{"id":99958,"date":"2025-12-19T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-19T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/trestne-pravo\/sprenevera\/"},"modified":"2025-12-19T10:25:07","modified_gmt":"2025-12-19T09:25:07","slug":"sprenevera","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/trestne-pravo\/sprenevera\/","title":{"rendered":"Sprenevera"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-yoast-seo-table-of-contents yoast-table-of-contents\"><h2>Sprenevera<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"#h-veruntreuung\" data-level=\"2\">Sprenevera<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-objektiver-tatbestand\" data-level=\"2\">Objekt\u00edvna skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-qualifizierende-umstande\" data-level=\"3\">Kvalifikuj\u00face okolnosti<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-prufungsschritte\" data-level=\"3\">Kroky posudzovania<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-abgrenzung-zu-anderen-delikten\" data-level=\"2\">Rozl\u00ed\u0161enie od in\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010dinov<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-konkurrenzen\" data-level=\"3\">S\u00fabehy:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-beweislast-amp-beweiswurdigung\" data-level=\"2\">D\u00f4kazn\u00e9 bremeno a hodnotenie d\u00f4kazov<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-staatsanwaltschaft\" data-level=\"3\">Prokurat\u00fara:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-gericht\" data-level=\"3\">S\u00fad:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-beschuldigte-person\" data-level=\"3\">Obvinen\u00e1 osoba:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-praxisbeispiele\" data-level=\"2\">Praktick\u00e9 pr\u00edklady<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-subjektiver-tatbestand\" data-level=\"2\">Subjekt\u00edvna skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-schuld-amp-irrtumer\" data-level=\"2\">Vina a omyly<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafaufhebung-amp-diversion\" data-level=\"2\">Zru\u0161enie trestu a odklon<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-diversion\" data-level=\"3\">Diverzia:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-ausschluss-der-diversion\" data-level=\"3\">Vyl\u00fa\u010denie diverzie:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafzumessung-amp-folgen\" data-level=\"2\">Ukladanie trestu a n\u00e1sledky<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-erschwerungsgrunde-bestehen-insbesondere-wenn\" data-level=\"3\">Pri\u0165a\u017euj\u00face okolnosti existuj\u00fa najm\u00e4, ak<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-milderungsgrunde-sind-etwa\" data-level=\"3\">Po\u013eah\u010duj\u00face okolnosti s\u00fa napr\u00edklad<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafrahmen\" data-level=\"2\">Trestn\u00e1 sadzba<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-geldstrafe-tagessatzsystem\" data-level=\"2\">Pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fd trest \u2013 syst\u00e9m denn\u00fdch sadzieb<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-freiheitsstrafe-amp-teil-bedingte-nachsicht\" data-level=\"2\">Trest od\u0148atia slobody a (\u010diasto\u010dne) podmiene\u010dn\u00e9 odpustenie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-zustandigkeit-der-gerichte\" data-level=\"2\">Pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165 s\u00fadov<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-sachliche-zustandigkeit\" data-level=\"3\">Vecn\u00e1 pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-ortliche-zustandigkeit\" data-level=\"3\">Miestna pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-instanzenzug\" data-level=\"3\">Odvolacie konanie<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-zivilanspruche-im-strafverfahren\" data-level=\"2\">Ob\u010dianskopr\u00e1vne n\u00e1roky v trestnom konan\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafverfahren-im-uberblick\" data-level=\"2\">Preh\u013ead trestn\u00e9ho konania<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-ermittlungsbeginn\" data-level=\"3\">Za\u010diatok vy\u0161etrovania<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-polizei-und-staatsanwaltschaft\" data-level=\"3\">Pol\u00edcia a prokurat\u00fara<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-beschuldigtenvernehmung\" data-level=\"3\">V\u00fdsluch obvinen\u00e9ho<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-akteneinsicht\" data-level=\"3\">Nahliadnutie do spisu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-hauptverhandlung\" data-level=\"3\">Hlavn\u00e9 pojedn\u00e1vanie<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-beschuldigtenrechte\" data-level=\"2\">Pr\u00e1va obvinen\u00e9ho<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-praxis-amp-verhaltenstipps\" data-level=\"2\">Prax a tipy na spr\u00e1vanie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-ihre-vorteile-mit-anwaltlicher-unterstutzung\" data-level=\"2\">Va\u0161e v\u00fdhody s pr\u00e1vnou podporou<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-faq-haufig-gestellte-fragen\" data-level=\"2\">\u010cast\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-veruntreuung\">Sprenevera<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sprenevera pod\u013ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=133&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a> nast\u00e1va, ak <strong>niekto pou\u017eije majetok, ktor\u00fd mu bol vedome zveren\u00fd<\/strong>, <strong>pre seba alebo pre in\u00fa osobu<\/strong>, hoci ho <strong>mohol len spravova\u0165 alebo pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 v z\u00e1ujme in\u00e9ho<\/strong>. Majetok sa pritom <strong>u\u017e opr\u00e1vnene nach\u00e1dza v jeho dr\u017ebe<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad preto, \u017ee mu bol odovzdan\u00fd alebo zveren\u00fd do spr\u00e1vy. Trestn\u00e9 je <strong>nie odcudzenie<\/strong>, ale <strong>poru\u0161enie d\u00f4very<\/strong>, preto\u017ee majetok je <strong>v rozpore s dohodnut\u00fdm \u00fa\u010delom<\/strong> preveden\u00fd do vlastn\u00e9ho majetku alebo majetku tretej osoby. Z\u00e1konodarca toto konanie hodnot\u00ed ako obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9, preto\u017ee <strong>je cielene zneu\u017eit\u00fd existuj\u00faci d\u00f4vern\u00fd vz\u0165ah<\/strong>.   <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-f014c6a5 alignfull uagb-is-root-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-60e61cc5\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sprenevera znamen\u00e1, \u017ee <strong>zveren\u00fd majetok je \u00famyselne pou\u017eit\u00fd pre seba alebo pre tretiu osobu<\/strong> a t\u00fdm je <strong>zneu\u017eit\u00e1 prejaven\u00e1 d\u00f4vera<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-613eb3e6\"><picture>\r\n\t\t<source srcset=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7133-Veruntreuung-352x198.webp\" >\r\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-picture-small\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7133-Veruntreuung.webp\" alt=\"Vysvetlenie sprenevery v Rak\u00fasku. Skutkov\u00e1 podstata, podmienky, vymedzenia a trestn\u00e1 sadzba pod\u013ea \u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona.\" >\r\n\t<\/picture>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eSprenevera neza\u010d\u00edna pr\u00edstupom k cudziemu majetku, ale zneu\u017eit\u00edm d\u00f4very, ktor\u00e1 bola vedome udelen\u00e1.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-objektiver-tatbestand\">Objekt\u00edvna skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Objekt\u00edvna skutkov\u00e1 podstata <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=133&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a> opisuje <strong>vonkaj\u0161ie podmienky<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 musia by\u0165 splnen\u00e9, aby do\u0161lo k sprenevere. Ide o to, <strong>\u010do sa skuto\u010dne stalo s majetkom<\/strong>, nie o to, \u010do si p\u00e1chate\u013e myslel alebo chcel. Rozhoduj\u00face je, \u017ee <strong>majetok bol zveren\u00fd<\/strong> a tento majetok je <strong>protipr\u00e1vne pou\u017eit\u00fd alebo zadr\u017ean\u00fd<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 je, \u017ee majetok sa <strong>u\u017e opr\u00e1vnene nach\u00e1dza v dispozi\u010dnej moci p\u00e1chate\u013ea<\/strong>. Opr\u00e1vnen\u00e1 osoba prenechala p\u00e1chate\u013eovi majetok <strong>vedome<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad na \u00faschovu, spr\u00e1vu alebo na pou\u017eitie na ur\u010dit\u00fd \u00fa\u010del. Objekt\u00edvna skutkov\u00e1 podstata je splnen\u00e1, ak p\u00e1chate\u013e <strong>tento majetok pou\u017eije v rozpore s dohodnut\u00fdm alebo o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fdm \u00fa\u010delom<\/strong> pre seba alebo pre tretiu osobu a t\u00fdm ho <strong>navonok zjavne odn\u00edme z cudzieho majetku<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=133&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a> tak chr\u00e1ni <strong>cudz\u00ed majetok pred zneu\u017eit\u00edm d\u00f4very<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00face je <strong>skuto\u010dn\u00e9 zaobch\u00e1dzanie so zveren\u00fdm majetkom<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 preukazuje, \u017ee d\u00f4vera opr\u00e1vnenej osoby bola poru\u0161en\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-qualifizierende-umstande\">Kvalifikuj\u00face okolnosti<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kvalifikovan\u00e1 sprenevera nast\u00e1va, ak <strong>hodnota spreneveren\u00e9ho majetku prekro\u010d\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 hodnotov\u00e9 hranice<\/strong>. Ak hodnota majetku presiahne <strong>5 000 eur<\/strong>, trestn\u00e1 sadzba sa v\u00fdrazne zvy\u0161uje. Pri hodnote <strong>viac ako 300 000 eur<\/strong> ide o obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fa formu sprenevery, za ktor\u00fa hroz\u00ed dlhoro\u010dn\u00fd trest od\u0148atia slobody.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kvalifik\u00e1cia hodnoty sa via\u017ee v\u00fdlu\u010dne na <strong>objekt\u00edvnu majetkov\u00fa \u0161kodu<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00faca je objekt\u00edvna hodnota majetku v \u010dase prisvojenia, nie neskor\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdnos alebo individu\u00e1lny prospech p\u00e1chate\u013ea. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-prufungsschritte\">Kroky posudzovania<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tatsubjekt\">P\u00e1chate\u013e:<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u00e1chate\u013eom m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 <strong>ka\u017ed\u00e1 trestnopr\u00e1vne zodpovedn\u00e1 osoba<\/strong>, ktorej bol majetok <strong>zveren\u00fd<\/strong> a ktor\u00e1 si tento majetok <strong>protipr\u00e1vne prisvoj\u00ed<\/strong>. Osobn\u00e9 vlastnosti p\u00e1chate\u013ea s\u00fa pre skutkov\u00fa podstatu v z\u00e1sade irelevantn\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tatobjekt\">Predmet trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu:<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Predmetom trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu je <strong>ka\u017ed\u00fd zveren\u00fd majetok s majetkovou hodnotou<\/strong>. Patria sem hmotn\u00e9 veci, pe\u0148a\u017en\u00e9 sumy, ako aj in\u00fd ekonomicky ocenite\u013en\u00fd majetok. Rozhoduj\u00face je, \u017ee majetok nebol p\u00e1chate\u013eovi prenechan\u00fd na vo\u013en\u00e9 nakladanie, ale len na ur\u010dit\u00fd \u00fa\u010del.  <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tathandlung\">Skutkov\u00e9 konanie:<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Skutkov\u00e9 konanie spo\u010d\u00edva v <strong>prisvojen\u00ed si zveren\u00e9ho majetku<\/strong>. K tomu doch\u00e1dza, ak p\u00e1chate\u013e zaobch\u00e1dza s majetkom <strong>ako s vlastn\u00fdm opr\u00e1vnen\u00fdm<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad spotrebovan\u00edm, odovzdan\u00edm, predajom alebo in\u00fdm kone\u010dn\u00fdm od\u0148at\u00edm z majetku opr\u00e1vnenej osoby. Form\u00e1lny prevod vlastn\u00edctva nie je potrebn\u00fd.  <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-taterfolg\">V\u00fdsledok trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu:<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fdsledok trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee <strong>majetok je od\u0148at\u00fd z majetku opr\u00e1vnenej osoby<\/strong> a ekonomicky priraden\u00fd p\u00e1chate\u013eovi alebo tretej osobe. U\u017e kone\u010dn\u00e9 zneu\u017eitie \u00fa\u010delu posta\u010duje, aj ke\u010f majetok nesk\u00f4r nebude \u010falej pou\u017eit\u00fd. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-kausalitat\">Kauzalita:<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Majetkov\u00e1 ujma mus\u00ed by\u0165 <strong>sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 konan\u00edm p\u00e1chate\u013ea spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00facim v prisvojen\u00ed si majetku<\/strong>. Bez protipr\u00e1vneho konania by nedo\u0161lo k strate ekonomickej dispozi\u010dnej moci. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-objektive-zurechnung\">Objekt\u00edvna imput\u00e1cia:<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fdsledok je objekt\u00edvne imputovate\u013en\u00fd, ak sa <strong>napln\u00ed presne to riziko<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=133&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a> zabr\u00e1ni\u0165, a to, \u017ee zveren\u00fd majetok je <strong>od\u0148at\u00fd z majetku opr\u00e1vnenej osoby poru\u0161en\u00edm existuj\u00faceho d\u00f4vern\u00e9ho vz\u0165ahu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-peter-harlander\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/ph100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Peter Harlander<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eRozhoduj\u00face nie je, ako sa mal zveren\u00fd majetok pou\u017ei\u0165, ale ako bol skuto\u010dne pou\u017eit\u00fd a \u010di sa t\u00fdm navonok zmenilo priradenie majetku.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-abgrenzung-zu-anderen-delikten\">Rozl\u00ed\u0161enie od in\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010dinov<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Skutkov\u00e1 podstata sprenevery pod\u013ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=133&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a> zah\u0155\u0148a pr\u00edpady, ke\u010f <strong>majetok je u\u017e opr\u00e1vnene v dispozi\u010dnej moci p\u00e1chate\u013ea<\/strong> a ten tento majetok <strong>protipr\u00e1vne pou\u017eije pre seba alebo tretiu osobu<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00face je <strong>zneu\u017eitie existuj\u00faceho d\u00f4vern\u00e9ho vz\u0165ahu<\/strong>, nie sp\u00f4sob, ak\u00fdm sa p\u00e1chate\u013e dostal do dr\u017eby majetku. D\u00f4raz sa kladie na <strong>zneu\u017eitie zveren\u00e9ho majetku na in\u00fd \u00fa\u010del<\/strong> a t\u00fdm navonok zjavn\u00fa zmenu priradenia majetku.  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00a7 127 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona \u2013 Kr\u00e1de\u017e:<\/strong> Pri kr\u00e1de\u017ei je v popred\u00ed <strong>od\u0148atie cudzej hnute\u013enej veci<\/strong>. P\u00e1chate\u013e na za\u010diatku <strong>nem\u00e1 opr\u00e1vnen\u00fa dispozi\u010dn\u00fa moc<\/strong>, ale odn\u00edma opr\u00e1vnenej osobe skuto\u010dn\u00fa kontrolu nad vecou. Pri sprenevere toto od\u0148atie ch\u00fdba, preto\u017ee majetok bol p\u00e1chate\u013eovi u\u017e dobrovo\u013ene prenechan\u00fd. Rozl\u00ed\u0161enie sa preto riadi t\u00fdm, \u010di si p\u00e1chate\u013e majetok najprv privlastn\u00ed, alebo \u010di zneu\u017eije u\u017e zveren\u00fd majetok.   <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00a7 146 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona \u2013 Podvod: <\/strong>Podvod predpoklad\u00e1 <strong>klamstvo<\/strong>, ktor\u00fdm oklaman\u00e1 osoba sama vykon\u00e1 majetkov\u00fa dispoz\u00edciu. Pri sprenevere v\u0161ak doch\u00e1dza k majetkovej ujme <strong>bez klamstva<\/strong>, len protipr\u00e1vnym pou\u017eit\u00edm zveren\u00e9ho majetku. Rozhoduj\u00face je, \u017ee d\u00f4vera u\u017e existuje a nie je vytvoren\u00e1 a\u017e klamstvom.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00a7 153 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona \u2013 Poru\u0161enie povinnosti pri spr\u00e1ve cudzieho majetku:<\/strong> Poru\u0161enie povinnosti pri spr\u00e1ve cudzieho majetku sa t\u00fdka pr\u00edpadov, ke\u010f niekto <strong>zneu\u017eije svoju pr\u00e1vnu pr\u00e1vomoc<\/strong> naklada\u0165 s cudz\u00edm majetkom alebo zaviaza\u0165 in\u00e9ho. Pri sprenevere ide naproti tomu o <strong>konkr\u00e9tne zveren\u00fd majetok<\/strong>, nie o komplexn\u00fa spr\u00e1vu majetku. Rozl\u00ed\u0161enie sa vykon\u00e1va pod\u013ea toho, \u010di p\u00e1chate\u013e poru\u0161\u00ed v\u0161eobecn\u00fa majetkov\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165 alebo zneu\u017eije jednotliv\u00fd zveren\u00fd majetok na in\u00fd \u00fa\u010del.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-konkurrenzen\">S\u00fabehy:<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-echte-konkurrenz\">Skuto\u010dn\u00e1 s\u00fabeh:<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Skuto\u010dn\u00e1 s\u00fabeh nast\u00e1va, ak <strong>k sprenevere pribudn\u00fa \u010fal\u0161ie samostatn\u00e9 trestn\u00e9 \u010diny<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad podvod, fal\u0161ovanie list\u00edn alebo konania poru\u0161uj\u00face povinnosti pri spr\u00e1ve cudzieho majetku vo\u010di r\u00f4znym opr\u00e1vnen\u00fdm osob\u00e1m. <strong>Protipr\u00e1vny obsah sprenevery zost\u00e1va samostatn\u00fd<\/strong>, preto\u017ee okrem poru\u0161enia d\u00f4very s\u00fa <strong>poru\u0161en\u00e9 aj \u010fal\u0161ie pr\u00e1vne chr\u00e1nen\u00e9 z\u00e1ujmy<\/strong>. Trestn\u00e9 \u010diny potom stoja <strong>ved\u013ea seba<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-unechte-konkurrenz\">Neprav\u00fd s\u00fabeh:<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Neprav\u00e1 s\u00fabeh prich\u00e1dza do \u00favahy, ak <strong>in\u00e1 skutkov\u00e1 podstata u\u017e \u00faplne pokr\u00fdva cel\u00fd protipr\u00e1vny obsah sprenevery<\/strong>. To je relevantn\u00e9 najm\u00e4 vtedy, ak <strong>\u0161pecifickej\u0161\u00ed majetkov\u00fd trestn\u00fd \u010din \u00faplne zah\u0155\u0148a zneu\u017eitie d\u00f4very<\/strong>. V t\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch <strong>sprenevera ustupuje<\/strong>, preto\u017ee nezost\u00e1va \u017eiadne dodato\u010dn\u00e9 jadro protipr\u00e1vnosti.  <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tatmehrheit\">Viaceros\u0165 trestn\u00fdch \u010dinov:<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Viaceros\u0165 trestn\u00fdch \u010dinov nast\u00e1va, ak <strong>je sp\u00e1chan\u00fdch viacero samostatn\u00fdch spreneverovac\u00edch konan\u00ed<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad pri <strong>\u010dasovo oddelen\u00fdch prisvojen\u00ed si majetku<\/strong> alebo pri <strong>r\u00f4znych zveren\u00fdch majetkoch<\/strong>. <strong>Ka\u017ed\u00e9 protipr\u00e1vne prisvojenie si majetku tvor\u00ed samostatn\u00fd trestn\u00fd \u010din<\/strong>, pokia\u013e neexistuje \u00fazka s\u00favislos\u0165.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-fortgesetzte-handlung\">Pokra\u010duj\u00faci trestn\u00fd \u010din:<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokra\u010duj\u00faci trestn\u00fd \u010din mo\u017eno predpoklada\u0165, ak <strong>viacero prisvojen\u00ed si majetku \u00fazko \u010dasovo s\u00favis\u00ed<\/strong> a <strong>je podlo\u017een\u00fdch jednotn\u00fdm \u00famyslom sp\u00e1cha\u0165 trestn\u00fd \u010din<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad pri opakovanom pr\u00edstupe k zveren\u00e9mu majetku v r\u00e1mci rovnak\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu. <strong>Trestn\u00fd \u010din kon\u010d\u00ed<\/strong>, ak u\u017e nedoch\u00e1dza k \u010fal\u0161\u00edm prisvojeniam si majetku alebo <strong>p\u00e1chate\u013e upust\u00ed od svojho \u00famyslu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eTrestnopr\u00e1vna kvalifik\u00e1cia nez\u00e1vis\u00ed od ozna\u010denia pr\u00e1vneho vz\u0165ahu, ale od toho, \u010di bol konkr\u00e9tny zveren\u00fd majetok protipr\u00e1vne od\u0148at\u00fd z cudzieho majetku.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-beweislast-amp-beweiswurdigung\">D\u00f4kazn\u00e9 bremeno a hodnotenie d\u00f4kazov<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-staatsanwaltschaft\">Prokurat\u00fara:<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prokurat\u00fara mus\u00ed preuk\u00e1za\u0165, \u017ee <strong>do\u0161lo k sprenevere<\/strong>, teda \u017ee <strong>majetok bol zveren\u00fd<\/strong> a <strong>protipr\u00e1vne prisvojen\u00fd<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00face nie je od\u0148atie, ale to, \u017ee majetok <strong>u\u017e bol opr\u00e1vnene u obvinen\u00e9ho<\/strong> a bol <strong>pou\u017eit\u00fd v rozpore s dohodnut\u00fdm \u00fa\u010delom<\/strong>. Okrem toho je pri vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch sum\u00e1ch potrebn\u00e9 zisti\u0165 <strong>hodnotu majetku<\/strong>, preto\u017ee od nej z\u00e1vis\u00ed hrozba trestu.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Preuk\u00e1za\u0165 je potrebn\u00e9 najm\u00e4, \u017ee<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>existoval zveren\u00fd majetok<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad odovzdan\u00edm, \u00faschovou alebo spr\u00e1vou<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>obvinen\u00fd mal skuto\u010dn\u00fa dispozi\u010dn\u00fa moc<\/strong> nad t\u00fdmto majetkom<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>majetok bol protipr\u00e1vne pou\u017eit\u00fd pre seba alebo pre tretiu osobu<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u010d\u00edm do\u0161lo k navonok zjavn\u00e9mu presunu majetku<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>neexistoval s\u00fahlas ani opr\u00e1vnenie<\/strong> na toto pou\u017eitie<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>hodnota majetku<\/strong> prekra\u010duje relevantn\u00e9 hodnotov\u00e9 hranice, ak je to podstatn\u00e9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na preuk\u00e1zanie sl\u00fa\u017eia napr\u00edklad <strong>zmluvy, vy\u00fa\u010dtovania, \u00fa\u010dtovn\u00e9 doklady, v\u00fdpisy z \u00fa\u010dtov, svedeck\u00e9 v\u00fdpovede, e-maily alebo in\u00e9 dokumenty<\/strong>, z ktor\u00fdch vypl\u00fdva zverenie, viazanos\u0165 \u00fa\u010delom a pou\u017eitie.