{"id":87087,"date":"2025-11-26T11:13:29","date_gmt":"2025-11-26T10:13:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/?page_id=87087"},"modified":"2025-11-26T15:15:17","modified_gmt":"2025-11-26T14:15:17","slug":"natlak-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/trestne-pravo\/natlak-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-yoast-seo-table-of-contents yoast-table-of-contents\"><h2>Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"#h-schwere-notigung\" data-level=\"2\">Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-objektiver-tatbestand\" data-level=\"2\">Objekt\u00edvna skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-prufungsschritte\" data-level=\"3\">Kroky posudzovania<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-abgrenzung-zu-anderen-delikten\" data-level=\"2\">Rozl\u00ed\u0161enie od in\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010dinov<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-konkurrenzen\" data-level=\"3\">S\u00fabehy:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-beweislast-amp-beweiswurdigung\" data-level=\"2\">D\u00f4kazn\u00e9 bremeno a hodnotenie d\u00f4kazov<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-staatsanwaltschaft\" data-level=\"3\">Prokurat\u00fara:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-gericht\" data-level=\"3\">S\u00fad:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-beschuldigte-person\" data-level=\"3\">Obvinen\u00e1 osoba:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-praxisbeispiele\" data-level=\"2\">Praktick\u00e9 pr\u00edklady<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-subjektiver-tatbestand\" data-level=\"2\">Subjekt\u00edvna skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-schuld-amp-irrtumer\" data-level=\"2\">Vina a omyly<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafaufhebung-amp-diversion\" data-level=\"2\">Zru\u0161enie trestu a odklon<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-diversion\" data-level=\"3\">Diverzia:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-ausschluss-der-diversion\" data-level=\"3\">Vyl\u00fa\u010denie diverzie:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafzumessung-amp-folgen\" data-level=\"2\">Ukladanie trestu a n\u00e1sledky<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-erschwerungsgrunde-bestehen-insbesondere-wenn\" data-level=\"3\">Pri\u0165a\u017euj\u00face okolnosti existuj\u00fa najm\u00e4, ak<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-milderungsgrunde-sind-etwa\" data-level=\"3\">Po\u013eah\u010duj\u00face okolnosti s\u00fa napr\u00edklad<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafrahmen\" data-level=\"2\">Trestn\u00e1 sadzba<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-geldstrafe-tagessatzsystem\" data-level=\"2\">Pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fd trest \u2013 syst\u00e9m denn\u00fdch sadzieb<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-freiheitsstrafe-amp-teil-bedingte-nachsicht\" data-level=\"2\">Trest od\u0148atia slobody a (\u010diasto\u010dne) podmiene\u010dn\u00e9 odpustenie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-zustandigkeit-der-gerichte\" data-level=\"2\">Pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165 s\u00fadov<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-sachliche-zustandigkeit\" data-level=\"3\">Vecn\u00e1 pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-ortliche-zustandigkeit\" data-level=\"3\">Miestna pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-instanzenzug\" data-level=\"3\">Odvolacie konanie<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-zivilanspruche-im-strafverfahren\" data-level=\"2\">Ob\u010dianskopr\u00e1vne n\u00e1roky v trestnom konan\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafverfahren-im-uberblick\" data-level=\"2\">Preh\u013ead trestn\u00e9ho konania<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-beschuldigtenrechte\" data-level=\"2\">Pr\u00e1va obvinen\u00e9ho<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-praxis-amp-verhaltenstipps\" data-level=\"2\">Prax a tipy na spr\u00e1vanie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-ihre-vorteile-mit-anwaltlicher-unterstutzung\" data-level=\"2\">Va\u0161e v\u00fdhody s pr\u00e1vnou podporou<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-faq-haufig-gestellte-fragen\" data-level=\"2\">\u010cast\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-schwere-notigung\">Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie<\/h2>\n\n<p>Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie pod\u013ea  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\">\u00a7 106 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a> nast\u00e1va, ak je osoba n\u00faten\u00e1 k spr\u00e1vaniu obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 intenz\u00edvnym n\u00e1sil\u00edm alebo kvalifikovanou vyhr\u00e1\u017ekou, ktor\u00e9 by bez tohto p\u00f4sobenia v \u017eiadnom pr\u00edpade nevykonala. Rozhoduj\u00faci je <strong>v\u00fdrazn\u00fd stupe\u0148 zintenz\u00edvnenia donucovacieho prostriedku<\/strong>: Ohl\u00e1sen\u00e9 alebo vykonan\u00e9 p\u00f4sobenie je tak\u00e9 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee takmer \u00faplne potl\u00e1\u010da slobodu rozhodovania obete a prakticky vylu\u010duje re\u00e1lnu mo\u017enos\u0165 odporu. Kvalifikovan\u00e1 vyhr\u00e1\u017eka nast\u00e1va, ak je s\u013e\u00faben\u00e1 obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e1 ujma, ktor\u00e1 je sp\u00f4sobil\u00e1 vyvola\u0165 existen\u010dn\u00fd strach alebo zna\u010dn\u00fd psychick\u00fd tlak. Norma chr\u00e1ni slobodn\u00e9 utv\u00e1ranie v\u00f4le v situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, kde n\u00e1tlak \u010faleko presahuje to, \u010do pokr\u00fdva \u00a7 105 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona, a je vytvoren\u00e1 mimoriadne za\u0165a\u017euj\u00faca situ\u00e1cia n\u00e1tlaku.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-f014c6a5 alignfull uagb-is-root-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-60e61cc5\">\n<p>Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie je <strong>v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 vyn\u00fatenie spr\u00e1vania prostredn\u00edctvom obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 intenz\u00edvneho n\u00e1silia alebo kvalifikovanej vyhr\u00e1\u017eky<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 nar\u00fa\u0161a slobodn\u00e9 formovanie v\u00f4le v takej miere, ktor\u00e1 v\u00fdrazne presahuje be\u017en\u00fa n\u00e1tlakov\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu jednoduch\u00e9ho donucovania.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-613eb3e6\"><picture>\n\t\t<source srcset=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7106-Schwere-Noetigung-352x198.webp\" >\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-picture-small\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7106-Schwere-Noetigung.webp\" alt=\"Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie pod\u013ea \u00a7 106 StGB jednoducho vysvetlen\u00e9. Kedy je vyhr\u00e1\u017eka alebo n\u00e1silie kvalifikovan\u00e9 a ak\u00e9 tresty hrozia.\" >\n\t<\/picture>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-objektiver-tatbestand\">Objekt\u00edvna skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/h2>\n\n<p>Objekt\u00edvna skutkov\u00e1 podstata trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\"><\/a>\u0164a\u017ek\u00fd n\u00e1tlak pod\u013ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\">\u00a7 106 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a> zah\u0155\u0148a ak\u00fdko\u013evek navonok rozpoznate\u013en\u00fd \u010din, ktor\u00fdm je osoba <strong>obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 intenz\u00edvnym n\u00e1sil\u00edm<\/strong> alebo <strong>kvalifikovanou vyhr\u00e1\u017ekou<\/strong> prin\u00faten\u00e1 k spr\u00e1vaniu, ktor\u00e9 mimoriadne nar\u00fa\u0161a jej slobodn\u00e9 rozhodovanie v\u00f4le. Rozhoduj\u00faci je v\u00fdrazne zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd stupe\u0148 z\u00e1va\u017enosti pou\u017eit\u00e9ho donucovacieho prostriedku. Norma chr\u00e1ni slobodu rozhodovania v situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, kde n\u00e1tlak dosahuje mieru, ktor\u00e1 v\u00fdrazne presahuje be\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1tlak a re\u00e1lne vylu\u010duje mo\u017enosti odporu.<\/p>\n\n<p>Skutkov\u00e1 podstata je naplnen\u00e1 v ka\u017edej situ\u00e1cii, v ktorej je osoba <strong>obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm zlom<\/strong>, mas\u00edvnym fyzick\u00fdm p\u00f4soben\u00edm alebo vyhr\u00e1\u017ekou s existen\u010dn\u00fdmi alebo z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdmi n\u00e1sledkami prin\u00faten\u00e1 podriadi\u0165 sa cudzej v\u00f4li. Objekt\u00edvne rozpoznate\u013en\u00fd n\u00e1tlak mus\u00ed by\u0165 tak\u00fd siln\u00fd, aby dotknutej osobe poskytol <strong>zjavn\u00e9 a neodolate\u013en\u00e9 d\u00f4vody<\/strong> vyhovie\u0165 po\u017eiadavke p\u00e1chate\u013ea. Vn\u00fatorn\u00e1 motiv\u00e1cia p\u00e1chate\u013ea je bezv\u00fdznamn\u00e1. Rozhoduj\u00face s\u00fa v\u00fdlu\u010dne vonkaj\u0161ie okolnosti a ich skuto\u010dn\u00fd vplyv na slobodu rozhodovania.   <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-prufungsschritte\">Kroky posudzovania<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tatsubjekt\">P\u00e1chate\u013e:<\/h4>\n\n<p>P\u00e1chate\u013eom m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 <strong>ak\u00e1ko\u013evek osoba<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 pou\u017eije kvalifikovan\u00fd donucovac\u00ed prostriedok alebo sa na \u0148om podie\u013ea. Patria sem aj osoby, ktor\u00e9 vyhr\u00e1\u017eku <strong>sprostredkuj\u00fa<\/strong>, <strong>vytvoria<\/strong> hroziv\u00fa atmosf\u00e9ru alebo <strong>podporia<\/strong> pou\u017eitie n\u00e1silia. