes, vaporizers for smokers;
- herbs for smoking;
- snuff;
- certain accessories and certain containers in connection with their use with tobacco and smokers’ articles, e.g. lighters for smokers, ashtrays for smokers, tobacco tins, snuff boxes, cigar humidors.
This class does not include, in particular:
- tobacco-free cigarettes for medical purposes (Cl. 5);
- batteries and chargers for electronic cigarettes (Cl. 9);
- ashtrays for motor vehicles (Cl. 12).
Services
Class 35
- Advertising
- Business management, organization and administration
- Office work
Class 35 – explanatory note:
Class 35 mainly includes services related to
business management, operation, organization and administration of a commercial or
industrial enterprise, as well as advertising, marketing and sales promotion services.
For the purposes of classification, the sale of goods is not considered a service.
This class includes, in particular:
- the compilation of various goods for the benefit of others, (excluding their transport), to enable consumers to view and purchase these goods; these services may be provided by retail stores, wholesale outlets, through vending machines, mail order catalogs or by means of electronic media, e.g. via websites or teleshopping broadcasts;
- advertising, marketing and sales promotion services, e.g. distribution of samples, development of advertising concepts, writing and publication of advertising texts;
- decorating shop windows;
- public relations;
- production of teleshopping broadcasts;
- organization of trade fairs and exhibitions for commercial and advertising purposes;
- search engine optimization for sales promotion;
- auxiliary services in business matters, e.g. personnel recruitment, negotiation of business contracts for third parties, preparation of cost-price analyses, services of an import and export agency;
- administrative services relating to business transactions and financial records, e.g. bookkeeping, preparation of account statements, auditing of business operations and auditing, business valuations, preparation and filing of tax returns;
- commercial management of the licensing of goods and services for third parties;
- services relating to the registration, transcription, composition, compilation or systematic ordering of written communications and records, as well as the compilation of mathematical or statistical data;
- office work, e.g. scheduling services and appointment reminder services, data research for third parties in computer files, file management by computer, telephone switchboard services.
This class does not include, in particular:
- financial services, e.g. financial analysis, asset management, financial sponsorship (Cl. 36);
- real estate management (Cl. 36);
- services of a stockbroker (Cl. 36);
- transport logistics (Cl. 39);
- energy audit (Cl. 42);
- graphic design of advertising material (Cl. 42);
- legal services in the field of contract negotiation for third parties (Cl. 45);
- licensing of intellectual property, legal license management, management of copyrights (Cl. 45);
- registration of domain names (Cl. 45).
Class 36
- Insurance
- Finance
- Monetary affairs
- Real estate affairs
Class 36 – explanatory note
Class 36 mainly includes services in banking and other
Financial transactions, valuation services and activities in the
Insurance and real estate sectors.
This class includes, in particular:
- financial transaction and payment services, e.g. currency exchange transactions, electronic funds transfer, processing payments with credit cards and debit cards, issuing traveler’s checks;
- asset management and financial research;
- valuations, e.g. estimation of jewelry, works of art and real estate, of repair costs;
- check verification;
- financial and credit services, e.g. granting loans, issuing credit cards, leasing;
- crowdfunding;
- safekeeping of valuables in safes;
- financial sponsorship;
- services of real estate agencies, real estate management, rental of apartments, collection of rent and lease income;
- insurance services, services of an actuary;
- services of a broker, e.g. services of a securities broker, insurance brokerage, services of a real estate broker, CO2 emissions trading [brokerage], pawnbroking.
This class does not include, in particular:
- administrative services in connection with business transactions and financial records, e.g. bookkeeping, preparation of financial statements, auditing and financial auditing, business valuations, preparation and filing of tax returns (Cl. 35);
- sponsorship search, advertising for goods and services through sponsorship of sporting events (Cl. 35);
- refilling ATMs with cash (Cl. 39);
- freight brokerage services, services of a transport broker (Cl. 39);
- qualitative estimation of wool and unhewn wood (Cl. 42).
Class 37
- Construction services
- Installation work and repair services
- Mining, oil and gas drilling
Class 37 – explanatory note
Class 37 mainly includes services in the field of construction, as well as services relating to the restoration or maintenance of objects in their original condition without altering their physical or chemical properties.