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-gericht\">S\u00fad:<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00fad posudzuje v\u0161etky d\u00f4kazy <strong>v celkovom kontexte<\/strong> a sk\u00fama, \u010di sa pod\u013ea objekt\u00edvnych krit\u00e9ri\u00ed preuk\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee <strong>zveren\u00fd majetok bol protipr\u00e1vne prisvojen\u00fd<\/strong>. V centre pozornosti je ot\u00e1zka, \u010di konanie obvinen\u00e9ho predstavuje <strong>navonok zjavn\u00e9 poru\u0161enie d\u00f4very<\/strong> a viedlo k <strong>nepr\u00edpustn\u00e9mu presunu majetku<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00fad pritom zoh\u013ead\u0148uje najm\u00e4:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Druh zverenia<\/strong> a dohodnut\u00e1 viazanos\u0165 \u00fa\u010delom<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dispozi\u010dn\u00e9 opr\u00e1vnenia<\/strong> obvinen\u00e9ho<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>konkr\u00e9tne pou\u017eitie alebo odovzdanie<\/strong> majetku<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u010cas a priebeh<\/strong> prisvojenia si majetku<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Doklady alebo svedeck\u00e9 v\u00fdpovede<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 preukazuj\u00fa protipr\u00e1vne pou\u017eitie<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>D\u00f4kazy o hodnote majetku<\/strong>, ak je to podstatn\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010di by rozumn\u00fd priemern\u00fd \u010dlovek predpokladal <strong>protipr\u00e1vne zaobch\u00e1dzanie<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je potrebn\u00e9 rozli\u0161ova\u0165 medzi oby\u010dajn\u00fdmi <strong>administrat\u00edvnymi chybami, nedorozumeniami, oneskoren\u00fdmi vr\u00e1teniami alebo ob\u010dianskopr\u00e1vnymi spormi<\/strong>, pri ktor\u00fdch nedoch\u00e1dza k trestnopr\u00e1vne relevantn\u00e9mu poru\u0161eniu d\u00f4very.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-beschuldigte-person\">Obvinen\u00e1 osoba:<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Obvinen\u00e1 osoba <strong>nenesie d\u00f4kazn\u00e9 bremeno<\/strong>. M\u00f4\u017ee v\u0161ak pouk\u00e1za\u0165 na od\u00f4vodnen\u00e9 pochybnosti, najm\u00e4 pokia\u013e ide o <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u010di bol majetok skuto\u010dne <strong>zveren\u00fd<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010di ide o <strong>protipr\u00e1vne pou\u017eitie<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010di existovalo <strong>opr\u00e1vnenie, s\u00fahlas alebo pokyn<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010di bolo pou\u017eitie <strong>len do\u010dasn\u00e9 alebo omylom<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010di existoval <strong>\u00famysel vr\u00e1ti\u0165<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010di existuj\u00fa <strong>nejasnosti alebo medzery<\/strong> v dokazovan\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010di je <strong>uveden\u00e1 hodnota<\/strong> spr\u00e1vna<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00f4\u017ee preuk\u00e1za\u0165, \u017ee konanie je <strong>ob\u010dianskopr\u00e1vne vysvetlite\u013en\u00e9<\/strong>, <strong>nedorozumenie<\/strong> alebo <strong>nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 hodnoti\u0165 ako prisvojenie si majetku<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-typische-bewertung\">Typick\u00e9 hodnotenie<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V praxi s\u00fa pri sprenevere d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 najm\u00e4 tieto d\u00f4kazy:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zmluvy, plnomocenstv\u00e1 alebo dohody o odovzdan\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00da\u010dtovn\u00e9 doklady a v\u00fdpisy z \u00fa\u010dtov<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vy\u00fa\u010dtovania a platobn\u00e9 toky<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Intern\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia alebo pokyny<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Svedeck\u00e9 v\u00fdpovede k \u00fa\u010delu zverenia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u00f4kazy o hodnote dotknut\u00e9ho majetku<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010casov\u00e9 priebehy, z ktor\u00fdch je zjavn\u00e9 protipr\u00e1vne pou\u017eitie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-peter-harlander\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/ph100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Peter Harlander<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eV konaniach o sprenevere zriedka rozhoduje jeden dokument, ale celkov\u00fd obraz zo zverenia, viazanosti \u00fa\u010delom a skuto\u010dn\u00e9ho pou\u017eitia.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-praxisbeispiele\">Praktick\u00e9 pr\u00edklady<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pou\u017eitie zveren\u00fdch pe\u0148az\u00ed na s\u00fakromn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely:<\/strong><br\/>Osoba dostane od zn\u00e1meho 6 000 \u20ac s jasn\u00fdm pokynom, aby tieto peniaze uschovala v \u00faschove a nesk\u00f4r ich pou\u017eila na spolo\u010dn\u00fa invest\u00edciu. Namiesto toho prevedie sumu na svoj vlastn\u00fd \u00fa\u010det a uhrad\u00ed \u0148ou s\u00fakromn\u00e9 v\u00fddavky. Peniaze jej boli <strong>zveren\u00e9<\/strong> a nach\u00e1dzali sa <strong>opr\u00e1vnene v jej dispozi\u010dnej moci<\/strong>. Protipr\u00e1vnym pou\u017eit\u00edm si ich <strong>navonok zjavne<\/strong> prisvoj\u00ed a zmen\u00ed priradenie majetku. Vzh\u013eadom na hodnotu ide o <strong>kvalifikovan\u00fa spreneveru<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00face nie je, na \u010do boli peniaze vynalo\u017een\u00e9, ale to, \u017ee bola poru\u0161en\u00e1 prejaven\u00e1 d\u00f4vera.     <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Protipr\u00e1vne odovzdanie zverenej veci:<\/strong><br\/>Zamestnanec dostane od svojho zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea kvalitn\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 zariadenie na slu\u017eobn\u00e9 pou\u017eitie. Bez s\u00fahlasu odovzd\u00e1 zariadenie tretej osobe, ktor\u00e1 si ho trvalo ponech\u00e1. Vec bola zamestnancovi <strong>vedome zveren\u00e1<\/strong> a nebola prenechan\u00e1 na vo\u013en\u00e9 nakladanie. Odovzdan\u00edm je vec <strong>od\u0148at\u00e1 z mo\u017enosti pr\u00edstupu opr\u00e1vnenej osoby<\/strong> a prisvojen\u00e1 tretej osobe. Objekt\u00edvna skutkov\u00e1 podstata sprenevery je splnen\u00e1, preto\u017ee majetok bol protipr\u00e1vne pou\u017eit\u00fd a zmenilo sa priradenie majetku. Hodnota zariadenia m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pritom rozhoduj\u00faca pre v\u00fd\u0161ku trestu.     <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tieto pr\u00edklady ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee sprenevera pod\u013ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=133&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a> nast\u00e1va, ak s\u00fa <strong>zveren\u00e9 majetky pou\u017eit\u00e9 alebo odovzdan\u00e9 v rozpore s ich \u00fa\u010delom<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00face je <strong>navonok zjavn\u00e9 poru\u0161enie d\u00f4very<\/strong>, nie d\u013a\u017eka pou\u017e\u00edvania alebo neskor\u0161\u00ed \u00famysel vr\u00e1ti\u0165. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-subjektiver-tatbestand\">Subjekt\u00edvna skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Subjekt\u00edvna skutkov\u00e1 podstata sprenevery pod\u013ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=133&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a> vy\u017eaduje <strong>\u00famysel a \u00famysel obohati\u0165 sa<\/strong>. P\u00e1chate\u013e mus\u00ed vedie\u0165, \u017ee mu bol majetok <strong>zveren\u00fd<\/strong> a \u017ee tento majetok <strong>nepatr\u00ed jemu<\/strong>, ale m\u00e1 ho len na ur\u010dit\u00fd \u00fa\u010del alebo v z\u00e1ujme in\u00e9ho. Mus\u00ed si uvedomi\u0165, \u017ee <strong>s n\u00edm nem\u00f4\u017ee vo\u013ene naklada\u0165<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00damysel sa mus\u00ed vz\u0165ahova\u0165 na to, \u017ee p\u00e1chate\u013e <strong>protipr\u00e1vne pou\u017eije zveren\u00fd majetok pre seba alebo pre tretiu osobu<\/strong> a t\u00fdm <strong>vedome zmen\u00ed priradenie majetku<\/strong>. Posta\u010duje, ak p\u00e1chate\u013e v\u00e1\u017ene pova\u017euje za mo\u017en\u00e9 a zmieri sa s t\u00fdm, \u017ee svoj\u00edm konan\u00edm prevedie cudz\u00ed majetok do vlastn\u00e9ho majetku alebo majetku tretej osoby. Osobitn\u00fd \u00famysel nie je potrebn\u00fd, <strong>posta\u010duje nepriamy \u00famysel<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Okrem toho <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=133&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a> vy\u017eaduje <strong>\u00famysel obohati\u0165 sa<\/strong>. P\u00e1chate\u013e mus\u00ed aspo\u0148 zmieri\u0165 sa s t\u00fdm, \u017ee sebe alebo tretej osobe <strong>zaobstar\u00e1 neopr\u00e1vnen\u00fd majetkov\u00fd prospech<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad ponechan\u00edm, pou\u017eit\u00edm, odovzdan\u00edm alebo zhodnoten\u00edm zveren\u00e9ho majetku. Rozhoduj\u00face je, \u017ee p\u00e1chate\u013e vie alebo akceptuje, \u017ee mu tento prospech <strong>pr\u00e1vne nepatr\u00ed<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pri <strong>hodnotovo kvalifikovan\u00fdch form\u00e1ch<\/strong> sprenevery sa \u00famysel mus\u00ed vz\u0165ahova\u0165 aj na <strong>hodnotu majetku<\/strong>. P\u00e1chate\u013e mus\u00ed aspo\u0148 po\u010d\u00edta\u0165 a zmieri\u0165 sa s t\u00fdm, \u017ee hodnota presahuje relevantn\u00fa hranicu 5 000 eur alebo pr\u00edpadne 300 000 eur. Posta\u010duje, ak vy\u0161\u0161iu hodnotu v\u00e1\u017ene pova\u017euje za mo\u017en\u00fa. Kto v\u0161ak v\u00e1\u017ene predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee majetok je v\u00fdrazne pod hodnotovou hranicou, subjekt\u00edvne kvalifikovan\u00fa formu nenapln\u00ed.   <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Subjekt\u00edvna skutkov\u00e1 podstata nie je splnen\u00e1, ak p\u00e1chate\u013e <strong>v dobrej viere predpoklad\u00e1<\/strong>, \u017ee je opr\u00e1vnen\u00fd pou\u017ei\u0165 majetok, ak predpoklad\u00e1 <strong>platn\u00fd s\u00fahlas<\/strong> opr\u00e1vnenej osoby alebo ak v\u00e1\u017ene ver\u00ed, \u017ee majetok pou\u017eije v r\u00e1mci dohodnut\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010delu. Rovnako ch\u00fdba \u00famysel, ak p\u00e1chate\u013e obohatenie alebo relevantn\u00fa hodnotu <strong>ani len neprip\u00fa\u0161\u0165a<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-schuld-amp-irrtumer\">Vina a omyly<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/trestne-pravo\/pravny-omyl\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Omyl v z\u00e1kaze<\/a>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Omyl v z\u00e1kaze ospravedl\u0148uje len vtedy, ak bol <strong>nevyhnutn\u00fd<\/strong>. Kto kon\u00e1 sp\u00f4sobom, ktor\u00fd <strong>zjavne zasahuje do pr\u00e1v in\u00fdch<\/strong>, nem\u00f4\u017ee sa odvol\u00e1va\u0165 na to, \u017ee si neuvedomil protipr\u00e1vnos\u0165. Ka\u017ed\u00fd je povinn\u00fd informova\u0165 sa o <strong>pr\u00e1vnych hraniciach<\/strong> svojho konania. Oby\u010dajn\u00e1 neznalos\u0165 alebo \u013eahkomyse\u013en\u00fd omyl nezbavuje zodpovednosti.   <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Princ\u00edp viny:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trestn\u00fd je len ten, kto kon\u00e1 <strong>zavinen\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom<\/strong>. \u00damyseln\u00e9 trestn\u00e9 \u010diny vy\u017eaduj\u00fa, aby p\u00e1chate\u013e poznal podstatn\u00fd priebeh udalost\u00ed a aspo\u0148 <strong>vedome ho akceptoval<\/strong>. Ak tento \u00famysel ch\u00fdba, napr\u00edklad preto, \u017ee p\u00e1chate\u013e sa mylne domnieva, \u017ee jeho konanie je povolen\u00e9 alebo je <strong>dobrovo\u013ene podporovan\u00e9<\/strong>, ide nanajv\u00fd\u0161 o nedbanlivos\u0165. T\u00e1to v\u0161ak pri \u00famyseln\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010dinoch nie je dostato\u010dn\u00e1.   <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Nepr\u00ed\u010detnos\u0165:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vina nepostihuje nikoho, kto v \u010dase sp\u00e1chania \u010dinu nebol schopn\u00fd pochopi\u0165 protipr\u00e1vnos\u0165 svojho konania alebo kona\u0165 pod\u013ea tohto poznania z d\u00f4vodu <strong>\u0165a\u017ekej du\u0161evnej poruchy<\/strong>, <strong>chorobnej du\u0161evnej poruchy<\/strong> alebo <strong>zna\u010dnej neschopnosti ovl\u00e1da\u0165 svoje konanie<\/strong>. V pr\u00edpade pochybnost\u00ed sa vy\u017eiada <strong>psychiatrick\u00fd posudok<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/trestne-pravo\/ospravedlnujuca-nudza\/\">Ospravedl\u0148uj\u00faca n\u00fadza<\/a>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ospravedl\u0148uj\u00faca n\u00fadza m\u00f4\u017ee nasta\u0165, ak p\u00e1chate\u013e kon\u00e1 v <strong>extr\u00e9mnej tiesni<\/strong>, aby odvr\u00e1til <strong>ak\u00fatne nebezpe\u010denstvo<\/strong> pre vlastn\u00fd \u017eivot alebo \u017eivot in\u00fdch. Konanie zost\u00e1va protipr\u00e1vne, ale m\u00f4\u017ee p\u00f4sobi\u0165 <strong>zni\u017euj\u00faco na vinu<\/strong> alebo ospravedl\u0148uj\u00faco, ak neexistovala in\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/trestne-pravo\/mylna-domnienka-o-ospravedlnujucej-skutocnosti\/\">Putat\u00edvna nutn\u00e1 obrana<\/a>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kto sa mylne domnieva, \u017ee je opr\u00e1vnen\u00fd k obrann\u00e9mu konaniu, kon\u00e1 bez \u00famyslu, ak bol omyl <strong>v\u00e1\u017eny a opodstatnen\u00fd<\/strong>. Tak\u00fdto omyl m\u00f4\u017ee <strong>zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 alebo vyl\u00fa\u010di\u0165 vinu<\/strong>. Ak v\u0161ak zostane poru\u0161enie povinnosti starostlivosti, prich\u00e1dza do \u00favahy nedbanliv\u00e9 alebo trest zni\u017euj\u00face pos\u00fadenie, nie v\u0161ak ospravedlnenie.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafaufhebung-amp-diversion\">Zru\u0161enie trestu a odklon<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-diversion\">Diverzia:<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Odklonenie v pr\u00edpade <strong>sprenevery pod\u013ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=133&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a><\/strong> v z\u00e1sade <strong>nie je vyl\u00fa\u010den\u00e9<\/strong>, prich\u00e1dza v\u0161ak do \u00favahy <strong>zdr\u017eanlivo<\/strong>. Skutkov\u00e1 podstata predpoklad\u00e1 <strong>\u00famyseln\u00e9 poru\u0161enie d\u00f4very<\/strong>, ke\u010f\u017ee zveren\u00fd majetok je protipr\u00e1vne prisvojen\u00fd. S t\u00fdm je pravidelne spojen\u00e1 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 miera protipr\u00e1vnosti, ktor\u00e1 odklonov\u00e9 rie\u0161enie umo\u017e\u0148uje len obmedzene.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V pr\u00edpadoch, ke\u010f <strong>je hodnota spreneveren\u00e9ho majetku n\u00edzka<\/strong>, p\u00e1chate\u013e <strong>sa prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t dopust\u00ed priestupku<\/strong>, <strong>kon\u00e1 s pochopen\u00edm<\/strong> a <strong>sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 \u0161koda je r\u00fdchlo a \u00faplne nahraden\u00e1<\/strong>, m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 odklonenie napriek tomu presk\u00faman\u00e9. S rast\u00facou v\u00fd\u0161kou \u0161kody, najm\u00e4 pri prekro\u010den\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00fdch limitov hodnoty, ako aj pri cielenom alebo dlhodobom konan\u00ed, pravdepodobnos\u0165 odklonov\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia v\u00fdrazne kles\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Odklon mo\u017eno presk\u00fama\u0165, ak<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li> <strong>celkov\u00e1 vina je n\u00edzka<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>majetkov\u00e1 \u0161koda je primeran\u00e1<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>nebolo z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom zneu\u017eit\u00e9 \u017eiadne osobitn\u00e9 postavenie d\u00f4very<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>nenastali \u017eiadne z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>neexistuje pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 alebo opakovan\u00e9 konanie<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>skutkov\u00fd stav je jasn\u00fd a jednoduch\u00fd<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>p\u00e1chate\u013e je ch\u00e1pav\u00fd, kooperat\u00edvny a ochotn\u00fd k n\u00e1hrade \u0161kody<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak prich\u00e1dza do \u00favahy odklonenie, s\u00fad m\u00f4\u017ee nariadi\u0165 <strong>pe\u0148a\u017en\u00e9 plnenia<\/strong>, <strong>verejnoprospe\u0161n\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce<\/strong>, <strong>pokyny na doh\u013ead<\/strong> alebo <strong>vyrovnanie s po\u0161koden\u00fdm<\/strong>. Odklonenie nevedie <strong>k \u017eiadnemu ods\u00fadeniu a k \u017eiadnemu z\u00e1znamu v registri trestov<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ausschluss-der-diversion\">Vyl\u00fa\u010denie diverzie:<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Odklon je vyl\u00fa\u010den\u00fd, ak<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li> <strong>nastala zna\u010dn\u00e1 majetkov\u00e1 \u0161koda<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>boli v\u00fdrazne prekro\u010den\u00e9 z\u00e1konn\u00e9 limity hodnoty<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>bolo zneu\u017eit\u00e9 obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 postavenie d\u00f4very<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>\u010din bol sp\u00e1chan\u00fd \u00famyselne, cielene alebo dlhodobo<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>existuje viacero samostatn\u00fdch spreneverov\u00fdch \u010dinov<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>ide o opakovan\u00e9 alebo systematick\u00e9 konanie<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>pristupuj\u00fa osobitn\u00e9 pri\u0165a\u017euj\u00face okolnosti<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>celkov\u00e9 konanie predstavuje z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 poru\u0161enie cudz\u00edch majetkov\u00fdch z\u00e1ujmov<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Len pri <strong>v\u00fdrazne najni\u017e\u0161ej vine<\/strong>, <strong>r\u00fdchlej n\u00e1hrade \u0161kody<\/strong> a <strong>jasnom uvedomen\u00ed<\/strong> mo\u017eno v jednotliv\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch presk\u00fama\u0165, \u010di je v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00fd odklonov\u00fd postup pr\u00edpustn\u00fd. V praxi je odklonenie pod\u013ea <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=133&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a> mo\u017en\u00e9<\/strong>, ale <strong>pr\u00edsne obmedzen\u00e9<\/strong> a silne z\u00e1vis\u00ed od konkr\u00e9tnych okolnost\u00ed pr\u00edpadu. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafzumessung-amp-folgen\">Ukladanie trestu a n\u00e1sledky<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00fad ur\u010duje trest pod\u013ea <strong>rozsahu z\u00e1sahu do majetku<\/strong>, pod\u013ea <strong>druhu, trvania a intenzity protipr\u00e1vneho prisvojenia<\/strong>, ako aj pod\u013ea toho, <strong>ako silno zneu\u017eitie zveren\u00e9ho majetku<\/strong> ovplyvnilo ekonomick\u00e9 postavenie opr\u00e1vnenej osoby. Rozhoduj\u00face je, \u010di p\u00e1chate\u013e konal <strong>cielene, pl\u00e1novane alebo opakovane<\/strong> a \u010di konanie sp\u00f4sobilo <strong>cite\u013en\u00fa majetkov\u00fa ujmu<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-erschwerungsgrunde-bestehen-insbesondere-wenn\">Pri\u0165a\u017euj\u00face okolnosti existuj\u00fa najm\u00e4, ak<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>prisvojenie <strong>pokra\u010dovalo po dlh\u0161iu dobu<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>i\u0161lo o <strong>systematick\u00fd alebo obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 vytrval\u00fd postup<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vznikla <strong>zna\u010dn\u00e1 majetkov\u00e1 \u0161koda<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>bolo dotknut\u00fdch viacero zveren\u00fdch majetkov alebo <strong>ekonomicky v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch hodn\u00f4t<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>napriek jednozna\u010dn\u00fdm upozorneniam alebo v\u00fdzvam <strong>nedo\u0161lo k vr\u00e1teniu<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>bolo zneu\u017eit\u00e9 <strong>osobitn\u00e9 postavenie d\u00f4very<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad v r\u00e1mci pracovn\u00e9ho, obchodn\u00e9ho alebo z\u00e1visl\u00e9ho vz\u0165ahu,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>alebo existuj\u00fa <strong>relevantn\u00e9 predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face ods\u00fadenia<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-milderungsgrunde-sind-etwa\">Po\u013eah\u010duj\u00face okolnosti s\u00fa napr\u00edklad<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>bez\u00fahonnos\u0165,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00fapln\u00e9 <strong>priznanie<\/strong> a rozpoznate\u013en\u00e9 pochopenie,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>v\u010dasn\u00e9 vr\u00e1tenie<\/strong> alebo ukon\u010denie protipr\u00e1vneho konania,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>akt\u00edvne snahy o n\u00e1pravu<\/strong> alebo \u00fahradu \u0161kody,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>osobitn\u00e9 stresov\u00e9 alebo pre\u0165a\u017euj\u00face situ\u00e1cie u p\u00e1chate\u013ea,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>alebo <strong>pr\u00edli\u0161 dlh\u00e9 trvanie konania<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00fad m\u00f4\u017ee trest od\u0148atia slobody <strong>podmiene\u010dne odlo\u017ei\u0165<\/strong>, ak nepresahuje dva roky a p\u00e1chate\u013e vykazuje <strong>pozit\u00edvnu soci\u00e1lnu progn\u00f3zu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eOdklon nie je automatizmus. Pl\u00e1novan\u00fd postup, opakovanie alebo cite\u013en\u00e1 majetkov\u00e1 \u0161koda v praxi \u010dasto vylu\u010duj\u00fa odklonov\u00e9 rie\u0161enie. \u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafrahmen\">Trestn\u00e1 sadzba<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sprenevera pod\u013ea \u00a7 133 ods. 1 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona tvor\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00fa skutkov\u00fa podstatu. Nast\u00e1va, ak je zveren\u00fd majetok \u00famyselne prisvojen\u00fd s cie\u013eom protipr\u00e1vne obohati\u0165 seba alebo tretiu osobu. Z\u00e1konn\u00e1 sadzba trestu je <strong>trest od\u0148atia slobody a\u017e na \u0161es\u0165 mesiacov alebo pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fd trest a\u017e do 360 denn\u00fdch sadzieb<\/strong>.   <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak <strong>hodnota spreneveren\u00e9ho majetku presahuje 5 000 \u20ac<\/strong>, uplat\u0148uje sa kvalifik\u00e1cia pod\u013ea hodnoty pod\u013ea \u00a7 133 ods. 2 prv\u00e9ho pr\u00edpadu Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona. V t\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch sa sadzba trestu zvy\u0161uje na <strong>trest od\u0148atia slobody a\u017e na tri roky<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00faca je v\u00fdlu\u010dne objekt\u00edvna hodnota zveren\u00e9ho majetku v \u010dase sp\u00e1chania \u010dinu.   <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak <strong>hodnota spreneveren\u00e9ho majetku presahuje 300 000 \u20ac<\/strong>, ide o obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fa formu sprenevery pod\u013ea \u00a7 133 ods. 2 druh\u00e9ho pr\u00edpadu Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona. Z\u00e1kon pre tento pr\u00edpad stanovuje v\u00fdrazne spr\u00edsnen\u00fa sadzbu trestu <strong>od jedn\u00e9ho do desiatich rokov od\u0148atia slobody<\/strong>. Pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fd trest v tejto kon\u0161tel\u00e1cii u\u017e nie je predv\u00eddan\u00fd.   <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fd\u0161ka trestu sa riadi v\u00fdlu\u010dne <strong>hodnotou zveren\u00e9ho a prisvojen\u00e9ho majetku<\/strong>. \u010eal\u0161ie modality sp\u00e1chania \u010dinu nezakladaj\u00fa samostatn\u00e9 kvalifik\u00e1cie, m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 v\u0161ak zoh\u013eadnen\u00e9 v r\u00e1mci ur\u010dovania trestu. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-geldstrafe-tagessatzsystem\">Pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fd trest \u2013 syst\u00e9m denn\u00fdch sadzieb<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rak\u00faske trestn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo vypo\u010d\u00edtava pe\u0148a\u017en\u00e9 tresty pod\u013ea <strong>syst\u00e9mu denn\u00fdch sadzieb<\/strong>. <strong>Po\u010det denn\u00fdch sadzieb<\/strong> sa riadi <strong>vinou<\/strong>, <strong>suma za de\u0148<\/strong> sa riadi <strong>finan\u010dnou schopnos\u0165ou<\/strong>. Trest sa tak prisp\u00f4sobuje osobn\u00fdm pomerom a napriek tomu zost\u00e1va cite\u013en\u00fd.  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Rozsah:<\/strong> a\u017e do <strong>720 denn\u00fdch sadzieb<\/strong> \u2013 minim\u00e1lne <strong>4 \u20ac<\/strong>, maxim\u00e1lne <strong>5 000 \u20ac<\/strong> za de\u0148.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Praktick\u00fd vzorec:<\/strong> Pribli\u017ene <strong>6 mesiacov od\u0148atia slobody zodpoved\u00e1 pribli\u017ene 360 denn\u00fdm sadzb\u00e1m<\/strong>. Tento prepo\u010det sl\u00fa\u017ei len ako <strong>orient\u00e1cia<\/strong> a <strong>nie je pevnou sch\u00e9mou<\/strong>. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pri nezaplaten\u00ed:<\/strong> S\u00fad m\u00f4\u017ee ulo\u017ei\u0165 <strong>n\u00e1hradn\u00fd trest od\u0148atia slobody<\/strong>. Spravidla plat\u00ed: <strong>1 de\u0148 n\u00e1hradn\u00e9ho trestu od\u0148atia slobody zodpoved\u00e1 2 denn\u00fdm sadzb\u00e1m<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-hinweis\">Pozn\u00e1mka:<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pri  <strong>sprenevere pod\u013ea \u00a7 133 ods. 1 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona <\/strong>  je pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fd trest v\u00fdslovne predv\u00eddan\u00fd a v praxi \u010dast\u00fd, najm\u00e4 pri ni\u017e\u0161ej vine, prvop\u00e1chate\u013estve alebo \u00faplnej n\u00e1hrade \u0161kody.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pri  <strong>sprenevere kvalifikovanej pod\u013ea hodnoty pod\u013ea \u00a7 133 ods. 2 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona <\/strong>  pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fd trest v\u0161ak v\u00fdrazne ustupuje do pozadia. S rast\u00facou v\u00fd\u0161kou \u0161kody a najm\u00e4 pri prekro\u010den\u00ed hodnotovej hranice <strong>300 000 \u20ac<\/strong> prich\u00e1dza pravidelne do \u00favahy u\u017e len <strong>trest od\u0148atia slobody<\/strong>. Pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fd trest v t\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch z\u00e1konne u\u017e nie je predv\u00eddan\u00fd alebo je fakticky vyl\u00fa\u010den\u00fd.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-freiheitsstrafe-amp-teil-bedingte-nachsicht\">Trest od\u0148atia slobody a (\u010diasto\u010dne) podmiene\u010dn\u00e9 odpustenie<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a7 37 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona: Ak z\u00e1konn\u00e1 sadzba trestu siaha <strong>a\u017e do piatich rokov od\u0148atia slobody<\/strong>, s\u00fad m\u00f4\u017ee <strong>namiesto kr\u00e1tkeho trestu od\u0148atia slobody najviac na jeden rok ulo\u017ei\u0165 pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fd trest<\/strong>. T\u00e1to mo\u017enos\u0165 preto existuje <strong>aj pri sprenevere pod\u013ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=133&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a><\/strong>, najm\u00e4 pri z\u00e1kladnej forme s n\u00edzkou vinou a obmedzenou majetkovou \u0161kodou. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pri <strong>vysok\u00fdch kvalifik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch pod\u013ea hodnoty so z\u00e1konnou minim\u00e1lnou sadzbou od\u0148atia slobody<\/strong> je uplatnenie vyl\u00fa\u010den\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a7 43 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona: Trest od\u0148atia slobody mo\u017eno <strong>podmiene\u010dne odlo\u017ei\u0165<\/strong>, ak <strong>nepresahuje dva roky<\/strong> a p\u00e1chate\u013eovi prisl\u00facha <strong>pozit\u00edvna soci\u00e1lna progn\u00f3za<\/strong>. T\u00e1to mo\u017enos\u0165 existuje <strong>aj pri sprenevere<\/strong>. Podmiene\u010dn\u00e9 odlo\u017eenie sa ude\u013euje zdr\u017eanlivej\u0161ie, ak bol \u010din sp\u00e1chan\u00fd <strong>pl\u00e1novane<\/strong>, <strong>opakovane<\/strong> alebo <strong>za v\u00fdrazne pri\u0165a\u017euj\u00facich okolnost\u00ed<\/strong>. Realistick\u00e9 je podmiene\u010dn\u00e9 odlo\u017eenie predov\u0161etk\u00fdm vtedy, ak <strong>bola \u0161koda \u00faplne nahraden\u00e1<\/strong>, p\u00e1chate\u013e je <strong>ch\u00e1pav\u00fd<\/strong> a \u010din sa pohybuje <strong>v dolnej hranici sadzby trestu<\/strong>.   <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a7 43a Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona: <strong>\u010ciasto\u010dne podmiene\u010dn\u00e9 odlo\u017eenie<\/strong> umo\u017e\u0148uje kombin\u00e1ciu <strong>nepodmiene\u010dnej a podmiene\u010dne odlo\u017eenej \u010dasti trestu<\/strong>. Je mo\u017en\u00e9 pri trestoch <strong>nad \u0161es\u0165 mesiacov a do dvoch rokov<\/strong>.<br\/>Pri sprenevere m\u00f4\u017ee t\u00e1to forma nadobudn\u00fa\u0165 v\u00fdznam najm\u00e4 vtedy, ak <strong>trest primeran\u00fd vine je medzi \u0161iestimi mesiacmi a dvoma rokmi<\/strong>. V pr\u00edpadoch s <strong>minim\u00e1lnou sadzbou od\u0148atia slobody<\/strong> je pravidelne vyl\u00fa\u010den\u00e1.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/trestne-pravo\/probacia-a-nariadenia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7\u00a7 50 a\u017e 52 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona:<\/a> S\u00fad m\u00f4\u017ee <strong>udeli\u0165 pokyny<\/strong> a <strong>nariadi\u0165 proba\u010dn\u00fd doh\u013ead<\/strong>. \u010casto sa t\u00fdkaj\u00fa <strong>n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody<\/strong>, <strong>vr\u00e1tenia alebo vydania spreneveren\u00e9ho majetku<\/strong>, <strong>zabr\u00e1nenia \u010fal\u0161\u00edm majetkov\u00fdm trestn\u00fdm \u010dinom<\/strong> alebo <strong>\u0161truktur\u00e1lnych opatren\u00ed<\/strong>. Cie\u013eom je <strong>nahradi\u0165 vzniknut\u00fa \u0161kodu<\/strong> a <strong>zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 bud\u00facim trestn\u00fdm \u010dinom<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-zustandigkeit-der-gerichte\">Pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165 s\u00fadov<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sachliche-zustandigkeit\">Vecn\u00e1 pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pre <strong>spreneveru pod\u013ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=133&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a><\/strong> sa vecn\u00e1 pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165 riadi predv\u00eddanou sadzbou trestu. Pri   <strong>z\u00e1kladnej skutkovej podstate \u00a7 133 ods. 1 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona <\/strong>  s hrozbou trestu <strong>od\u0148atia slobody a\u017e na \u0161es\u0165 mesiacov alebo pe\u0148a\u017en\u00e9ho trestu a\u017e do 360 denn\u00fdch sadzieb<\/strong> je v z\u00e1sade <strong>pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd okresn\u00fd s\u00fad<\/strong>. Hrozba trestu nepresahuje jednoduch\u00fa oblas\u0165 pr\u00edslu\u0161nosti. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak ide o  <strong>kvalifik\u00e1ciu pod\u013ea hodnoty pod\u013ea \u00a7 133 ods. 2 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona <\/strong>  , preto\u017ee hodnota spreneveren\u00e9ho majetku <strong>presahuje 5 000 \u20ac<\/strong>, sadzba trestu sa zvy\u0161uje na <strong>trest od\u0148atia slobody a\u017e na tri roky<\/strong>. V t\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch je <strong>pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd krajsk\u00fd s\u00fad ako samosudca<\/strong>, ke\u010f\u017ee hrozba trestu presahuje pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165 okresn\u00e9ho s\u00fadu. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak hodnota spreneveren\u00e9ho majetku <strong>presahuje 300 000 \u20ac<\/strong>, \u00a7 133 ods. 2 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona stanovuje <strong>trest od\u0148atia slobody od jedn\u00e9ho do desiatich rokov<\/strong>. Z d\u00f4vodu tejto hrozby trestu je <strong>pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd s\u00fad so sen\u00e1tom pr\u00edsediacich<\/strong>. Rozhodnutie samosudcom tu u\u017e neprich\u00e1dza do \u00favahy.   <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> <strong>Porotn\u00fd s\u00fad<\/strong> nie je pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd, preto\u017ee ani najvy\u0161\u0161ia sadzba trestu pod\u013ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=133&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a> nedosahuje z\u00e1konn\u00fa prahov\u00fa hodnotu pre jeho pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-peter-harlander\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/ph100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Peter Harlander<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eS\u00fadna pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165 sa riadi v\u00fdlu\u010dne z\u00e1konn\u00fdm poriadkom pr\u00edslu\u0161nosti. Rozhoduj\u00faca je trestn\u00e1 sadzba, miesto \u010dinu a procesn\u00e1 pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165, nie subjekt\u00edvne pos\u00fadenie z\u00fa\u010dastnen\u00fdch str\u00e1n alebo skuto\u010dn\u00e1 zlo\u017eitos\u0165 skutkov\u00e9ho stavu. \u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ortliche-zustandigkeit\">Miestna pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Miestne pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd je v z\u00e1sade <strong>s\u00fad v mieste sp\u00e1chania \u010dinu<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00face je miesto, <strong>kde bol zveren\u00fd majetok protipr\u00e1vne prisvojen\u00fd<\/strong>, teda tam, kde sa poru\u0161enie d\u00f4very prejavilo v externom konan\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak miesto \u010dinu nemo\u017eno jednozna\u010dne ur\u010di\u0165, pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165 sa riadi pod\u013ea<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>bydliska obvinenej osoby<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>miesta zatknutia<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>alebo <strong>s\u00eddlu vecne pr\u00edslu\u0161nej prokurat\u00fary<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Konanie sa vedie tam, kde je najlep\u0161ie zabezpe\u010den\u00e9 <strong>\u00fa\u010deln\u00e9 a riadne vykonanie<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-instanzenzug\">Odvolacie konanie<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Proti rozsudkom <strong>okresn\u00e9ho s\u00fadu<\/strong> alebo <strong>krajsk\u00e9ho s\u00fadu ako samosudcu<\/strong> s\u00fa k dispoz\u00edcii <strong>z\u00e1konn\u00e9 opravn\u00e9 prostriedky odvolania<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak bola sprenevera prejedn\u00e1van\u00e1 pred <strong>s\u00fadom so sen\u00e1tom pr\u00edsediacich<\/strong>, s\u00fa pr\u00edpustn\u00e9 <strong>odvolanie a s\u0165a\u017enos\u0165 pre poru\u0161enie z\u00e1kona<\/strong>. Pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd na rozhodovanie je v t\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch <strong>Najvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed s\u00fad<\/strong>, pokia\u013e s\u00fa splnen\u00e9 z\u00e1konn\u00e9 predpoklady. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-zivilanspruche-im-strafverfahren\">Ob\u010dianskopr\u00e1vne n\u00e1roky v trestnom konan\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pri <strong>sprenevere pod\u013ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=133&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a><\/strong> m\u00f4\u017ee po\u0161koden\u00e1 osoba ako <strong>s\u00fakromn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk<\/strong> uplatni\u0165 svoje ob\u010dianskopr\u00e1vne n\u00e1roky priamo v trestnom konan\u00ed. Ke\u010f\u017ee ide o <strong>protipr\u00e1vne nakladanie so zveren\u00fdm majetkom<\/strong>, n\u00e1roky sa t\u00fdkaj\u00fa najm\u00e4 <strong>hodnoty spreneveren\u00e9ho majetku<\/strong>, <strong>n\u00e1hrady za vzniknut\u00e9 majetkov\u00e9 ujmy<\/strong>, ako aj <strong>\u010fal\u0161\u00edch \u0161k\u00f4d<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 vznikli protipr\u00e1vnym prisvojen\u00edm. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V z\u00e1vislosti od skutkov\u00e9ho stavu m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 uplatnen\u00e9 aj <strong>n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 \u0161kody<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad ak bol zveren\u00fd majetok ur\u010den\u00fd na profesion\u00e1lne, prev\u00e1dzkov\u00e9 alebo ekonomicky podstatn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely a jeho sprenevera viedla k <strong>cite\u013en\u00fdm finan\u010dn\u00fdm nev\u00fdhod\u00e1m<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> <strong>Pripojenie s\u00fakromn\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edka<\/strong> preru\u0161uje preml\u010danie uplatnen\u00fdch n\u00e1rokov na dobu trvania trestn\u00e9ho konania. A\u017e po jeho pr\u00e1voplatnom ukon\u010den\u00ed plynie preml\u010dacia lehota \u010falej, pokia\u013e \u0161koda nebola \u00faplne priznan\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> <strong>Dobrovo\u013en\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad <strong>vr\u00e1ten\u00edm majetku<\/strong>, <strong>n\u00e1hradou hodnoty<\/strong> alebo <strong>v\u00e1\u017enym \u00fasil\u00edm o n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody<\/strong>, m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 <strong>zmier\u0148uj\u00faci \u00fa\u010dinok na trest<\/strong>, pokia\u013e sa uskuto\u010dn\u00ed <strong>v\u010das a \u00faplne<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak v\u0161ak p\u00e1chate\u013e konal <strong>cielene<\/strong>, <strong>po dlh\u0161iu dobu<\/strong> alebo sp\u00f4sobom, ktor\u00fd viedol k <strong>zna\u010dnej majetkovej \u0161kode<\/strong>, neskor\u0161ia n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody pravidelne str\u00e1ca <strong>podstatn\u00fa \u010das\u0165 svojho zmier\u0148uj\u00faceho \u00fa\u010dinku<\/strong>. V tak\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch m\u00f4\u017ee dodato\u010dn\u00e9 vyrovnanie u\u017e len obmedzene kompenzova\u0165 <strong>poru\u0161enie d\u00f4very a protipr\u00e1vnos\u0165 \u010dinu<\/strong>. <\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eN\u00e1roky s\u00fakromn\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov musia by\u0165 jasne vy\u010d\u00edslen\u00e9 a dolo\u017een\u00e9. Bez riadnej dokument\u00e1cie \u0161kody zost\u00e1va n\u00e1rok na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody v trestnom konan\u00ed \u010dasto ne\u00fapln\u00fd a pres\u00fava sa do ob\u010dianskeho konania. \u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafverfahren-im-uberblick\">Preh\u013ead trestn\u00e9ho konania<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ermittlungsbeginn\">Za\u010diatok vy\u0161etrovania<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trestn\u00e9 konanie predpoklad\u00e1 konkr\u00e9tne podozrenie, od ktor\u00e9ho sa osoba pova\u017euje za obvinen\u00e9ho a m\u00f4\u017ee uplatni\u0165 v\u0161etky pr\u00e1va obvinen\u00e9ho. Ke\u010f\u017ee ide o <strong>trestn\u00fd \u010din st\u00edhan\u00fd z \u00faradnej moci<\/strong>, pol\u00edcia a prokurat\u00fara za\u010dn\u00fa konanie <strong>z \u00faradnej moci<\/strong>, akon\u00e1hle existuje zodpovedaj\u00face podozrenie. Osobitn\u00e9 vyhl\u00e1senie po\u0161koden\u00e9ho na to nie je potrebn\u00e9.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-polizei-und-staatsanwaltschaft\">Pol\u00edcia a prokurat\u00fara<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prokurat\u00fara vedie vy\u0161etrovanie a ur\u010duje \u010fal\u0161\u00ed priebeh. Krimin\u00e1lna pol\u00edcia vykon\u00e1va potrebn\u00e9 vy\u0161etrovania, zabezpe\u010duje stopy, zbiera svedeck\u00e9 v\u00fdpovede a dokumentuje \u0161kodu. Na konci prokurat\u00fara rozhoduje o <strong>zastaven\u00ed konania<\/strong>, <strong>odklone<\/strong> alebo <strong>ob\u017ealobe<\/strong>, v z\u00e1vislosti od miery zavinenia, v\u00fd\u0161ky \u0161kody a d\u00f4kaznej situ\u00e1cie.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-beschuldigtenvernehmung\">V\u00fdsluch obvinen\u00e9ho<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pred ka\u017ed\u00fdm v\u00fdsluchom dostane obvinen\u00e1 osoba \u00fapln\u00e9 pou\u010denie o svojich pr\u00e1vach, najm\u00e4 o <strong>pr\u00e1ve ml\u010da\u0165<\/strong> a o <strong>pr\u00e1ve na obhajcu<\/strong>. Ak obvinen\u00fd \u017eiada obhajcu, v\u00fdsluch sa mus\u00ed odlo\u017ei\u0165. Form\u00e1lny v\u00fdsluch obvinen\u00e9ho sl\u00fa\u017ei na konfront\u00e1ciu s obvinen\u00edm z trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu a na poskytnutie mo\u017enosti vyjadri\u0165 sa.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-akteneinsicht\">Nahliadnutie do spisu<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nahliadnutie do spisu je mo\u017en\u00e9 na pol\u00edcii, prokurat\u00fare alebo s\u00fade. Zah\u0155\u0148a aj d\u00f4kazn\u00e9 predmety, pokia\u013e t\u00fdm nie je ohrozen\u00fd \u00fa\u010del vy\u0161etrovania. Pripojenie s\u00fakromn\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edka sa riadi v\u0161eobecn\u00fdmi pravidlami Trestn\u00e9ho poriadku a umo\u017e\u0148uje po\u0161koden\u00e9mu uplatni\u0165 n\u00e1roky na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody priamo v trestnom konan\u00ed.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-hauptverhandlung\">Hlavn\u00e9 pojedn\u00e1vanie<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hlavn\u00e9 pojedn\u00e1vanie sl\u00fa\u017ei na \u00fastne dokazovanie, pr\u00e1vne pos\u00fadenie a rozhodnutie o pr\u00edpadn\u00fdch ob\u010dianskopr\u00e1vnych n\u00e1rokoch. S\u00fad preveruje najm\u00e4 priebeh \u010dinu, \u00famysel, v\u00fd\u0161ku \u0161kody a vierohodnos\u0165 v\u00fdpoved\u00ed. Konanie sa uzatv\u00e1ra rozsudkom o vine, osloboden\u00edm alebo odklonom.