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tatobjekt\">Predmet trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu:<\/h4>\n\n<p>Obe\u0165ou m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 <strong>ak\u00e1ko\u013evek osoba<\/strong>, ktorej sloboda rozhodovania je <strong>v\u00fdrazne naru\u0161en\u00e1<\/strong> z\u00e1va\u017enou vyhr\u00e1\u017ekou alebo n\u00e1sil\u00edm. Chr\u00e1nen\u00e1 je schopnos\u0165 <strong>prij\u00edma\u0165 vlastn\u00e9 rozhodnutia slobodne a bez existen\u010dn\u00e9ho n\u00e1tlaku<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tathandlung\">Trestn\u00fd \u010din:  <\/h4>\n\n<p>Objekt\u00edvne nap\u013a\u0148a skutkov\u00fa podstatu ka\u017ed\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie, ktor\u00fdm <strong>n\u00e1silie<\/strong> alebo <strong>nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 vyhr\u00e1\u017eka<\/strong> dosiahne <strong>objekt\u00edvne zistite\u013en\u00fa intenzitu<\/strong> n\u00e1tlaku.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Vyhr\u00e1\u017eka obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdmi n\u00e1sledkami<\/h4>\n\n<p>Patria sem vyhr\u00e1\u017eky s<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>smr\u0165ou<\/strong> alebo \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdm zmrza\u010den\u00edm,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00fanosom<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>podpa\u013ea\u010dstvom<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ohrozen\u00edm v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdmi alebo r\u00e1dioakt\u00edvnymi l\u00e1tkami,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>zni\u010den\u00edm ekonomickej existencie<\/strong> alebo spolo\u010denskej povesti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Tak\u00e9to vyhr\u00e1\u017eky vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu, v ktorej obe\u0165 <strong>u\u017e takmer nem\u00e1 priestor na konanie<\/strong> a fakticky nem\u00f4\u017ee urobi\u0165 slobodn\u00e9 rozhodnutie.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Uvedenie do mu\u010div\u00e9ho stavu<\/h4>\n\n<p>Zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa sa situ\u00e1cie, v ktor\u00fdch je obe\u0165 alebo in\u00e1 dotknut\u00e1 osoba <strong>po dlh\u0161iu dobu<\/strong> prostredn\u00edctvom pou\u017eit\u00e9ho prostriedku uveden\u00e1 do <strong>mu\u010div\u00e9ho, za\u0165a\u017euj\u00faceho stavu<\/strong>. P\u00f4sobenie mus\u00ed predstavova\u0165 <strong>cite\u013en\u00e9 a trval\u00e9 naru\u0161enie<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Vyn\u00fatenie z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch \u010dinov<\/h4>\n\n<p>Obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 intenz\u00edvne s\u00fa pr\u00edpady, v ktor\u00fdch je obe\u0165 n\u00faten\u00e1 k<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>prostit\u00facii<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00fa\u010dasti na <strong>pornografick\u00fdch zobrazeniach<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010dinom, strpeniam alebo opomenutiam, ktor\u00e9 poru\u0161uj\u00fa <strong>obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 osobn\u00e9 z\u00e1ujmy<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Tak\u00e9to skutkov\u00e9 konania hlboko zasahuj\u00fa do <strong>telesnej a osobnej integrity<\/strong> obete.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-taterfolg\">V\u00fdsledok trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu:<\/h4>\n\n<p>\u00daspe\u0161n\u00e9 dokonanie trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu nast\u00e1va, ak obe\u0165 v d\u00f4sledku mas\u00edvnej vyhr\u00e1\u017eky alebo n\u00e1silia skuto\u010dne vykon\u00e1 po\u017eadovan\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie. Posta\u010duje, \u017ee p\u00f4sobenie bolo <strong>kauz\u00e1lne<\/strong>. Dodato\u010dn\u00e1 \u0161koda nemus\u00ed nasta\u0165.  <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-kausalitat\">Kauzalita:<\/h4>\n\n<p>Kauz\u00e1lne je ka\u017ed\u00e9 konanie p\u00e1chate\u013ea, bez ktor\u00e9ho by vyn\u00faten\u00fd v\u00fdsledok nenastal alebo nenastal v tejto forme. Patria sem aj pr\u00edpravn\u00e9 alebo podporn\u00e9 pr\u00edspevky, pokia\u013e s\u00fa pr\u00ed\u010dinou donucovacieho \u00fa\u010dinku. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-objektive-zurechnung\">Objekt\u00edvna imput\u00e1cia:  <\/h4>\n\n<p>V\u00fdsledok je objekt\u00edvne pripo\u010d\u00edtate\u013en\u00fd, ak spr\u00e1vanie p\u00e1chate\u013ea vytvorilo alebo zv\u00fd\u0161ilo pr\u00e1vne nepr\u00edpustn\u00e9 nebezpe\u010denstvo pre slobodn\u00e9 rozhodovanie a toto nebezpe\u010denstvo sa realizovalo vo vyn\u00fatenom spr\u00e1van\u00ed obete. Spolo\u010densky obvykl\u00fd n\u00e1tlak alebo legit\u00edmny vplyv tak\u00e9to nebezpe\u010denstvo nezakladaj\u00fa. <\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-peter-harlander\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/ph100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Peter Harlander<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eIm objektiven Tatbestand der schweren N\u00f6tigung entscheidet der Grad des Zwangs, ob noch Druck oder bereits ein strafbares Brechen der freien Willensbildung vorliegt.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-abgrenzung-zu-anderen-delikten\">Rozl\u00ed\u0161enie od in\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010dinov<\/h2>\n\n<p>Skutkov\u00e1 podstata <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho vydierania<\/strong> je naplnen\u00e1, ak je osoba prin\u00faten\u00e1 k spr\u00e1vaniu obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 drastick\u00fdmi prostriedkami a t\u00fdm je jej slobodn\u00e9 rozhodovanie z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom naru\u0161en\u00e9. Rozhoduj\u00faci je <strong>intenz\u00edvny, objekt\u00edvne rozpoznate\u013en\u00fd n\u00e1tlak<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd \u010faleko presahuje ka\u017edodenn\u00fd tlak a mas\u00edvne podkop\u00e1va slobodu rozhodovania. <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/trestne-pravo\/pozbavenie-osobnej-slobody\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 99 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona \u2013 Pozbavenie osobnej slobody:<\/a><\/strong> Zah\u0155\u0148a sa tu samotn\u00e9 zadr\u017eanie alebo uv\u00e4znenie osoby proti jej v\u00f4li alebo bez jej v\u00f4le. \u0164a\u017eisko spo\u010d\u00edva v\u00fdlu\u010dne v obmedzen\u00ed slobody pohybu. Ak nie je vyn\u00faten\u00e9 \u017eiadne spr\u00e1vanie, zost\u00e1va to pri \u00a7 99 StGB. A\u017e ke\u010f je zadr\u017eanie pou\u017eit\u00e9 na vyn\u00fatenie ur\u010dit\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vania prostredn\u00edctvom obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch vyhr\u00e1\u017eok alebo n\u00e1silia, prich\u00e1dza do \u00favahy <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie<\/strong>.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/trestne-pravo\/vydieracsky-unos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 102 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona \u2013 vydiera\u010dsk\u00fd \u00fanos:<\/a><\/strong> T\u00e1to skutkov\u00e1 podstata vy\u017eaduje situ\u00e1ciu ovl\u00e1dnutia, ktor\u00e1 sa pou\u017e\u00edva na vyv\u00edjanie tlaku na tretiu osobu. Zameranie je na situ\u00e1ciu vydierania. \u0164a\u017ek\u00fd n\u00e1tlak sa v\u0161ak t\u00fdka <strong>priameho, vysoko za\u0165a\u017euj\u00faceho n\u00e1tlaku vo\u010di samotnej obeti<\/strong>. Prekrytia existuj\u00fa len vtedy, ak \u00fanos z\u00e1rove\u0148 sl\u00fa\u017ei na to, aby sa obe\u0165 kvalifikovan\u00fdmi vyhr\u00e1\u017ekami alebo obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 mas\u00edvnym n\u00e1sil\u00edm prin\u00fatila k spr\u00e1vaniu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00a7 105 StGB \u2013 <strong>Donucovanie<\/strong>:<\/strong> Jednoduch\u00e9 donucovanie tvor\u00ed z\u00e1klad, z ktor\u00e9ho sa vyv\u00edja kvalifikovan\u00e1 skutkov\u00e1 podstata. \u00a7 106 je relevantn\u00fd, ak <strong>n\u00e1tlak obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad vyhr\u00e1\u017ekami smr\u0165ou, zna\u010dn\u00fdm zmrza\u010den\u00edm, \u00fanosom, podpa\u013ea\u010dstvom, zni\u010den\u00edm existencie alebo in\u00fdmi obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 drastick\u00fdmi prostriedkami. Akon\u00e1hle s\u00fa splnen\u00e9 podmienky kvalifikovanej formy, z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie <strong>vytl\u00e1\u010da<\/strong> z\u00e1kladn\u00fa skutkov\u00fa podstatu.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00a7 107 StGB \u2013 nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 vyhr\u00e1\u017eka:<\/strong> Nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 vyhr\u00e1\u017eka je samostatn\u00fd trestn\u00fd \u010din a nevy\u017eaduje vyn\u00faten\u00e9 konanie, strpenie alebo opomenutie. Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie naopak vy\u017eaduje, aby kvalifikovan\u00fd n\u00e1tlak <strong>skuto\u010dne viedol k spr\u00e1vaniu<\/strong>. Ak je vyhr\u00e1\u017eka sama o sebe trestn\u00e1, ale nie je vyn\u00faten\u00e9 \u017eiadne spr\u00e1vanie, zost\u00e1va to pri \u00a7 107 StGB. Ak sa v\u0161ak vyhr\u00e1\u017eka pou\u017eije v obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017enej kvalite na vyn\u00fatenie spr\u00e1vania, uplatn\u00ed sa     <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\">\u00a7 106 StGB<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-konkurrenzen\">S\u00fabehy:<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-echte-konkurrenz\">Prav\u00fd s\u00fabeh: <\/h4>\n\n<p>Skuto\u010dn\u00e1 s\u00fabeh nast\u00e1va, ak k donucovaniu pribudn\u00fa <strong>\u010fal\u0161ie samostatn\u00e9 trestn\u00e9 \u010diny<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad pozbavenie osobnej slobody pod\u013ea \u00a7 99 StGB, ubl\u00ed\u017eenie na zdrav\u00ed alebo samostatn\u00e9 trestn\u00e9 \u010diny vyhr\u00e1\u017eania. Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie vytl\u00e1\u010da z\u00e1kladn\u00fa skutkov\u00fa podstatu be\u017en\u00e9ho donucovania, akon\u00e1hle s\u00fa splnen\u00e9 <strong>kvalifikuj\u00face podmienky<\/strong>. Vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch ostatn\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch zost\u00e1va z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie.  <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-unechte-konkurrenz\">Neprav\u00fd s\u00fabeh:<\/h4>\n\n<p>Vytla\u010denie pod\u013ea princ\u00edpu \u0161peciality prich\u00e1dza do \u00favahy len vtedy, ak <strong>\u0161pecifickej\u0161ia skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/strong> \u00faplne pokr\u00fdva v\u00fdkon n\u00e1tlaku. Pri kvalifikovanom donucovan\u00ed <strong>vytl\u00e1\u010da <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\">\u00a7 106 StGB<\/a><\/strong> z\u00e1kladn\u00fa skutkov\u00fa podstatu \u00a7 105 StGB. Vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch ostatn\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch zost\u00e1va donucovanie.  <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tatmehrheit\">Viaceros\u0165 trestn\u00fdch \u010dinov: <\/h4>\n\n<p>Kto vydiera viacero os\u00f4b v r\u00f4znych \u010dasoch alebo vo viacer\u00fdch oddelen\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch, sp\u00e1cha <strong>viacero samostatn\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010dinov<\/strong>. Jednotliv\u00e9 pr\u00edpady sa posudzuj\u00fa osobitne. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-fortgesetzte-handlung\">Pokra\u010duj\u00faci trestn\u00fd \u010din: <\/h4>\n\n<p>Dlhodob\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia don\u00fatenia tvor\u00ed <strong>jednotn\u00fd trestn\u00fd \u010din<\/strong>, pokia\u013e s\u00fa <strong>n\u00e1silie alebo vyhr\u00e1\u017eka<\/strong> udr\u017eiavan\u00e9 bez podstatn\u00e9ho preru\u0161enia a don\u00fatenie sleduje <strong>identick\u00fd \u00fa\u010del spr\u00e1vania<\/strong>. Trestn\u00fd \u010din kon\u010d\u00ed, akon\u00e1hle don\u00fatenie alebo \u00fa\u010del p\u00f4sobenia zanikne. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-beweislast-amp-beweiswurdigung\">D\u00f4kazn\u00e9 bremeno a hodnotenie d\u00f4kazov<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-staatsanwaltschaft\">Prokurat\u00fara: <\/h3>\n\n<p>Prokurat\u00fara nesie d\u00f4kazn\u00e9 bremeno pre existenciu <strong>kvalifikovan\u00e9ho n\u00e1silia<\/strong> alebo <strong>kvalifikovanej vyhr\u00e1\u017eky<\/strong>, ako aj pre ich konkr\u00e9tny vplyv na slobodu rozhodovania obete. Mus\u00ed preuk\u00e1za\u0165 najm\u00e4 to, \u017ee bol pou\u017eit\u00fd <strong>obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd donucovac\u00ed prostriedok<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad vyhr\u00e1\u017eka obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017enou nev\u00fdhodou alebo pou\u017eitie n\u00e1silia, ktor\u00e9 presahuje be\u017en\u00fa mieru. Rovnako je potrebn\u00e9 preuk\u00e1za\u0165, \u017ee p\u00f4sobenie bolo <strong>v\u00e1\u017ene<\/strong>, <strong>objekt\u00edvne vhodn\u00e9<\/strong> a <strong>navonok jasne rozpoznate\u013en\u00e9<\/strong> a t\u00fdm vytvorilo kvalifikovan\u00fa n\u00e1tlakov\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu, ktorej sa obe\u0165 nemohla vyhn\u00fa\u0165. Nakoniec mus\u00ed by\u0165 zisten\u00e1 kauz\u00e1lna s\u00favislos\u0165 medzi pou\u017eit\u00fdm kvalifikovan\u00fdm prostriedkom a vyn\u00faten\u00fdm spr\u00e1van\u00edm.   <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-gericht\">S\u00fad: <\/h3>\n\n<p>S\u00fad presk\u00fama a vyhodnot\u00ed v\u0161etky d\u00f4kazy v celkovom kontexte. Nepou\u017eije nevhodn\u00e9 alebo nez\u00e1konne z\u00edskan\u00e9 d\u00f4kazy. Rozhoduj\u00face je, \u010di bol <strong>kvalifikovan\u00fd n\u00e1tlak objekt\u00edvne rozpoznate\u013en\u00fd<\/strong>, \u010di bola z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e1 vyhr\u00e1\u017eka alebo intenz\u00edvnej\u0161ie n\u00e1silie <strong>skuto\u010dne sp\u00f4sobil\u00e9<\/strong> zlomi\u0165 slobodn\u00e9 formovanie v\u00f4le a \u010di bola obe\u0165 v d\u00f4sledku toho prin\u00faten\u00e1 k po\u017eadovan\u00e9mu spr\u00e1vaniu. S\u00fad ur\u010d\u00ed, \u010di existoval <strong>kvalifikovan\u00fd donucovac\u00ed mechanizmus<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd nesie nebezpe\u010dnos\u0165 \u0161pecifick\u00fa pre skutkov\u00fa podstatu a obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 drasticky podkop\u00e1va chr\u00e1nen\u00fa slobodu rozhodovania.   <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-beschuldigte-person\">Obvinen\u00e1 osoba: <\/h3>\n\n<p>Obvinen\u00e1 osoba nem\u00e1 d\u00f4kazn\u00e9 bremeno. M\u00f4\u017ee v\u0161ak pouk\u00e1za\u0165 na pochybnosti o tvrdenej <strong>kvalite alebo intenzite donucovacieho prostriedku<\/strong>, o skuto\u010dnom vplyve na formovanie v\u00f4le alebo o kauz\u00e1lnej s\u00favislosti medzi obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017enou vyhr\u00e1\u017ekou, intenz\u00edvnym n\u00e1sil\u00edm a spr\u00e1van\u00edm obete. Rovnako m\u00f4\u017ee pouk\u00e1za\u0165 na rozpory, medzery v d\u00f4kazoch alebo nejasn\u00e9 znaleck\u00e9 posudky.  <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Typick\u00e9 d\u00f4kazy<\/strong> s\u00fa video alebo monitorovac\u00ed materi\u00e1l k obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 drastick\u00fdm pou\u017eitiam n\u00e1silia alebo k hroziv\u00fdm scen\u00e1rom so z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdmi zlami, digit\u00e1lne komunika\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy, spr\u00e1vy s kvalifikovan\u00fdm vyhr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdm charakterom, zvukov\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy, \u00fadaje o polohe, ako aj stopy na miestach alebo predmetoch, ktor\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00fa <strong>zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd donucovac\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinok<\/strong>. Dokument\u00e1cia o fyzick\u00fdch zraneniach, psychick\u00fdch reakci\u00e1ch alebo n\u00e1sledkoch, ktor\u00e9 zodpovedaj\u00fa tvrden\u00fdm kvalifikuj\u00facim znakom, je rovnako relevantn\u00e1. V osobitn\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa do \u00favahy psychologick\u00e9 alebo lek\u00e1rske posudky, najm\u00e4 ak je potrebn\u00e9 pos\u00fadi\u0165, \u010di hroziace alebo vykonan\u00e9 prostriedky vykazuj\u00fa po\u017eadovan\u00fa <strong>z\u00e1va\u017enos\u0165<\/strong> a od\u00f4vod\u0148uj\u00fa kvalifikovan\u00fd donucovac\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinok.  <\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eIn Verfahren wegen schwerer N\u00f6tigung \u00fcberzeugt nicht die lauteste Darstellung, sondern eine l\u00fcckenlose Beweisf\u00fchrung zur tats\u00e4chlichen Zwangswirkung auf das Opfer.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-praxisbeispiele\">Praktick\u00e9 pr\u00edklady<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Vyhr\u00e1\u017eka zna\u010dn\u00fdm zmrza\u010den\u00edm:: <\/strong>P\u00e1chate\u013e po\u017eaduje vydanie k\u00f3du a oznamuje obeti, \u017ee jej \u201eodre\u017ee ucho\u201c, ak odmietne. Vyhr\u00e1\u017eka sa t\u00fdka zna\u010dn\u00e9ho zmrza\u010denia a t\u00fdm nap\u013a\u0148a skutkov\u00fa podstatu z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho vydierania. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vyhr\u00e1\u017eka smr\u0165ou:<\/strong> P\u00e1chate\u013e po\u017eaduje, aby mu\u017e podp\u00edsal priznanie, a hovor\u00ed mu: \u201eAk to neurob\u00ed\u0161 hne\u010f, zabijem \u0165a.\u201c V\u00fdslovn\u00e1 vyhr\u00e1\u017eka smr\u0165ou nap\u013a\u0148a skutkov\u00fa podstatu z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho vydierania. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Tieto pr\u00edklady ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie za\u010d\u00edna tam, kde p\u00e1chate\u013e <strong>hroz\u00ed obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdmi zlami<\/strong> alebo vyvol\u00e1va <strong>kvalifikovan\u00fd donucovac\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinok<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd \u010faleko presahuje be\u017en\u00e9 vyhr\u00e1\u017eky. Rozhoduj\u00faca je <strong>osobitn\u00e1 intenzita n\u00e1tlaku<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 je sp\u00f4sobil\u00e1 uvies\u0165 dotknut\u00fa osobu do situ\u00e1cie, v ktorej kon\u00e1, strp\u00ed alebo opomenie <strong>pod mas\u00edvnym n\u00e1tlakom<\/strong>. Je irelevantn\u00e9, \u010di je obe\u0165 skuto\u010dne zranen\u00e1 alebo \u010di je vyhr\u00e1\u017eka vykonan\u00e1; rozhoduj\u00faca je <strong>sp\u00f4sobilos\u0165 vyhr\u00e1\u017eky<\/strong> vyn\u00fati\u0165 spr\u00e1vanie, ktor\u00e9 by osoba bez tohto kvalifikovan\u00e9ho n\u00e1tlaku nikdy nevykonala.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-subjektiver-tatbestand\">Subjekt\u00edvna skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u00e1chate\u013e kon\u00e1 <strong>\u00famyselne<\/strong>. Vie alebo aspo\u0148 v\u00e1\u017ene berie na vedomie, \u017ee osobu prin\u00fati k ur\u010dit\u00e9mu spr\u00e1vaniu <strong>obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm donucovac\u00edm prostriedkom<\/strong>, ako je vyhr\u00e1\u017eka smr\u0165ou, zna\u010dn\u00fdm zmrza\u010den\u00edm, \u00fanosom, n\u00e1padn\u00fdm znetvoren\u00edm alebo zni\u010den\u00edm ekonomickej existencie. Uvedomuje si, \u017ee jeho p\u00f4sobenie \u010faleko presahuje be\u017en\u00fa vyhr\u00e1\u017eku a jeho cie\u013eom je zlomi\u0165 slobodn\u00e9 rozhodovanie obete <strong>kvalifikovan\u00fdm zlom<\/strong>, a vedome akceptuje takto vzniknut\u00fa intenz\u00edvnu n\u00e1tlakov\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Je potrebn\u00e9, aby p\u00e1chate\u013e ch\u00e1pal, \u017ee pou\u017eit\u00fd kvalifikovan\u00fd prostriedok je <strong>objekt\u00edvne sp\u00f4sobil\u00fd<\/strong> prin\u00fati\u0165 obe\u0165 k po\u017eadovan\u00e9mu konaniu, strpeniu alebo opomenutiu. Posta\u010duje, \u017ee <strong>pova\u017euje za mo\u017en\u00e9<\/strong> osobitn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok pou\u017eit\u00e9ho zla a s t\u00fdmto \u00fa\u010dinkom sa zmieri. \u00damysel presahuj\u00faci tento r\u00e1mec nie je potrebn\u00fd.  <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00damysel neexistuje, ak p\u00e1chate\u013e v\u00e1\u017ene predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee obe\u0165 kon\u00e1 <strong>dobrovo\u013ene<\/strong> a kvalifikovan\u00e9 p\u00f4sobenie <strong>nemus\u00ed ch\u00e1pa\u0165 ako n\u00e1tlak<\/strong>. To sa t\u00fdka napr\u00edklad pr\u00edpadov, ke\u010f p\u00e1chate\u013e mylne predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee druh\u00e1 osoba s konan\u00edm s\u00fahlas\u00ed alebo sa nec\u00edti dotknut\u00e1 vyhr\u00e1\u017ekou. Kto ver\u00ed, \u017ee dotknut\u00e1 osoba by konala aj bez hroziacich z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch n\u00e1sledkov, nenap\u013a\u0148a subjekt\u00edvnu skutkov\u00fa podstatu.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Rozhoduj\u00face je, \u017ee p\u00e1chate\u013e vedome vyvol\u00e1va <strong>kvalifikovan\u00fd donucovac\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinok<\/strong> alebo ho aspo\u0148 akceptuje, a \u017ee si uvedomuje, \u017ee jeho spr\u00e1vanie obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 drasticky ovplyv\u0148uje slobodu rozhodovania obete. Kto vie alebo aspo\u0148 s vedom\u00edm akceptuje, \u017ee vyhr\u00e1\u017eka <strong>obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm zlom<\/strong> alebo zasahuj\u00face donucovacie konanie l\u00e1me slobodn\u00e9 formovanie v\u00f4le, kon\u00e1 \u00famyselne a t\u00fdm nap\u013a\u0148a subjekt\u00edvnu skutkov\u00fa podstatu z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho vydierania. <\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-peter-harlander\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/ph100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Peter Harlander<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eSchwere N\u00f6tigung setzt einen Vorsatz voraus, der bewusst auf die Brechung der Willensfreiheit gerichtet ist und qualifizierte Drohungen oder Gewalt billigend in Kauf nimmt.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-schuld-amp-irrtumer\">Vina a omyly<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/trestne-pravo\/pravny-omyl\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Omyl v z\u00e1kaze<\/a>:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p>Omyl v z\u00e1kaze ospravedl\u0148uje len vtedy, ak bol <strong>nevyhnutn\u00fd<\/strong>. Kto kon\u00e1 sp\u00f4sobom, ktor\u00fd <strong>zjavne zasahuje do pr\u00e1v in\u00fdch<\/strong>, nem\u00f4\u017ee sa odvol\u00e1va\u0165 na to, \u017ee si neuvedomil protipr\u00e1vnos\u0165. Ka\u017ed\u00fd je povinn\u00fd informova\u0165 sa o <strong>pr\u00e1vnych hraniciach<\/strong> svojho konania. Oby\u010dajn\u00e1 neznalos\u0165 alebo \u013eahkomyse\u013en\u00fd omyl nezbavuje zodpovednosti.   <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Princ\u00edp viny:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p>Trestn\u00fd je len ten, kto kon\u00e1 <strong>zavinen\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom<\/strong>. \u00damyseln\u00e9 trestn\u00e9 \u010diny vy\u017eaduj\u00fa, aby p\u00e1chate\u013e poznal podstatn\u00fd priebeh udalost\u00ed a aspo\u0148 <strong>vedome ho akceptoval<\/strong>. Ak tento \u00famysel ch\u00fdba, napr\u00edklad preto, \u017ee p\u00e1chate\u013e sa mylne domnieva, \u017ee jeho konanie je povolen\u00e9 alebo je <strong>dobrovo\u013ene podporovan\u00e9<\/strong>, ide nanajv\u00fd\u0161 o nedbanlivos\u0165. T\u00e1to v\u0161ak pri \u00famyseln\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010dinoch nie je dostato\u010dn\u00e1.   <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Nepr\u00ed\u010detnos\u0165:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p>Vina nepostihuje nikoho, kto v \u010dase sp\u00e1chania \u010dinu nebol schopn\u00fd pochopi\u0165 protipr\u00e1vnos\u0165 svojho konania alebo kona\u0165 pod\u013ea tohto poznania z d\u00f4vodu <strong>\u0165a\u017ekej du\u0161evnej poruchy<\/strong>, <strong>chorobnej du\u0161evnej poruchy<\/strong> alebo <strong>zna\u010dnej neschopnosti ovl\u00e1da\u0165 svoje konanie<\/strong>. V pr\u00edpade pochybnost\u00ed sa vy\u017eiada <strong>psychiatrick\u00fd posudok<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/trestne-pravo\/ospravedlnujuca-nudza\/\">Ospravedl\u0148uj\u00faca n\u00fadza<\/a>:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p>Ospravedl\u0148uj\u00faca n\u00fadza m\u00f4\u017ee nasta\u0165, ak p\u00e1chate\u013e kon\u00e1 v <strong>extr\u00e9mnej tiesni<\/strong>, aby odvr\u00e1til <strong>ak\u00fatne nebezpe\u010denstvo<\/strong> pre vlastn\u00fd \u017eivot alebo \u017eivot in\u00fdch. Konanie zost\u00e1va protipr\u00e1vne, ale m\u00f4\u017ee p\u00f4sobi\u0165 <strong>zni\u017euj\u00faco na vinu<\/strong> alebo ospravedl\u0148uj\u00faco, ak neexistovala in\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165. <\/p>\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/trestne-pravo\/mylna-domnienka-o-ospravedlnujucej-skutocnosti\/\">Putat\u00edvna nutn\u00e1 obrana<\/a>:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p>Kto sa mylne domnieva, \u017ee je opr\u00e1vnen\u00fd k obrann\u00e9mu konaniu, kon\u00e1 bez \u00famyslu, ak bol omyl <strong>v\u00e1\u017eny a opodstatnen\u00fd<\/strong>. Tak\u00fdto omyl m\u00f4\u017ee <strong>zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 alebo vyl\u00fa\u010di\u0165 vinu<\/strong>. Ak v\u0161ak zostane poru\u0161enie povinnosti starostlivosti, prich\u00e1dza do \u00favahy nedbanliv\u00e9 alebo trest zni\u017euj\u00face pos\u00fadenie, nie v\u0161ak ospravedlnenie.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafaufhebung-amp-diversion\">Zru\u0161enie trestu a odklon<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-diversion\">Diverzia:<\/h3>\n\n<p>Diverzia je pri <strong>z\u00e1va\u017enom vydieran\u00ed<\/strong> mo\u017en\u00e1 len v absol\u00fatne v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch. Kvalifikovan\u00e1 skutkov\u00e1 podstata predpoklad\u00e1 <strong>obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd donucovac\u00ed prostriedok<\/strong>, ako je vyhr\u00e1\u017eka smr\u0165ou, zna\u010dn\u00fdm zmrza\u010den\u00edm, \u00fanosom, n\u00e1padn\u00fdm znetvoren\u00edm alebo zni\u010den\u00edm ekonomickej existencie. Tak\u00e9to prostriedky spravidla zakladaj\u00fa <strong>zna\u010dn\u00fa vinu<\/strong>, preto prich\u00e1dza do \u00favahy diversion\u00e1lne vybavenie len vtedy, ak bol kvalifikuj\u00faci okolnos\u0165 v konkr\u00e9tnom pr\u00edpade <strong>len ve\u013emi obmedzene naplnen\u00e1<\/strong> alebo v\u00fdnimo\u010dne existuje mimoriadne n\u00edzka vina.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Odklon mo\u017eno presk\u00fama\u0165, ak<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>vina p\u00e1chate\u013ea je n\u00edzka<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>kvalifikuj\u00faci donucovac\u00ed prostriedok le\u017e\u00ed len na dolnej hranici z\u00e1konnej prahovej hodnoty<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>obe\u0165 nebola trvalo alebo v\u00fdrazne zastra\u0161en\u00e1<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>nebol vytvoren\u00fd \u017eiadny trval\u00fd alebo dlhodob\u00fd donucovac\u00ed mechanizmus<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>skutkov\u00fd stav je preh\u013eadn\u00fd a jasn\u00fd<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>a p\u00e1chate\u013e je okam\u017eite ch\u00e1pav\u00fd<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Ak prich\u00e1dza do \u00favahy odklon, s\u00fad m\u00f4\u017ee nariadi\u0165 pe\u0148a\u017en\u00e9 plnenia, verejnoprospe\u0161n\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce alebo vyrovnanie s obe\u0165ou.<br\/>Odklon nevedie k <strong>\u017eiadnemu ods\u00fadeniu<\/strong> a <strong>\u017eiadnemu z\u00e1znamu v registri trestov<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ausschluss-der-diversion\">Vyl\u00fa\u010denie diverzie:<\/h3>\n\n<p>Odklon je vyl\u00fa\u010den\u00fd, ak<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>bolo vyhr\u00e1\u017ean\u00e9 smr\u0165ou alebo zna\u010dn\u00fdm zmrza\u010den\u00edm<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>bol ozn\u00e1men\u00fd \u00fanos alebo porovnate\u013ene z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 zlo<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>bol po dlh\u0161iu dobu vyvolan\u00fd mu\u010div\u00fd stav<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>obe\u0165 musela obetova\u0165 obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 osobn\u00e9 z\u00e1ujmy<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>nastala z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e1 nev\u00fdhoda<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>alebo ak spr\u00e1vanie celkovo predstavuje <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 poru\u0161enie osobn\u00fdch chr\u00e1nen\u00fdch hodn\u00f4t<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Len pri najmen\u0161ej vine a okam\u017eitej ch\u00e1pavosti m\u00f4\u017ee s\u00fad presk\u00fama\u0165, \u010di ide o v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00edpad. V praxi zost\u00e1va diverzia pri z\u00e1va\u017enom vydieran\u00ed <strong>mimoriadne zriedkavou<\/strong> mo\u017enos\u0165ou. <\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eBei der Strafzumessung z\u00e4hlt, wie konsequent das Gericht die Intensit\u00e4t des Zwangs, die Folgen f\u00fcr das Opfer und die pers\u00f6nliche Situation des Beschuldigten gegeneinander abw\u00e4gt.