This class includes, in particular:
- the construction and demolition of buildings, roads, bridges, dams or pipelines, as well as services in the field of construction, e.g. painting work indoors and outdoors, plastering, plumbing work (sheet metal work), heating installation and roofing work;
- shipbuilding;
- rental of construction tools, machinery and equipment, e.g. rental of bulldozers, rental of cranes;
- various repair services, e.g. in the fields of electricity, computer hardware, furniture, instruments and tools;
- various types of repair work, e.g. building renovation, furniture restoration and restoration of works of art;
- maintenance services to maintain an object in its original condition without changing any of its properties;
- cleaning various objects, e.g. windows, vehicles, clothing, as well as washing and ironing clothing.
This class does not include, in particular:
- storage of goods (Cl. 39);
- transformation of an object or substance involving a process to change its essential properties, e.g. cutting, dyeing, fireproofing of textile fabrics (Cl. 40), casting, coating, treating metal (Cl. 40), tailoring, clothing manufacture, embroidery (Cl. 40), preserving food and beverages (Cl. 40);
- installation, maintenance and updating of computer software (Cl. 42), creation and hosting of websites (Cl. 42);
- building design and architectural services (Cl. 42).
Class 38
- Telecommunications services
Class 38 – explanatory note
Class 38 mainly includes services that enable at least one party to communicate with another, as well as services for the broadcasting and transmission of data.
This class includes, in particular:
- video-on-demand transmission;
- transmission of digital files and electronic mail;
- providing access to global computer networks;
- broadcasting of radio and television programs;
- provision of internet chat rooms and online forums;
- telephone and voicemail services;
- tele- and video conferencing services.
This class does not include, in particular:
- radio advertising (Cl. 35);
- telemarketing (Cl. 35);
- content that may be included in the communication process, e.g. image files for downloading (Cl. 9), provision of business information via a website (Cl. 35), provision of non-downloadable films or television programs via video-on-demand services (Cl. 41);
- services provided via telecommunications connections, e.g. online retail services relating to downloadable music files (Cl. 35), online banking (Cl. 36);
- production of radio and television programs (Cl. 41);
- consulting in the field of telecommunications technology (Cl. 42);
- making social contacts on the internet (Cl. 45).
Class 39
- Transport services
- Packaging and storage of goods
- Arranging travel
Class 39 – explanatory note
Class 39 mainly includes services that are provided by transporting persons, animals or goods by rail or road, by water or air, and by pipeline from one place to another, and services that are necessarily related to these transports, as well as the storage of goods in any type of storage facility, warehouses or other types of buildings for the purpose of their preservation or guarding.
This class includes, in particular:
- operation of railway stations, bridges, railways, ferries and other transport facilities;
- rental of transport vehicles and assignment of the corresponding operating personnel, e.g. drivers and pilots;
- rental services in connection with transport, storage and travel, e.g. parking space rental, garage rental, rental of storage containers;
- operation of tugboats and unloading of ships, operation of ports and docks, and the salvage of ships and their cargo from distress;
- packaging, bottling, wrapping and delivery of goods;
- filling of vending machines and ATMs;
- services for providing information about travel or the transport of goods by brokers and travel agencies, as well as for providing information about tariffs, timetables and modes of transport;
- control of vehicles or goods for the purpose of transport;
- distribution of energy and electricity, as well as distribution of and supply of water.
This class does not include, in particular:
- advertising for travel or transport (Cl. 35);
- insurance services during the transport of persons or goods (Cl. 36);
- maintenance and repair of vehicles or other objects in connection with the transport of persons or goods (Cl. 37);
- organization of guided tours (Cl. 41);
- electronic data storage (Cl. 42);
- reservation of hotel rooms or other temporary accommodation by travel agencies or brokers (Cl. 43).
Class 40
- Material processing
- Recycling of waste and garbage
- Air purification and water treatment
- Printing services
- Preservation of food and beverages
Class 40 – explanatory note
Class 40 mainly includes services not listed in other classes that consist of the mechanical or chemical processing, transformation or manufacture of inorganic or organic substances or objects, including custom manufacturing services.
For the purposes of classification, the manufacture or production of goods is only considered a service if it is carried out on behalf of another person on their order and according to their specifications.
If the manufacture is not carried out as part of an order adapted to the customer’s needs or specifications, it is generally subordinate to the manufacturer’s main business activities or merchandise.
If the substance or object is distributed to third parties by the person who processed, transformed or manufactured it, this is generally not considered a service.