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-beschuldigtenrechte\">Pr\u00e1va obvinen\u00e9ho<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Inform\u00e1cie a obhajoba:<\/strong> Pr\u00e1vo na ozn\u00e1menie, pr\u00e1vnu pomoc, slobodn\u00fa vo\u013ebu obhajcu, prekladate\u013esk\u00fa pomoc, n\u00e1vrhy na d\u00f4kazy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ml\u010danie a advok\u00e1t:<\/strong> Pr\u00e1vo ml\u010da\u0165 kedyko\u013evek; pri prizvan\u00ed obhajcu sa v\u00fdsluch odklad\u00e1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pou\u010dovacia povinnos\u0165:<\/strong> v\u010dasn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie o podozren\u00ed\/pr\u00e1vach; v\u00fdnimky len na zabezpe\u010denie \u00fa\u010delu vy\u0161etrovania.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nahliadnutie do spisu v praxi:<\/strong> Vy\u0161etrovacie a hlavn\u00e9 konanie; nahliadnutie tret\u00edch str\u00e1n obmedzen\u00e9 v prospech obvinen\u00e9ho.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eSpr\u00e1vne kroky v prv\u00fdch 48 hodin\u00e1ch \u010dasto rozhoduj\u00fa o tom, \u010di sa konanie eskaluje alebo zostane kontrolovate\u013en\u00e9.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-praxis-amp-verhaltenstipps\">Prax a tipy na spr\u00e1vanie<\/h2>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Zachovajte ml\u010danie.<\/strong><br\/>Sta\u010d\u00ed kr\u00e1tke vysvetlenie: \u201eUplat\u0148ujem svoje pr\u00e1vo ml\u010da\u0165 a najprv sa porozpr\u00e1vam so svojou obhajobou.\u201c Toto pr\u00e1vo plat\u00ed u\u017e od prv\u00e9ho v\u00fdsluchu pol\u00edciou alebo prokurat\u00farou. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Okam\u017eite kontaktujte obhajobu.<\/strong><br\/>Bez nahliadnutia do vy\u0161etrovac\u00edch spisov by sa nemala pod\u00e1va\u0165 \u017eiadna v\u00fdpove\u010f. A\u017e po nahliadnut\u00ed do spisu m\u00f4\u017ee obhajoba pos\u00fadi\u0165, ak\u00e1 strat\u00e9gia a ak\u00e9 zabezpe\u010denie d\u00f4kazov s\u00fa zmyslupln\u00e9. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Okam\u017eite zabezpe\u010dte d\u00f4kazy.<\/strong><br\/>V\u0161etky dostupn\u00e9 dokumenty, spr\u00e1vy, fotografie, vide\u00e1 a in\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy by ste mali \u010do najsk\u00f4r zabezpe\u010di\u0165 a uchova\u0165 v k\u00f3pii. Digit\u00e1lne \u00fadaje je potrebn\u00e9 pravidelne z\u00e1lohova\u0165 a chr\u00e1ni\u0165 pred n\u00e1sledn\u00fdmi zmenami. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 osoby si poznamenajte ako mo\u017en\u00fdch svedkov a priebeh udalost\u00ed si v\u010das zaznamenajte do pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9ho protokolu.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nenadv\u00e4zujte kontakt s protistranou.<\/strong><br\/>Va\u0161e vlastn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy, hovory alebo pr\u00edspevky m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00e9 ako d\u00f4kaz proti v\u00e1m. V\u0161etka komunik\u00e1cia by mala prebieha\u0165 v\u00fdlu\u010dne prostredn\u00edctvom obhajoby. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Video a d\u00e1tov\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy v\u010das zabezpe\u010dte.<\/strong><br\/>Monitorovacie vide\u00e1 vo verejnej doprave, podnikoch alebo od spr\u00e1vcov budov sa \u010dasto po nieko\u013ek\u00fdch d\u0148och automaticky vyma\u017e\u00fa. \u017diadosti o zabezpe\u010denie d\u00e1t preto musia by\u0165 okam\u017eite podan\u00e9 prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013eom, pol\u00edcii alebo prokurat\u00fare. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dokumentujte prehliadky a zaistenia.<\/strong><br\/>Pri domov\u00fdch prehliadkach alebo zaisteniach by ste mali po\u017eadova\u0165 k\u00f3piu pr\u00edkazu alebo z\u00e1pisnice. Zaznamenajte d\u00e1tum, \u010das, z\u00fa\u010dastnen\u00e9 osoby a v\u0161etky odnesen\u00e9 predmety. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pri zatknut\u00ed: \u017eiadne vyjadrenia k veci.<\/strong><br\/>Trvajte na okam\u017eitom ozn\u00e1men\u00ed va\u0161ej obhajobe. Vy\u0161etrovacia v\u00e4zba smie by\u0165 ulo\u017een\u00e1 len pri d\u00f4vodnom podozren\u00ed z trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu a dodato\u010dnom d\u00f4vode v\u00e4zby. Miernej\u0161ie prostriedky (napr. s\u013eub, oznamovacia povinnos\u0165, z\u00e1kaz kontaktu) maj\u00fa prednos\u0165.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cielene pripravte n\u00e1pravu.<\/strong><br\/>Platby, symbolick\u00e9 plnenia, ospravedlnenia alebo in\u00e9 ponuky vyrovnania by sa mali vybavova\u0165 a dokladova\u0165 v\u00fdlu\u010dne prostredn\u00edctvom obhajoby. \u0160trukt\u00farovan\u00e1 n\u00e1prava m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 pozit\u00edvny vplyv na odklon a ur\u010denie trestu. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-peter-harlander\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/ph100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Peter Harlander<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eKto kon\u00e1 uv\u00e1\u017eene, zabezpe\u010duje d\u00f4kazy a v\u010das vyh\u013ead\u00e1 pr\u00e1vnu pomoc, udr\u017eiava kontrolu nad konan\u00edm.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ihre-vorteile-mit-anwaltlicher-unterstutzung\">Va\u0161e v\u00fdhody s pr\u00e1vnou podporou<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sprenevera pod\u013ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=133&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a> predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee <strong>zveren\u00fd majetok je protipr\u00e1vne prisvojen\u00fd<\/strong> a dodato\u010dne existuje <strong>\u00famysel obohati\u0165 sa<\/strong>. Pr\u00e1vne pos\u00fadenie z\u00e1vis\u00ed predov\u0161etk\u00fdm od toho, <strong>\u010di skuto\u010dne existovalo zverenie<\/strong>, ako \u010faleko siahala udelen\u00e1 dispozi\u010dn\u00e1 pr\u00e1vomoc, <strong>\u010di ide o prekro\u010denie \u00fa\u010delu<\/strong> a ako sa prejavuje tvrden\u00e1 majetkov\u00e1 \u0161koda. U\u017e mal\u00e9 rozdiely v skuto\u010dnom priebehu m\u00f4\u017eu rozhodn\u00fa\u0165 o tom, \u010di je skutkov\u00e1 podstata naplnen\u00e1 alebo nie.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u010dasn\u00e1 pr\u00e1vna pomoc zabezpe\u010duje, \u017ee <strong>z\u00e1kladn\u00fd pr\u00e1vny vz\u0165ah je spr\u00e1vne zaraden\u00fd<\/strong>, skuto\u010dn\u00e9 nakladanie s majetkom je prec\u00edzne spracovan\u00e9 a <strong>po\u013eah\u010duj\u00face okolnosti s\u00fa pr\u00e1vne vyu\u017eite\u013en\u00e9<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Na\u0161a advok\u00e1tska kancel\u00e1ria<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> <strong>presk\u00fama<\/strong>, \u010di predpoklady sprenevery skuto\u010dne existuj\u00fa alebo \u010di ide len o ob\u010dianskopr\u00e1vny konflikt,<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li> <strong>analyzuje<\/strong>, \u010di existovalo zverenie v trestnopr\u00e1vnom zmysle a \u010di je tvrden\u00e9 prisvojenie objekt\u00edvne pochopite\u013en\u00e9,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>hodnot\u00ed<\/strong>, \u010di s\u00fa kvalifik\u00e1cie pod\u013ea hodnoty pr\u00e1vne udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9 a ako sa tieto prejavia na sadzbe trestu a konan\u00ed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> <strong>vypracuje<\/strong> jasn\u00fa obrann\u00fa strat\u00e9giu, ktor\u00e1 skutkov\u00fd stav \u00faplne, \u0161trukt\u00farovane a pr\u00e1vne prec\u00edzne zarad\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ako pr\u00e1vne zast\u00fapenie \u0161pecializovan\u00e9 na trestn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo zabezpe\u010dujeme, \u017ee <strong>obvinenie zo sprenevery je starostlivo presk\u00faman\u00e9<\/strong>, pr\u00e1vne spr\u00e1vne vymedzen\u00e9 a konanie je veden\u00e9 <strong>na spo\u013eahlivom skutkovom a d\u00f4kaznom z\u00e1klade<\/strong>.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201ePr\u00e1vna pomoc znamen\u00e1 jasne oddeli\u0165 skuto\u010dn\u00e9 udalosti od hodnoten\u00ed a na ich z\u00e1klade vyvin\u00fa\u0165 spo\u013eahliv\u00fa obrann\u00fa strat\u00e9giu.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-faq-haufig-gestellte-fragen\">\u010cast\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq uagb-faq__outer-wrap uagb-block-veruntreuung uagb-faq-icon-row uagb-faq-layout-accordion uagb-faq-expand-first-true uagb-faq-inactive-other-true uagb-faq__wrap uagb-buttons-layout-wrap uagb-faq-equal-height     \" data-faqtoggle=\"true\" role=\"tablist\"><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/harlander-partner.eu\\\/sk\\\/trestne-pravo\\\/sprenevera\\\/\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Kedy nast\\u00e1va sprenevera pod\\u013ea \\u00a7 133 Trestn\\u00e9ho z\\u00e1kona?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Sprenevera nast\\u00e1va, ak niekto majetok, ktor\\u00fd mu bol vedome zveren\\u00fd, protipr\\u00e1vne pou\\u017eije pre seba alebo pre tretiu osobu. Rozhoduj\\u00face je, \\u017ee majetok u\\u017e bol pr\\u00e1voplatne v jeho dispozi\\u010dnej pr\\u00e1vomoci, preto\\u017ee mu bol odovzdan\\u00fd alebo ponechan\\u00fd na \\u00faschovu. Trestn\\u00e9 je poru\\u0161enie d\\u00f4very prostredn\\u00edctvom \\u00fa\\u010delovo nevhodn\\u00e9ho prisvojenia, nie odcudzenie. \\u010ci bude majetok nesk\\u00f4r nahraden\\u00fd alebo vr\\u00e1ten\\u00fd, v\\u00e4\\u010d\\u0161inou nemen\\u00ed skutkov\\u00fa podstatu, m\\u00f4\\u017ee v\\u0161ak by\\u0165 relevantn\\u00e9 pre n\\u00e1sledky.   \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"\\u010co sa pova\\u017euje za zveren\\u00fd majetok pri sprenevere?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Zveren\\u00fd majetok je majetkov\\u00e1 hodnota, ktor\\u00e1 je osobe vedome zveren\\u00e1 s \\u00fa\\u010delov\\u00fdm viazan\\u00edm, napr\\u00edklad na \\u00faschovu, spr\\u00e1vu alebo \\u00fa\\u010delov\\u00e9 pou\\u017eitie. K tomu patria pe\\u0148a\\u017en\\u00e9 sumy, hmotn\\u00e9 veci a in\\u00e9 ekonomicky ocenite\\u013en\\u00e9 hodnoty. Rozhoduj\\u00face je, \\u017ee nebola udelen\\u00e1 vo\\u013en\\u00e1 dispozi\\u010dn\\u00e1 pr\\u00e1vomoc, ale o\\u010dak\\u00e1valo sa pou\\u017eitie v z\\u00e1ujme inej osoby. \\u010ci existuje p\\u00edsomn\\u00e1 zmluva, je u\\u017eito\\u010dn\\u00e9, ale nie nevyhnutne potrebn\\u00e9.   \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Ak\\u00fd je rozdiel medzi spreneverou a kr\\u00e1de\\u017eou?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Pri kr\\u00e1de\\u017ei je v popred\\u00ed odcudzenie cudzej hnute\\u013enej veci, preto\\u017ee p\\u00e1chate\\u013e si vec privlastn\\u00ed proti alebo bez v\\u00f4le opr\\u00e1vnenej osoby. Pri sprenevere sa majetok u\\u017e pr\\u00e1voplatne nach\\u00e1dza u p\\u00e1chate\\u013ea, preto\\u017ee mu bol zveren\\u00fd. Podstata protipr\\u00e1vnosti teda nespo\\u010d\\u00edva v odcudzen\\u00ed, ale v zneu\\u017eit\\u00ed d\\u00f4very prostredn\\u00edctvom \\u00fa\\u010delovo nevhodn\\u00e9ho prisvojenia. Rozl\\u00ed\\u0161enie prakticky z\\u00e1vis\\u00ed od toho, \\u010di p\\u00e1chate\\u013e musel majetok najprv odcudzi\\u0165, alebo \\u010di ho u\\u017e mal v dr\\u017ebe.   \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Ak\\u00e9 predpoklady musia by\\u0165 splnen\\u00e9 pre \\u00famysel pri sprenevere?