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafzumessung-amp-folgen\">Ukladanie trestu a n\u00e1sledky<\/h2>\n\n<p>S\u00fad ur\u010duje trest pod\u013ea <strong>z\u00e1va\u017enosti pou\u017eit\u00e9ho kvalifikovan\u00e9ho donucovacieho prostriedku<\/strong>, pod\u013ea intenzity vyhr\u00e1\u017eky alebo n\u00e1silia, ako aj pod\u013ea toho, ak\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tne n\u00e1sledky mala n\u00e1tlakov\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia pre obe\u0165. Rozhoduj\u00face je, \u010di p\u00e1chate\u013e <strong>hroz\u00ed alebo pou\u017eije obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 zlo<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad smr\u0165, zna\u010dn\u00e9 zmrza\u010denie, \u00fanos, n\u00e1padn\u00e9 znetvorenie alebo zni\u010denie ekonomickej existencie, a \u010di je tento prostriedok pou\u017eit\u00fd <strong>pl\u00e1novane alebo vo zv\u00fd\u0161enej miere<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-erschwerungsgrunde-bestehen-insbesondere-wenn\">Pri\u0165a\u017euj\u00face okolnosti existuj\u00fa najm\u00e4, ak<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>vyhr\u00e1\u017eka sa t\u00fdka obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho zla<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>obe\u0165 bola po dlh\u0161iu dobu dr\u017ean\u00e1 v mu\u010divom stave<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>vyhr\u00e1\u017eka p\u00f4sob\u00ed realisticky, bezprostredne a naliehavo<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>je vytvoren\u00fd \u00fanos alebo porovnate\u013ene z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1tlak<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>je pou\u017eit\u00e9 n\u00e1silie zna\u010dnej intenzity<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>nastala obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e1 nev\u00fdhoda<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>alebo existuj\u00fa <strong>relevantn\u00e9 predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face ods\u00fadenia<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-milderungsgrunde-sind-etwa\">Po\u013eah\u010duj\u00face okolnosti s\u00fa napr\u00edklad<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>bez\u00fahonnos\u0165<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>komplexn\u00e9 priznanie a rozpoznate\u013en\u00e1 \u013e\u00fatos\u0165<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>okam\u017eit\u00e9 ukon\u010denie don\u00fatenia<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>v\u00e1\u017ene snahy o n\u00e1pravu<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>mimoriadna psychick\u00e1 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017eov\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia p\u00e1chate\u013ea<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>alebo <strong>pr\u00edli\u0161 dlh\u00e9 trvanie konania<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>S\u00fad m\u00f4\u017ee <strong>trest od\u0148atia slobody<\/strong> <strong>podmiene\u010dne odpusti\u0165<\/strong>, ak <strong>nepresahuje dva roky<\/strong> a p\u00e1chate\u013e vykazuje <strong>pozit\u00edvnu soci\u00e1lnu progn\u00f3zu<\/strong>. V pr\u00edpade z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho vydierania je <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafrahmen\">Trestn\u00e1 sadzba<\/h2>\n\n<p>V pr\u00edpade <strong>\u0165a\u017ek\u00e9ho n\u00e1tlaku pod\u013ea \u00a7 106 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/strong> je trestn\u00e1 sadzba v z\u00e1kladnom pr\u00edpade <strong>trest od\u0148atia slobody od \u0161iestich mesiacov do piatich rokov<\/strong>. T\u00e1to zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 trestn\u00e1 sadzba plat\u00ed v\u017edy, ak je n\u00e1tlak sp\u00e1chan\u00fd <strong>obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm donucovac\u00edm prostriedkom<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p>Medzi kvalifikovan\u00e9 prostriedky hrozby alebo n\u00e1silia patria:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>vyhr\u00e1\u017eanie sa <strong>smr\u0165ou<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vyhr\u00e1\u017eanie sa <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm zmrza\u010den\u00edm<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vyhr\u00e1\u017eanie sa <strong>n\u00e1padn\u00fdm znetvoren\u00edm<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vyhr\u00e1\u017eanie sa <strong>\u00fanosom<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vyhr\u00e1\u017eanie sa <strong>podpa\u013ea\u010dstvom<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vyhr\u00e1\u017eanie sa <strong>ohrozen\u00edm jadrovou energiou, ionizuj\u00facim \u017eiaren\u00edm alebo v\u00fdbu\u0161ninami<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vyhr\u00e1\u017eanie sa <strong>zni\u010den\u00edm ekonomickej existencie alebo spolo\u010densk\u00e9ho postavenia<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>uvedenie obete do dlhotrvaj\u00faceho mu\u010div\u00e9ho stavu<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vyn\u00fatenie konania, strpenia alebo opomenutia, ktor\u00fdm s\u00fa poru\u0161en\u00e9 <strong>obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 z\u00e1ujmy<\/strong> obete.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>V pr\u00edpadoch, ke\u010f vydieranie vedie k <strong>samovra\u017ede<\/strong> alebo <strong>pokusu o samovra\u017edu<\/strong> dotknutej osoby, sa trestn\u00e1 sadzba zvy\u0161uje na <strong>jeden a\u017e desa\u0165 rokov od\u0148atia slobody<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Rovnak\u00e1 trestn\u00e1 sadzba <strong>jeden a\u017e desa\u0165 rokov<\/strong> plat\u00ed aj vtedy, ak je z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>sp\u00e1chan\u00e9 proti <strong>malolet\u00e9mu<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>v <strong>r\u00e1mci zlo\u010dineckej organiz\u00e1cie<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>s pou\u017eit\u00edm <strong>\u0165a\u017ek\u00e9ho n\u00e1silia<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>s <strong>\u00famyseln\u00fdm alebo hrubo nedbanliv\u00fdm ohrozen\u00edm \u017eivota<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>alebo s <strong>obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017enou ujmou<\/strong> pre obe\u0165<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>sp\u00e1chan\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n<p>Miernej\u0161ia trestn\u00e1 sadzba neexistuje. Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie predstavuje vzh\u013eadom na mas\u00edvne zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 donucovacie prostriedky zna\u010dn\u00fa nespravodlivos\u0165, a preto z\u00e1konodarca nepredpoklad\u00e1 \u017eiadne zn\u00ed\u017eenie kvalifik\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n\n<p>Odvolanie hrozby alebo neskor\u0161ie zmiernenie situ\u00e1cie nevedie k z\u00e1konn\u00e9mu zn\u00ed\u017eeniu trestu. Tak\u00e9to okolnosti mo\u017eno zoh\u013eadni\u0165 len v r\u00e1mci <strong>v\u00fdmeru trestu<\/strong>, nie v\u0161ak pri stanoven\u00ed z\u00e1konnej trestnej sadzby. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-geldstrafe-tagessatzsystem\">Pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fd trest \u2013 syst\u00e9m denn\u00fdch sadzieb<\/h2>\n\n<p>Rak\u00faske trestn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo vypo\u010d\u00edtava pe\u0148a\u017en\u00e9 tresty pod\u013ea <strong>syst\u00e9mu denn\u00fdch sadzieb<\/strong>. <strong>Po\u010det denn\u00fdch sadzieb<\/strong> sa riadi <strong>vinou<\/strong>, <strong>suma za de\u0148<\/strong> sa riadi <strong>finan\u010dnou schopnos\u0165ou<\/strong>. Trest sa tak prisp\u00f4sobuje osobn\u00fdm pomerom a napriek tomu zost\u00e1va cite\u013en\u00fd.  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Rozsah:<\/strong> a\u017e do <strong>720 denn\u00fdch sadzieb<\/strong> \u2013 minim\u00e1lne <strong>4 eur\u00e1<\/strong>, maxim\u00e1lne <strong>5 000 eur<\/strong> za de\u0148.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Praktick\u00fd vzorec:<\/strong> Pribli\u017ene <strong>6 mesiacov od\u0148atia slobody zodpoved\u00e1 pribli\u017ene 360 denn\u00fdm sadzb\u00e1m<\/strong>. Tento prepo\u010det sl\u00fa\u017ei len ako <strong>orient\u00e1cia<\/strong> a <strong>nie je pevnou sch\u00e9mou<\/strong>. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pri nezaplaten\u00ed:<\/strong> S\u00fad m\u00f4\u017ee ulo\u017ei\u0165 <strong>n\u00e1hradn\u00fd trest od\u0148atia slobody<\/strong>. Spravidla plat\u00ed: <strong>1 de\u0148 n\u00e1hradn\u00e9ho trestu od\u0148atia slobody zodpoved\u00e1 2 denn\u00fdm sadzb\u00e1m<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-hinweis\">Pozn\u00e1mka:<\/h4>\n\n<p>V pr\u00edpade <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho vydierania<\/strong> prich\u00e1dza pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fd trest do \u00favahy <strong>len vo v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch<\/strong>. Kvalifikovan\u00e9 donucovacie prostriedky v praxi <strong>pravidelne ved\u00fa k trestu od\u0148atia slobody<\/strong>, preto\u017ee zakladaj\u00fa podstatne vy\u0161\u0161iu vinu. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-freiheitsstrafe-amp-teil-bedingte-nachsicht\">Trest od\u0148atia slobody a (\u010diasto\u010dne) podmiene\u010dn\u00e9 odpustenie<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00a7 37 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona: Ak z\u00e1konn\u00e1 trestn\u00e1 sadzba dosahuje a\u017e p\u00e4\u0165 rokov, s\u00fad m\u00f4\u017ee namiesto kr\u00e1tkeho trestu od\u0148atia slobody do jedn\u00e9ho roka ulo\u017ei\u0165 pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fd trest. T\u00e1to mo\u017enos\u0165 existuje aj v pr\u00edpade <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho vydierania<\/strong>, ke\u010f\u017ee z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 trestn\u00e1 sadzba sa pohybuje od \u0161iestich mesiacov do piatich rokov. V praxi sa v\u0161ak \u00a7 37 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona <strong>uplat\u0148uje zdr\u017eanlivo<\/strong>, preto\u017ee kvalifikovan\u00e9 donucovacie prostriedky pravidelne vykazuj\u00fa podstatne vy\u0161\u0161iu nespravodlivos\u0165 a nazna\u010duj\u00fa trest od\u0148atia slobody.  <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00a7 43 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona: Trest od\u0148atia slobody m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 <strong>podmiene\u010dne odpusten\u00fd<\/strong>, ak nepresahuje dva roky a p\u00e1chate\u013e m\u00e1 pozit\u00edvnu soci\u00e1lnu progn\u00f3zu. T\u00e1to mo\u017enos\u0165 existuje aj pri   <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\"><\/a>V s\u00favislosti s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\">\u00a7 106 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a> sa v\u0161ak ude\u013euje <strong>zriedkavej\u0161ie<\/strong>, preto\u017ee z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vyhr\u00e1\u017eky alebo kvalifikovan\u00e9 n\u00e1silie spravidla vyjadruj\u00fa vy\u0161\u0161iu mieru viny. Podmiene\u010dn\u00e9 odpustenie trestu je preto re\u00e1lne len vtedy, ak je kvalifikovan\u00e1 skutkov\u00e1 podstata v konkr\u00e9tnom pr\u00edpade naplnen\u00e1 <strong>na spodnej hranici<\/strong> a neexistuje trval\u00e9 zastra\u0161ovanie.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u00a7 43a Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona: \u00a7 43a Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona: <strong>\u010ciasto\u010dn\u00e9 podmiene\u010dn\u00e9 odpustenie<\/strong> umo\u017e\u0148uje kombin\u00e1ciu nepodmiene\u010dnej a podmiene\u010dnej \u010dasti trestu od\u0148atia slobody. Je mo\u017en\u00e9 pri trestoch od viac ako \u0161iestich mesiacov do dvoch rokov. Ke\u010f\u017ee pri    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\"><\/a>Ke\u010f\u017ee pod\u013ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\">\u00a7 106 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a> m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pravidelne vynesen\u00e9 tresty od\u0148atia slobody v tejto oblasti, prich\u00e1dza v z\u00e1sade do \u00favahy \u010diasto\u010dn\u00e9 podmiene\u010dn\u00e9 odpustenie trestu. V pr\u00edpadoch s obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdmi vyhr\u00e1\u017ekami alebo \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdmi n\u00e1sledkami sa v\u0161ak uplat\u0148uje <strong>v\u00fdrazne zdr\u017eanlivej\u0161ie<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/trestne-pravo\/probacia-a-nariadenia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7\u00a7 50 a\u017e 52 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona:<\/a> S\u00fad m\u00f4\u017ee dodato\u010dne udeli\u0165 <strong>pokyny<\/strong> a nariadi\u0165 <strong>prob\u00e1ciu<\/strong>. Do \u00favahy prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa najm\u00e4 z\u00e1kazy kontaktu, programy proti agresii, n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody alebo terapeutick\u00e9 opatrenia. Cie\u013eom je stabiln\u00e9 pr\u00e1vne osved\u010denie a predch\u00e1dzanie \u010fal\u0161\u00edm n\u00fadzov\u00fdm situ\u00e1ci\u00e1m. V pr\u00edpade z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho vydierania sa osobitn\u00e1 pozornos\u0165 venuje ochrane obete a <strong>predch\u00e1dzaniu op\u00e4tovn\u00e9mu zastra\u0161ovaniu<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-zustandigkeit-der-gerichte\">Pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165 s\u00fadov<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sachliche-zustandigkeit\">Vecn\u00e1 pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165<\/h3>\n\n<p>V pr\u00edpade \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9ho n\u00e1tlaku pod\u013ea <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\">\u00a7 106 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a><\/strong> rozhoduje v z\u00e1sade <strong>krajsk\u00fd s\u00fad ako sen\u00e1t s pr\u00edsediacimi<\/strong>, preto\u017ee trestn\u00e1 sadzba sa pohybuje od \u0161iestich mesiacov do piatich rokov a teda ide o pre\u010din, ktor\u00fd u\u017e nespad\u00e1 do p\u00f4sobnosti okresn\u00e9ho s\u00fadu. Kvalifikovan\u00e9 donucovacie prostriedky ako vyhr\u00e1\u017eka smr\u0165ou, zna\u010dn\u00fdm zmrza\u010den\u00edm alebo \u00fanosom zakladaj\u00fa zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fa intenzitu z\u00e1sahu, ktor\u00e1 otv\u00e1ra rozhodovaciu pr\u00e1vomoc krajsk\u00e9ho s\u00fadu.<\/p>\n\n<p>Pr\u00e1vomoc okresn\u00e9ho s\u00fadu neexistuje. Akon\u00e1hle s\u00fa splnen\u00e9 znaky skutkovej podstaty <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\">\u00a7 106 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a><\/strong> alebo sa v konan\u00ed preuk\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee vydieranie m\u00e1 kvalifikovan\u00fd charakter, je v\u00fdlu\u010dne pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd krajsk\u00fd s\u00fad. <\/p>\n\n<p>Porotn\u00fd s\u00fad nie je predpokladan\u00fd, preto\u017ee trestn\u00e1 sadzba ani v kvalifikovan\u00fdch alebo n\u00e1sledkom kvalifikovan\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch nepredpoklad\u00e1 do\u017eivotn\u00fd trest od\u0148atia slobody, a t\u00fdm nie s\u00fa splnen\u00e9 z\u00e1konn\u00e9 predpoklady pre pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165 porotn\u00e9ho s\u00fadu.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ortliche-zustandigkeit\">Miestna pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165<\/h3>\n\n<p>Pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd je s\u00fad <strong>miesta \u010dinu<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00face je najm\u00e4, <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>kde bola vysloven\u00e1 kvalifikovan\u00e1 hrozba<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>kde do\u0161lo ku kvalifikovan\u00e9mu pou\u017eitiu n\u00e1silia<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>alebo <strong>kde bola obe\u0165 prin\u00faten\u00e1 k vyn\u00faten\u00e9mu spr\u00e1vaniu<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Ak miesto \u010dinu nemo\u017eno jednozna\u010dne ur\u010di\u0165, pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165 sa riadi pod\u013ea<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>bydliska obvinenej osoby<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>miesta zatknutia<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>alebo <strong>s\u00eddla vecne pr\u00edslu\u0161nej prokurat\u00fary<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Konanie sa vedie tam, kde je najlep\u0161ie zabezpe\u010den\u00e9 \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9 a riadne vykonanie.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-instanzenzug\">Odvolacie konanie<\/h3>\n\n<p>Proti rozsudkom krajsk\u00e9ho s\u00fadu je mo\u017en\u00e9 poda\u0165 <strong>odvolanie na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed krajsk\u00fd s\u00fad<\/strong>. Rozhodnutia vy\u0161\u0161ieho krajsk\u00e9ho s\u00fadu m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 n\u00e1sledne napadnut\u00e9 <strong>s\u0165a\u017enos\u0165ou pre zru\u0161enie<\/strong> alebo \u010fal\u0161\u00edm odvolan\u00edm na <strong>Najvy\u0161\u0161om s\u00fade<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-zivilanspruche-im-strafverfahren\">Ob\u010dianskopr\u00e1vne n\u00e1roky v trestnom konan\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>V pr\u00edpade \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9ho n\u00e1tlaku pod\u013ea <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\">\u00a7 106 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a><\/strong> m\u00f4\u017ee samotn\u00e1 obe\u0165 alebo bl\u00edzki pr\u00edbuzn\u00ed ako <strong>s\u00fakromn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci<\/strong> uplatni\u0165 ob\u010dianskopr\u00e1vne n\u00e1roky v trestnom konan\u00ed. Vzh\u013eadom na obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 donucovacie prostriedky, ako napr\u00edklad vyhr\u00e1\u017eka smr\u0165ou, zna\u010dn\u00fdm zmrza\u010den\u00edm, \u00fanosom alebo podnietenie k \u010dinom, ktor\u00e9 poru\u0161uj\u00fa obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 z\u00e1ujmy \u2013 pravidelne prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa do \u00favahy <strong>vy\u0161\u0161ie n\u00e1roky na od\u0161kodnenie bolesti<\/strong>, n\u00e1klady na psychologick\u00fa starostlivos\u0165, u\u0161l\u00fd zisk a n\u00e1hrada za \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 du\u0161evn\u00e9 alebo fyzick\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Pripojenie s\u00fakromn\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edka<\/strong> br\u00e1ni preml\u010daniu v\u0161etk\u00fdch uplatnen\u00fdch n\u00e1rokov, pokia\u013e je trestn\u00e9 konanie prebiehaj\u00face. A\u017e po pr\u00e1voplatnom ukon\u010den\u00ed za\u010dne preml\u010dacia lehota op\u00e4\u0165 plyn\u00fa\u0165, pokia\u013e n\u00e1rok nebol v plnom rozsahu priznan\u00fd. <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Dobrovo\u013en\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody<\/strong>, napr\u00edklad \u00faprimn\u00e9 ospravedlnenie, finan\u010dn\u00e9 vyrovnanie alebo akt\u00edvna podpora obete, m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 zmier\u0148uj\u00faci \u00fa\u010dinok na trest, ak sa uskuto\u010dn\u00ed <strong>v\u010das<\/strong>, <strong>d\u00f4veryhodne<\/strong> a <strong>\u00faplne<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ak v\u0161ak p\u00e1chate\u013e <strong>vyhr\u00e1\u017eal obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 kvalifikovan\u00fdmi prostriedkami<\/strong>, <strong>uviedol obe\u0165 na dlh\u0161\u00ed \u010das do mu\u010div\u00e9ho stavu<\/strong> alebo prin\u00fatil osobu k \u010dinu, ktor\u00fd <strong>poru\u0161uje obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 z\u00e1ujmy<\/strong>, neskor\u0161ia n\u00e1prava spravidla do zna\u010dnej miery str\u00e1ca svoj zmier\u0148uj\u00faci \u00fa\u010dinok. V tak\u00fdchto kvalifikovan\u00fdch donucovac\u00edch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch u\u017e dodato\u010dn\u00e9 od\u0161kodnenie <strong>nem\u00f4\u017ee rozhoduj\u00faco zmierni\u0165<\/strong> sp\u00e1chan\u00fa nespravodlivos\u0165. <\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-peter-harlander\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/ph100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Peter Harlander<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eWer den Ablauf des Strafverfahrens kennt, kann strategische Entscheidungen fr\u00fch treffen und vermeidet es, Chancen in den ersten Verfahrensphasen ungen\u00fctzt zu lassen.