This class includes, in particular:
- Services relating to the transformation of an object or substance as well as any process that results in a change in its basic properties, e.g. dyeing a garment; these transformation services are also classified in Class 40 if they are provided as part of repair or maintenance work, e.g. chrome plating of bumpers of an automobile;
- Material processing services as they occur in the manufacture of a substance or object, excluding buildings, e.g. services such as cutting, shaping, polishing by grinding or coating with metal;
- Joining materials, e.g. soldering or welding;
- Processing and treatment of food, e.g. crushing fruit, grinding grain, preserving food and beverages, smoking food, freezing food;
- custom manufacturing of goods to order and according to the customer’s specifications (taking into account that certain offices require the specification of the manufactured goods), e.g. custom manufacturing of automobiles;
- Services of a dental technician;
- Quilting, embroidery, tailoring, dyeing of textiles, finishing of textiles.
This class does not include, in particular:
- Services that do not result in a change in the basic properties of an object or substance, e.g. furniture care work or repair services (Cl. 37);
- Services in the construction industry, e.g. painting and plastering work (Cl. 37);
- Cleaning work, e.g. washing laundry, cleaning windows, interior and exterior cleaning of buildings (Cl.37);
- Rust protection work, e.g. rust protection treatment of vehicles (Cl. 37);
- certain services for individualization, e.g. the custom painting of automobiles (Cl. 37);
- Decorating food, artistic design of food (Cl. 43).
Class 41
- Education
- Apprenticeship
- Entertainment
- sporting and cultural activities
Class 41 – explanatory note
Class 41 mainly includes services that include all forms of education or
Training, services that are primarily for entertainment, pleasure
or recreation of people, as well as public presentations of
Works of fine art or literature for cultural or educational purposes.
This class includes, in particular:
- Organization of exhibitions for cultural or educational purposes, organization and
Organization of conferences, congresses and symposia; - Services of translators and interpreters;
- Publication of books and texts, except advertising texts;
- Services of a newspaper reporter, creation of photo reports;
- Photography;
- Film direction and film production, except for advertising films;
- Cultural, educational and entertainment services provided by amusement parks,
Circuses, zoos, art galleries and museums; - Services of a sports and fitness trainer;
- Animal training;
- online gaming services;
- Conducting gambling, organizing lotteries;
- Ticket reservation and advance sale for entertainment, educational and
Sporting events; - Writing specific texts, e.g. writing film scripts, songwriting
This class does not include, in particular:
- Organisation of exhibitions and trade fairs for economic and advertising purposes (Cl. 35);
- Writing and publishing advertising texts (Cl. 35);
- Services of press agencies (Cl. 38);
- Broadcasting of radio and television programmes (Cl. 38);
- Video conferencing services (Cl. 38);
- Writing technical texts (Cl. 42);
- Services of a crèche (Cl. 43);
- Services of health spas or thermal baths (Cl. 44);
- Planning and preparation of wedding celebrations (Cl. 45).
Class 42
- scientific and technological services and research, and related designer services
- industrial analysis, industrial research and services of an industrial designer;
- Quality control and authentication services;
- Design and development of computer hardware and software
Class 42 – explanatory note
Class 42 essentially includes services relating to the theoretical and practical aspects of complex fields of activity, e.g. scientific laboratory services, services of engineers, computer programming, services of architects or interior designers.
This class includes, in particular:
- Services of engineers and scientists dealing with assessments, estimates, research and reports in the field of science and technology, including technological consultancy;
- Computer services and technological services for securing computer data as well as personal and financial information and for detecting unauthorised access to data and information, e.g. services for protection against computer viruses, services in the field of data encryption, electronic monitoring of personal data for detecting identity theft via the Internet;
- Software as a Service [SaaS], Platform as a Service [PaaS];
- scientific research services for medical purposes;
- Architectural and town planning services;
- certain services, e.g. industrial design, design of computer software and computer systems, interior design, packaging design, graphic artist services, services of fashion designers;
- Surveying;
- Exploration services in the field of the oil, gas and mining industries.
This class does not include, in particular:
- certain research services, e.g. investigations and assessments in business matters (Cl. 35), market research (Cl. 35), financial research (Cl. 36), genealogical research (Cl. 45), legal research (Cl. 45);
- Auditing (Cl. 35);
- File management using computers (Cl. 35);
- financial estimations (Cl. 36);
- Mining, oil and natural gas drilling (Cl. 37);
- Installation, maintenance and repair of computer hardware (Cl. 37);
- Sound engineering services (Cl. 41);
- certain design services, e.g. services of landscape architects (Cl. 44);
- medical and veterinary services (Cl. 44);
- legal services (Cl. 45).
Class 43
- Services for providing food and drink and temporary accommodation
Class 43 – explanatory note
Class 43 essentially includes services relating to the
preparation of food and beverages for consumption, as well as
services for the provision of temporary accommodation.