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"P\\u00e1chate\\u013e mus\\u00ed vedie\\u0165, \\u017ee mu bol majetok zveren\\u00fd a \\u017ee ho nesmie \\u013eubovo\\u013ene pou\\u017ei\\u0165 pre seba. Mus\\u00ed aspo\\u0148 s vedom\\u00edm prija\\u0165, \\u017ee majetok \\u00fa\\u010delovo nevhodne pripoj\\u00ed k svojmu majetku alebo majetku tretej osoby. Okrem toho \\u00a7 133 Trestn\\u00e9ho z\\u00e1kona vy\\u017eaduje \\u00famysel obohati\\u0165 sa, teda aspo\\u0148 s vedom\\u00edm prija\\u0165 protipr\\u00e1vny majetkov\\u00fd prospech. V mnoh\\u00fdch pr\\u00edpadoch posta\\u010duje nepriamy \\u00famysel, pokia\\u013e sa \\u00fa\\u010delov\\u00e1 nevhodnos\\u0165 a obohatenie v\\u00e1\\u017ene pova\\u017euj\\u00fa za mo\\u017en\\u00e9.   \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Ak\\u00e9 tresty hrozia pri sprenevere a kedy sa spr\\u00eds\\u0148uje sadzba trestu?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Trest sa riadi hodnotou spreneveren\\u00e9ho majetku a pr\\u00edslu\\u0161nou z\\u00e1konnou klasifik\\u00e1ciou. Pri ni\\u017e\\u0161\\u00edch hodnot\\u00e1ch hroz\\u00ed v z\\u00e1kladnej forme pe\\u0148a\\u017en\\u00fd trest alebo trest od\\u0148atia slobody a\\u017e na \\u0161es\\u0165 mesiacov. Ak hodnota presiahne ur\\u010dit\\u00e9 hodnotov\\u00e9 hranice, sadzba trestu sa v\\u00fdrazne zvy\\u0161uje a \\u010dastej\\u0161ie doch\\u00e1dza k trestom od\\u0148atia slobody. Rozhoduj\\u00faca je objekt\\u00edvna hodnota v \\u010dase sp\\u00e1chania \\u010dinu, nie neskor\\u0161\\u00ed v\\u00fd\\u0165a\\u017eok z predaja alebo subjekt\\u00edvny \\u00fa\\u017eitok.   \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Je odklonenie pri sprenevere mo\\u017en\\u00e9 a \\u010do zvy\\u0161uje \\u0161ance?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Diversia pri sprenevere nie je automaticky vyl\\u00fa\\u010den\\u00e1, ale v praxi sa uplat\\u0148uje zdr\\u017eanlivo, preto\\u017ee obvinenie sa t\\u00fdka \\u00famyseln\\u00e9ho poru\\u0161enia d\\u00f4very. \\u0160ance sa zvy\\u0161uj\\u00fa, ak je vina n\\u00edzka, \\u0161koda zost\\u00e1va n\\u00edzka a d\\u00f4jde k r\\u00fdchlej a \\u00faplnej n\\u00e1hrade \\u0161kody. Aj bez\\u00fahonnos\\u0165 a kooperat\\u00edvne spr\\u00e1vanie maj\\u00fa pozit\\u00edvny vplyv, zatia\\u013e \\u010do pl\\u00e1novan\\u00fd postup, opakovanie a vysok\\u00e9 sumy \\u0161k\\u00f4d v\\u00e4\\u010d\\u0161inou br\\u00e1nia diversii. Ak m\\u00e1 by\\u0165 diversia realistick\\u00e1, mali by ste v\\u010das zapoji\\u0165 obhajobu a \\u0161trukt\\u00farovane pripravi\\u0165 d\\u00f4kazn\\u00fa situ\\u00e1ciu a n\\u00e1hradu \\u0161kody.   \"}}]}<\/script><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-veruntreuung-q1 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Kedy nast\u00e1va sprenevera pod\u013ea \u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Sprenevera nast\u00e1va, ak niekto majetok, ktor\u00fd mu bol vedome zveren\u00fd, protipr\u00e1vne pou\u017eije pre seba alebo pre tretiu osobu. Rozhoduj\u00face je, \u017ee majetok u\u017e bol pr\u00e1voplatne v jeho dispozi\u010dnej pr\u00e1vomoci, preto\u017ee mu bol odovzdan\u00fd alebo ponechan\u00fd na \u00faschovu. Trestn\u00e9 je poru\u0161enie d\u00f4very prostredn\u00edctvom \u00fa\u010delovo nevhodn\u00e9ho prisvojenia, nie odcudzenie. \u010ci bude majetok nesk\u00f4r nahraden\u00fd alebo vr\u00e1ten\u00fd, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou nemen\u00ed skutkov\u00fa podstatu, m\u00f4\u017ee v\u0161ak by\u0165 relevantn\u00e9 pre n\u00e1sledky.   <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-veruntreuung-q2 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">\u010co sa pova\u017euje za zveren\u00fd majetok pri sprenevere?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Zveren\u00fd majetok je majetkov\u00e1 hodnota, ktor\u00e1 je osobe vedome zveren\u00e1 s \u00fa\u010delov\u00fdm viazan\u00edm, napr\u00edklad na \u00faschovu, spr\u00e1vu alebo \u00fa\u010delov\u00e9 pou\u017eitie. K tomu patria pe\u0148a\u017en\u00e9 sumy, hmotn\u00e9 veci a in\u00e9 ekonomicky ocenite\u013en\u00e9 hodnoty. Rozhoduj\u00face je, \u017ee nebola udelen\u00e1 vo\u013en\u00e1 dispozi\u010dn\u00e1 pr\u00e1vomoc, ale o\u010dak\u00e1valo sa pou\u017eitie v z\u00e1ujme inej osoby. \u010ci existuje p\u00edsomn\u00e1 zmluva, je u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9, ale nie nevyhnutne potrebn\u00e9.   <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-veruntreuung-q3 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Ak\u00fd je rozdiel medzi spreneverou a kr\u00e1de\u017eou?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Pri kr\u00e1de\u017ei je v popred\u00ed odcudzenie cudzej hnute\u013enej veci, preto\u017ee p\u00e1chate\u013e si vec privlastn\u00ed proti alebo bez v\u00f4le opr\u00e1vnenej osoby. Pri sprenevere sa majetok u\u017e pr\u00e1voplatne nach\u00e1dza u p\u00e1chate\u013ea, preto\u017ee mu bol zveren\u00fd. Podstata protipr\u00e1vnosti teda nespo\u010d\u00edva v odcudzen\u00ed, ale v zneu\u017eit\u00ed d\u00f4very prostredn\u00edctvom \u00fa\u010delovo nevhodn\u00e9ho prisvojenia. Rozl\u00ed\u0161enie prakticky z\u00e1vis\u00ed od toho, \u010di p\u00e1chate\u013e musel majetok najprv odcudzi\u0165, alebo \u010di ho u\u017e mal v dr\u017ebe.   <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-veruntreuung-q4 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Ak\u00e9 predpoklady musia by\u0165 splnen\u00e9 pre \u00famysel pri sprenevere?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>P\u00e1chate\u013e mus\u00ed vedie\u0165, \u017ee mu bol majetok zveren\u00fd a \u017ee ho nesmie \u013eubovo\u013ene pou\u017ei\u0165 pre seba. Mus\u00ed aspo\u0148 s vedom\u00edm prija\u0165, \u017ee majetok \u00fa\u010delovo nevhodne pripoj\u00ed k svojmu majetku alebo majetku tretej osoby. Okrem toho \u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona vy\u017eaduje \u00famysel obohati\u0165 sa, teda aspo\u0148 s vedom\u00edm prija\u0165 protipr\u00e1vny majetkov\u00fd prospech. V mnoh\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch posta\u010duje nepriamy \u00famysel, pokia\u013e sa \u00fa\u010delov\u00e1 nevhodnos\u0165 a obohatenie v\u00e1\u017ene pova\u017euj\u00fa za mo\u017en\u00e9.   <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-veruntreuung-q5 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Ak\u00e9 tresty hrozia pri sprenevere a kedy sa spr\u00eds\u0148uje sadzba trestu?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Trest sa riadi hodnotou spreneveren\u00e9ho majetku a pr\u00edslu\u0161nou z\u00e1konnou klasifik\u00e1ciou. Pri ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch hodnot\u00e1ch hroz\u00ed v z\u00e1kladnej forme pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fd trest alebo trest od\u0148atia slobody a\u017e na \u0161es\u0165 mesiacov. Ak hodnota presiahne ur\u010dit\u00e9 hodnotov\u00e9 hranice, sadzba trestu sa v\u00fdrazne zvy\u0161uje a \u010dastej\u0161ie doch\u00e1dza k trestom od\u0148atia slobody. Rozhoduj\u00faca je objekt\u00edvna hodnota v \u010dase sp\u00e1chania \u010dinu, nie neskor\u0161\u00ed v\u00fd\u0165a\u017eok z predaja alebo subjekt\u00edvny \u00fa\u017eitok.   <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-veruntreuung-q6 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Je odklonenie pri sprenevere mo\u017en\u00e9 a \u010do zvy\u0161uje \u0161ance?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Diversia pri sprenevere nie je automaticky vyl\u00fa\u010den\u00e1, ale v praxi sa uplat\u0148uje zdr\u017eanlivo, preto\u017ee obvinenie sa t\u00fdka \u00famyseln\u00e9ho poru\u0161enia d\u00f4very. \u0160ance sa zvy\u0161uj\u00fa, ak je vina n\u00edzka, \u0161koda zost\u00e1va n\u00edzka a d\u00f4jde k r\u00fdchlej a \u00faplnej n\u00e1hrade \u0161kody. Aj bez\u00fahonnos\u0165 a kooperat\u00edvne spr\u00e1vanie maj\u00fa pozit\u00edvny vplyv, zatia\u013e \u010do pl\u00e1novan\u00fd postup, opakovanie a vysok\u00e9 sumy \u0161k\u00f4d v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou br\u00e1nia diversii. Ak m\u00e1 by\u0165 diversia realistick\u00e1, mali by ste v\u010das zapoji\u0165 obhajobu a \u0161trukt\u00farovane pripravi\u0165 d\u00f4kazn\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu a n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody.   <\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Sprenevera Sprenevera pod\u013ea \u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona nast\u00e1va, ak niekto pou\u017eije majetok, ktor\u00fd mu bol vedome zveren\u00fd, pre seba alebo pre in\u00fa osobu, hoci ho mohol len spravova\u0165 alebo pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 &#8230;","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":99177,"parent":41434,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[836],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-99958","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-trestne-pravo"],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7133-Veruntreuung.webp",1920,1080,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7133-Veruntreuung-100x100.webp",100,100,true],"medium":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7133-Veruntreuung-800x450.webp",800,450,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7133-Veruntreuung.webp",1920,1080,false],"large":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7133-Veruntreuung.webp",1920,1080,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7133-Veruntreuung.webp",1536,864,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7133-Veruntreuung.webp",1920,1080,false],"336x":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7133-Veruntreuung-336x189.webp",336,189,true],"352x":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7133-Veruntreuung-352x198.webp",352,198,true],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7133-Veruntreuung-300x300.webp",300,300,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7133-Veruntreuung-600x338.webp",600,338,true],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7133-Veruntreuung-100x100.webp",100,100,true],"yarpp-thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7133-Veruntreuung-120x120.webp",120,120,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Simon Prem","author_link":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/author\/simon-prem\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Sprenevera Sprenevera pod\u013ea \u00a7 133 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona nast\u00e1va, ak niekto pou\u017eije majetok, ktor\u00fd mu bol vedome zveren\u00fd, pre seba alebo pre in\u00fa osobu, hoci ho mohol len spravova\u0165 alebo pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ...","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/99958","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=99958"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/99958\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/41434"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=99958"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=99958"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=99958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}