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafverfahren-im-uberblick\">Preh\u013ead trestn\u00e9ho konania<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Za\u010diatok vy\u0161etrovania:<\/strong> Postavenie obvinen\u00e9ho pri konkr\u00e9tnom podozren\u00ed; od tohto momentu pln\u00e9 pr\u00e1va obvinen\u00e9ho.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pol\u00edcia\/Prokurat\u00fara:<\/strong> Prokurat\u00fara riadi, krimin\u00e1lna pol\u00edcia vy\u0161etruje; Cie\u013e: Zastavenie, odklon alebo ob\u017ealoba.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V\u00fdsluch obvinen\u00e9ho:<\/strong> Pou\u010denie vopred; prizvanie obhajcu vedie k odkladu; pr\u00e1vo ml\u010da\u0165 zost\u00e1va.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nahliadnutie do spisu:<\/strong> u pol\u00edcie\/prokurat\u00fary\/s\u00fadu; zah\u0155\u0148a aj d\u00f4kazn\u00e9 predmety (pokia\u013e nie je ohrozen\u00fd \u00fa\u010del vy\u0161etrovania).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hlavn\u00e9 pojedn\u00e1vanie:<\/strong> \u00fastne dokazovanie, rozsudok; rozhodnutie o n\u00e1rokoch po\u0161koden\u00fdch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-beschuldigtenrechte\">Pr\u00e1va obvinen\u00e9ho<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Inform\u00e1cie a obhajoba:<\/strong> Pr\u00e1vo na ozn\u00e1menie, pr\u00e1vnu pomoc, slobodn\u00fa vo\u013ebu obhajcu, prekladate\u013esk\u00fa pomoc, n\u00e1vrhy na d\u00f4kazy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ml\u010danie a advok\u00e1t:<\/strong> Pr\u00e1vo ml\u010da\u0165 kedyko\u013evek; pri prizvan\u00ed obhajcu sa v\u00fdsluch odklad\u00e1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pou\u010dovacia povinnos\u0165:<\/strong> v\u010dasn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie o podozren\u00ed\/pr\u00e1vach; v\u00fdnimky len na zabezpe\u010denie \u00fa\u010delu vy\u0161etrovania.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nahliadnutie do spisu v praxi:<\/strong> Vy\u0161etrovacie a hlavn\u00e9 konanie; nahliadnutie tret\u00edch str\u00e1n obmedzen\u00e9 v prospech obvinen\u00e9ho.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-praxis-amp-verhaltenstipps\">Prax a tipy na spr\u00e1vanie<\/h2>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Zachovajte ml\u010danie.<\/strong><br\/>Sta\u010d\u00ed kr\u00e1tke vysvetlenie: \u201eUplat\u0148ujem svoje pr\u00e1vo ml\u010da\u0165 a najprv sa porozpr\u00e1vam so svojou obhajobou.\u201c Toto pr\u00e1vo plat\u00ed u\u017e od prv\u00e9ho v\u00fdsluchu pol\u00edciou alebo prokurat\u00farou. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Okam\u017eite kontaktujte obhajobu.<\/strong><br\/>Bez nahliadnutia do vy\u0161etrovac\u00edch spisov by sa nemala pod\u00e1va\u0165 \u017eiadna v\u00fdpove\u010f. A\u017e po nahliadnut\u00ed do spisu m\u00f4\u017ee obhajoba pos\u00fadi\u0165, ak\u00e1 strat\u00e9gia a ak\u00e9 zabezpe\u010denie d\u00f4kazov s\u00fa zmyslupln\u00e9. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>D\u00f4kazy okam\u017eite zabezpe\u010dte.<\/strong><br\/>Vyhotovte lek\u00e1rske n\u00e1lezy, fotografie s d\u00e1tumom a mierkou, pr\u00edpadne r\u00f6ntgenov\u00e9 alebo CT sn\u00edmky. Oble\u010denie, predmety a digit\u00e1lne z\u00e1znamy uchov\u00e1vajte oddelene. Zoznam svedkov a pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9 protokoly vypracujte najnesk\u00f4r do dvoch dn\u00ed.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nenadv\u00e4zujte kontakt s protistranou.<\/strong><br\/>Va\u0161e vlastn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy, hovory alebo pr\u00edspevky m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00e9 ako d\u00f4kaz proti v\u00e1m. V\u0161etka komunik\u00e1cia by mala prebieha\u0165 v\u00fdlu\u010dne prostredn\u00edctvom obhajoby. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Video a d\u00e1tov\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy v\u010das zabezpe\u010dte.<\/strong><br\/>Monitorovacie vide\u00e1 vo verejnej doprave, podnikoch alebo od spr\u00e1vcov budov sa \u010dasto po nieko\u013ek\u00fdch d\u0148och automaticky vyma\u017e\u00fa. \u017diadosti o zabezpe\u010denie d\u00e1t preto musia by\u0165 okam\u017eite podan\u00e9 prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013eom, pol\u00edcii alebo prokurat\u00fare. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dokumentujte prehliadky a zaistenia.<\/strong><br\/>Pri domov\u00fdch prehliadkach alebo zaisteniach by ste mali po\u017eadova\u0165 k\u00f3piu pr\u00edkazu alebo z\u00e1pisnice. Zaznamenajte d\u00e1tum, \u010das, z\u00fa\u010dastnen\u00e9 osoby a v\u0161etky odnesen\u00e9 predmety. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pri zatknut\u00ed: \u017eiadne vyjadrenia k veci.<\/strong><br\/>Trvajte na okam\u017eitom ozn\u00e1men\u00ed va\u0161ej obhajobe. Vy\u0161etrovacia v\u00e4zba smie by\u0165 ulo\u017een\u00e1 len pri d\u00f4vodnom podozren\u00ed z trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu a dodato\u010dnom d\u00f4vode v\u00e4zby. Miernej\u0161ie prostriedky (napr. s\u013eub, oznamovacia povinnos\u0165, z\u00e1kaz kontaktu) maj\u00fa prednos\u0165.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cielene pripravte n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody.<\/strong><br\/>Platby alebo ponuky na od\u0161kodnenie by mali by\u0165 vybavovan\u00e9 a dolo\u017een\u00e9 v\u00fdlu\u010dne prostredn\u00edctvom obhajoby. \u0160trukt\u00farovan\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody m\u00e1 pozit\u00edvny vplyv na odklon a ur\u010denie trestu. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ihre-vorteile-mit-anwaltlicher-unterstutzung\">Va\u0161e v\u00fdhody s pr\u00e1vnou podporou<\/h2>\n\n<p>Konanie pre vydieranie patr\u00ed k n\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161\u00edm oblastiam trestn\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va. Obvinenia Konanie pre <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie<\/strong> pod\u013ea <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\">\u00a7 106 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a><\/strong> patr\u00ed k pr\u00e1vne najn\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161\u00edm kon\u0161tel\u00e1ci\u00e1m v r\u00e1mci trestn\u00fdch \u010dinov n\u00e1tlaku. Obvinenia sa t\u00fdkaj\u00fa <strong>obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch foriem ovplyv\u0148ovania<\/strong>, ako s\u00fa vyhr\u00e1\u017eky smr\u0165ou alebo \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdm zmrza\u010den\u00edm, uvedenie osoby do mu\u010div\u00e9ho stavu alebo vyn\u00fatenie konania, ktor\u00e9 poru\u0161uje <strong>obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 z\u00e1ujmy<\/strong>. V tak\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch je pravidelne sporn\u00e9, \u010di tvrden\u00e1 hrozba skuto\u010dne dosahuje vysok\u00fa kvalitu, ktor\u00fa z\u00e1kon vy\u017eaduje, alebo \u010di sa m\u00e1 udalos\u0165 v skuto\u010dnosti posudzova\u0165 inak.   <\/p>\n\n<p>\u010ci ide o <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie<\/strong>, z\u00e1vis\u00ed rozhoduj\u00faco od toho, \u010di bol pou\u017eit\u00fd donucovac\u00ed prostriedok objekt\u00edvne sp\u00f4sobil\u00fd \u00faplne zlomi\u0165 slobodn\u00e9 rozhodovanie v\u00f4le a uvies\u0165 obe\u0165 do situ\u00e1cie osobitnej bezbrannosti. Mal\u00e9 rozdiely vo formul\u00e1cii hrozby, v intenzite postupu alebo vo vz\u0165ahu medzi z\u00fa\u010dastnen\u00fdmi stranami m\u00f4\u017eu mas\u00edvne zmeni\u0165 pr\u00e1vne pos\u00fadenie. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"><strong>V\u010dasn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vne zast\u00fapenie<\/strong> zaru\u010duje, \u017ee d\u00f4kazy s\u00fa zhroma\u017eden\u00e9 \u00faplne a spr\u00e1vne, v\u00fdpovede s\u00fa spo\u013eahlivo zaraden\u00e9 a s\u00fa vyvinut\u00e9 bezrozporn\u00e9 argumenta\u010dn\u00e9 l\u00ednie. Len presn\u00e1 anal\u00fdza uk\u00e1\u017ee, \u010di s\u00fa podmienky z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho vydierania skuto\u010dne splnen\u00e9, alebo \u010di obvinenie vych\u00e1dza z preh\u00e1\u0148ania, chybn\u00fdch interpret\u00e1ci\u00ed alebo nejasn\u00fdch \u017eivotn\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Na\u0161a advok\u00e1tska kancel\u00e1ria<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>prever\u00ed, \u010di tvrden\u00e1 hrozba skuto\u010dne dosahuje kvalitu jedn\u00e9ho z kvalifikovan\u00fdch prostriedkov uveden\u00fdch v <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=106&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\">\u00a7 106 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/a>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>analyzuje v\u00fdpovede, spr\u00e1vy a situ\u00e1cie stretnut\u00ed z h\u013eadiska <strong>rozporov<\/strong>, <strong>preh\u00e1\u0148ania<\/strong> alebo <strong>nespr\u00e1vne zaraden\u00fdch z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e\u00ed<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>spo\u013eahlivo v\u00e1s chr\u00e1ni pred jednostrann\u00fdmi vyhl\u00e1seniami a un\u00e1hlen\u00fdmi z\u00e1vermi,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a vyv\u00edja \u0161trukt\u00farovan\u00fa obrann\u00fa strat\u00e9giu, ktor\u00e1 presne a zrozumite\u013ene zobrazuje skuto\u010dn\u00e9 udalosti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Jasn\u00e9 a profesion\u00e1lne zast\u00fapenie zabezpe\u010duje, \u017ee obvinenie z <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho vydierania<\/strong> je pr\u00e1vne d\u00f4kladne preveren\u00e9 a \u017ee <strong>v\u0161etky za\u0165a\u017euj\u00face aj oslobodzuj\u00face okolnosti<\/strong> s\u00fa komplexne zoh\u013eadnen\u00e9.