This class includes, in particular:
- Reservation of temporary accommodation, e.g. room reservation in hotels;
- Services of boarding kennels;
- Rental of meeting rooms, tents and transportable buildings;
- Services of retirement and nursing homes;
- Services of crèches;
- Decorating food, artistic design of food;
- Rental of cooking equipment;
- Rental of chairs, tables, table linen, glassware;
- Shisha lounge services;
- Services of a private chef.
This class does not include, in particular:
- Management of hotels (Cl. 35);
- Rental of real estate such as houses or apartments intended for residential use (Cl. 36);
- domestic services (cleaning services) (Cl. 37);
- Reservation services for travel and transport (Cl. 39);
- Brewing beer and making wine for third parties; custom manufacturing of bread (Cl. 40);
- Smoking of food, preservation of food and beverages (Cl. 40);
- Education, teaching and entertainment services, including those which additionally include the provision of accommodation or food and beverages, by e.g. boarding schools, kindergartens, sports camps, discotheques and nightclubs (Cl. 41);
- Operation of a museum (Cl. 41);
- Services of convalescent and nursing homes (Cl. 44);
Class 44
- medical services
- veterinary services
- Hygiene and beauty care for human beings and animals
- Services in the field of agriculture, aquaculture, horticulture and forestry
Class 44 – explanatory note
Class 44 essentially includes medical care including alternative medicine, hygiene and beauty care for human beings and animals, provided by individuals or companies, as well as services in the field of agriculture, aquaculture, horticulture and forestry.
This class includes, in particular:
- Services of hospitals;
- Telemedicine services;
- dental, optometric and mental health services;
- Services of a medical clinic and medical analyses for diagnostic and treatment purposes by medical laboratories, such as X-rays and blood samples;
- therapeutic services, e.g. physiotherapy and speech therapy;
- pharmaceutical advice and preparation of prescriptions in pharmacies;
- Services of blood banks and tissue banks for human tissues;
- Services of health resorts, rehabilitation clinics and convalescent homes;
- Dietary and nutritional advice;
- Services of health spas or thermal baths;
- artificial insemination and in-vitro fertilisation;
- Rearing of animals;
- Animal care;
- Piercing and tattooing;
- Services in connection with horticulture, e.g. services of tree and plant nurseries, landscaping, lawn care;
- Services in connection with floristry, e.g. flower arranging, wreath making;
- Weed killing, vermin exterminating and pest control for agriculture, aquaculture, horticulture and forestry.
This class does not include, in particular:
- Pest and vermin exterminating, except for agriculture, aquaculture, horticulture and forestry (Cl. 37);
- Installation and repair of irrigation systems (Cl. 37);
- Ambulance transport (Cl. 39);
- Slaughtering of animals and taxidermy (Cl. 40);
- Felling and processing of wood (Cl. 40);
- Animal training (Cl. 41);
- Services of fitness clubs (Cl. 41);
- scientific research for medical purposes (Cl. 42);
- Operation of boarding kennels (Cl. 43);
- Services of retirement homes (Cl. 43);
- Funeral services (Cl. 45).
Class 45
- legal services
- Security services for the physical protection of tangible property or individuals
- Dating services, networking on the Internet
- Funeral services
- Babysitting
Class 45 – explanatory note
Class 45 essentially includes legal services and security services as well as
certain personal and social services provided by third parties relating to
individual needs.
This class includes, in particular:
- Arbitration and mediation services;
- Registration of domain names;
- Verification of compliance with legal and regulatory requirements;
- Investigations and surveillance relating to the physical safety of persons and the security of tangible property, e.g. security guard services, services of detectives; investigations about persons, security control of baggage;
- Services for the benefit of individuals in connection with social events, e.g. accompanying individuals as companions, planning and preparation of wedding celebrations;
- Conducting religious ceremonies, conducting funerals;
- Pet sitting, dog walking;
- Rental of clothing.
This class does not include, in particular:
- certain rental services provided by third parties relating to individual needs, if the services provided by means of the rented items belong to another class, e.g. rental of apartments (Cl. 36), car rental (Cl. 39), rental of guest rooms (Cl. 43);
- Travel escorting (Cl. 39);
- Security transport, e.g. guarded transport of valuables, transport in armoured vehicles (Cl. 39);
- Party planning (Cl. 41);
- Services in the field of education and training in all forms, including religious education (Cl. 41);
- Services which are essentially for the entertainment, enjoyment or recreation of individuals (Cl. 41);
- Consulting in the field of computer and Internet security as well as services in the field of data encryption (Cl. 42);
- Provision of medical care, health and beauty care of human beings and animals (Cl. 44).;