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eGezielt gestellte Fragen zur schweren N\u00f6tigung schaffen Klarheit dar\u00fcber, welche Risiken konkret drohen und welche Handlungsspielr\u00e4ume noch bestehen.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-faq-haufig-gestellte-fragen\">\u010cast\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq uagb-faq__outer-wrap uagb-block-SCHWERE-NOETIGUNG-FAQ uagb-faq-icon-row uagb-faq-layout-accordion uagb-faq-expand-first-true uagb-faq-inactive-other-true uagb-faq__wrap uagb-buttons-layout-wrap uagb-faq-equal-height     \" data-faqtoggle=\"true\" role=\"tablist\"><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/harlander-partner.eu\\\/sk\\\/trestne-pravo\\\/natlak-2\\\/\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"\\u010co sa rozumie pod z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00fdm vydieran\\u00edm pod\\u013ea \\u00a7 106 Trestn\\u00e9ho z\\u00e1kona?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 vydieranie nast\\u00e1va, ak niekto sp\\u00e1cha vydieranie obzvl\\u00e1\\u0161\\u0165 z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00fdmi prostriedkami, napr\\u00edklad vyhr\\u00e1\\u017ean\\u00edm sa smr\\u0165ou, z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00fdm zmrza\\u010den\\u00edm, \\u00fanosom alebo zni\\u010den\\u00edm ekonomickej existencie. Hrozba alebo n\\u00e1silie musia by\\u0165 nato\\u013eko intenz\\u00edvne, aby takmer \\u00faplne potla\\u010dili slobodu rozhodovania obete. Ide teda o situ\\u00e1cie n\\u00e1tlaku, ktor\\u00e9 presahuj\\u00fa be\\u017en\\u00fd tlak alebo jednoduch\\u00e9 vyhr\\u00e1\\u017eky. Rozhoduj\\u00face je, \\u017ee je ozn\\u00e1men\\u00e9 alebo pou\\u017eit\\u00e9 objekt\\u00edvne z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 zlo, ktor\\u00e9 u obete vyvol\\u00e1va existen\\u010dn\\u00fd strach.    \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"V \\u010dom sa l\\u00ed\\u0161i z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 vydieranie od jednoduch\\u00e9ho vydierania?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Jednoduch\\u00e9 vydieranie zah\\u0155\\u0148a ak\\u00e9ko\\u013evek protipr\\u00e1vne ovplyv\\u0148ovanie n\\u00e1sil\\u00edm alebo nebezpe\\u010dnou hrozbou, ktor\\u00e9 obmedzuje slobodu v\\u00f4le. Z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 vydieranie navy\\u0161e predpoklad\\u00e1 kvalifikovan\\u00fd donucovac\\u00ed prostriedok, napr\\u00edklad vyhr\\u00e1\\u017eanie sa smr\\u0165ou, \\u0165a\\u017ek\\u00fdm zmrza\\u010den\\u00edm alebo \\u00fanosom. T\\u00fdm sa v\\u00fdrazne zvy\\u0161uje intenzita z\\u00e1sahu a situ\\u00e1cia pre obe\\u0165 je podstatne z\\u00e1va\\u017enej\\u0161ia. Preto je aj trestn\\u00e1 sadzba vy\\u0161\\u0161ia, preto\\u017ee z\\u00e1konodarca tieto pr\\u00edpady klasifikuje ako obzvl\\u00e1\\u0161\\u0165 zavrhnutiahodn\\u00e9.    \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Ak\\u00e9 tresty hrozia pri z\\u00e1va\\u017enom vydieran\\u00ed?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Za z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 vydieranie z\\u00e1kon v z\\u00e1kladnom pr\\u00edpade stanovuje trest od\\u0148atia slobody od \\u0161iestich mesiacov do piatich rokov. Zv\\u00fd\\u0161en\\u00e9 trestn\\u00e9 sadzby od jedn\\u00e9ho do desiatich rokov platia, ak nastan\\u00fa ur\\u010dit\\u00e9 kvalifikuj\\u00face n\\u00e1sledky alebo okolnosti, napr\\u00edklad pokus o samovra\\u017edu alebo \\u010din proti malolet\\u00e9mu. Pe\\u0148a\\u017en\\u00fd trest tu prich\\u00e1dza do \\u00favahy len vo v\\u00fdnimo\\u010dn\\u00fdch pr\\u00edpadoch, preto\\u017ee pou\\u017eit\\u00e9 donucovacie prostriedky sa pravidelne pova\\u017euj\\u00fa za obzvl\\u00e1\\u0161\\u0165 z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9. S\\u00fad pri v\\u00fdmere trestu zoh\\u013ead\\u0148uje tak pri\\u0165a\\u017euj\\u00face, ako aj mo\\u017en\\u00e9 po\\u013eah\\u010duj\\u00face okolnosti.    \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"M\\u00f4\\u017ee obe\\u0165 jednoducho stiahnu\\u0165 ozn\\u00e1menie pre z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 vydieranie?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 vydieranie sa st\\u00edha z \\u00faradnej moci. To znamen\\u00e1, \\u017ee pol\\u00edcia a prokurat\\u00fara pokra\\u010duj\\u00fa vo vy\\u0161etrovan\\u00ed aj vtedy, ak obe\\u0165 nesk\\u00f4r nechce vypoveda\\u0165 alebo chce stiahnu\\u0165 ozn\\u00e1menie. Postoj obete m\\u00f4\\u017ee ovplyvni\\u0165 v\\u00fdmer trestu, ale neru\\u0161\\u00ed trestnos\\u0165. Najm\\u00e4 pri z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00fdch vyhr\\u00e1\\u017ekach prokurat\\u00fara samostatne preveruje, \\u010di existuje verejn\\u00fd z\\u00e1ujem na trestnom st\\u00edhan\\u00ed.    \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Mus\\u00edm ako obe\\u0165 alebo svedok vypoveda\\u0165 v konan\\u00ed pre z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 vydieranie?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Obete a svedkovia s\\u00fa v z\\u00e1sade povinn\\u00ed vypoveda\\u0165. Ur\\u010dit\\u00ed bl\\u00edzki pr\\u00edbuzn\\u00ed v\\u0161ak maj\\u00fa pr\\u00e1vo odmietnu\\u0165 v\\u00fdpove\\u010f, ktor\\u00e9 mus\\u00ed s\\u00fad vysvetli\\u0165 pred za\\u010diatkom v\\u00fdsluchu. Kto vypoved\\u00e1, je povinn\\u00fd hovori\\u0165 pravdu a nesmie \\u00famyselne skres\\u013eova\\u0165 alebo zaml\\u010dova\\u0165 inform\\u00e1cie. V pr\\u00edpade osobitn\\u00fdch z\\u00e1\\u0165a\\u017eov\\u00fdch situ\\u00e1ci\\u00ed prich\\u00e1dzaj\\u00fa do \\u00favahy ochrann\\u00e9 opatrenia, napr\\u00edklad \\u0161etrn\\u00fd v\\u00fdsluch alebo vyl\\u00fa\\u010denie verejnosti.    \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Bol som obvinen\\u00fd zo z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9ho vydierania. Ako sa m\\u00e1m spr\\u00e1va\\u0165? \",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Berte ozn\\u00e1menie pre z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 vydieranie ve\\u013emi v\\u00e1\\u017ene a vyh\\u00fdbajte sa spont\\u00e1nnym ospravedlneniam vo\\u010di pol\\u00edcii alebo prokurat\\u00fare. Mali by ste vyu\\u017ei\\u0165 svoje pr\\u00e1vo ml\\u010da\\u0165 a najprv kontaktova\\u0165 obhajcu. A\\u017e po nahliadnut\\u00ed do spisu je mo\\u017en\\u00e9 pos\\u00fadi\\u0165, ak\\u00e9 d\\u00f4kazy s\\u00fa k dispoz\\u00edcii a ak\\u00e1 strat\\u00e9gia je zmyslupln\\u00e1. Ka\\u017ed\\u00e1 neuv\\u00e1\\u017een\\u00e1 v\\u00fdpove\\u010f m\\u00f4\\u017ee by\\u0165 nesk\\u00f4r pou\\u017eit\\u00e1 proti v\\u00e1m, a preto je potrebn\\u00e9 ju vopred prediskutova\\u0165 s obhajobou.    \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Ak\\u00e9 n\\u00e1sledky m\\u00e1 ods\\u00fadenie za z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 vydieranie pre moju bud\\u00facnos\\u0165?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Ods\\u00fadenie za z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 vydieranie sa zapisuje do registra trestov a m\\u00f4\\u017ee ma\\u0165 dlhodob\\u00fd vplyv na povolanie, previerky spo\\u013eahlivosti a ur\\u010dit\\u00e9 \\u017eivnostensk\\u00e9 opr\\u00e1vnenia. \\u010c\\u00edm vy\\u0161\\u0161\\u00ed je trest, t\\u00fdm silnej\\u0161\\u00ed je negat\\u00edvny vplyv na va\\u0161u osobn\\u00fa a profesion\\u00e1lnu perspekt\\u00edvu. Okrem toho m\\u00f4\\u017eu vo\\u010di v\\u00e1m vznikn\\u00fa\\u0165 ob\\u010dianskopr\\u00e1vne n\\u00e1roky obete, napr\\u00edklad od\\u0161kodnenie za boles\\u0165 a utrpenie alebo n\\u00e1klady na lie\\u010dbu. Pr\\u00e1ve kv\\u00f4li t\\u00fdmto \\u010falekosiahlym d\\u00f4sledkom sa naliehavo odpor\\u00fa\\u010da v\\u010dasn\\u00e9 a \\u0161pecializovan\\u00e9 pr\\u00e1vne poradenstvo.    \"}}]}<\/script><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-SCHWERE-NOETIGUNG-Q1 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">\u010co sa rozumie pod z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm vydieran\u00edm pod\u013ea \u00a7 106 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie nast\u00e1va, ak niekto sp\u00e1cha vydieranie obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdmi prostriedkami, napr\u00edklad vyhr\u00e1\u017ean\u00edm sa smr\u0165ou, z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm zmrza\u010den\u00edm, \u00fanosom alebo zni\u010den\u00edm ekonomickej existencie. Hrozba alebo n\u00e1silie musia by\u0165 nato\u013eko intenz\u00edvne, aby takmer \u00faplne potla\u010dili slobodu rozhodovania obete. Ide teda o situ\u00e1cie n\u00e1tlaku, ktor\u00e9 presahuj\u00fa be\u017en\u00fd tlak alebo jednoduch\u00e9 vyhr\u00e1\u017eky. Rozhoduj\u00face je, \u017ee je ozn\u00e1men\u00e9 alebo pou\u017eit\u00e9 objekt\u00edvne z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 zlo, ktor\u00e9 u obete vyvol\u00e1va existen\u010dn\u00fd strach.    <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-SCHWERE-NOETIGUNG-Q2 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">V \u010dom sa l\u00ed\u0161i z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie od jednoduch\u00e9ho vydierania?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Jednoduch\u00e9 vydieranie zah\u0155\u0148a ak\u00e9ko\u013evek protipr\u00e1vne ovplyv\u0148ovanie n\u00e1sil\u00edm alebo nebezpe\u010dnou hrozbou, ktor\u00e9 obmedzuje slobodu v\u00f4le. Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie navy\u0161e predpoklad\u00e1 kvalifikovan\u00fd donucovac\u00ed prostriedok, napr\u00edklad vyhr\u00e1\u017eanie sa smr\u0165ou, \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdm zmrza\u010den\u00edm alebo \u00fanosom. T\u00fdm sa v\u00fdrazne zvy\u0161uje intenzita z\u00e1sahu a situ\u00e1cia pre obe\u0165 je podstatne z\u00e1va\u017enej\u0161ia. Preto je aj trestn\u00e1 sadzba vy\u0161\u0161ia, preto\u017ee z\u00e1konodarca tieto pr\u00edpady klasifikuje ako obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 zavrhnutiahodn\u00e9.    <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-SCHWERE-NOETIGUNG-Q3 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Ak\u00e9 tresty hrozia pri z\u00e1va\u017enom vydieran\u00ed?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Za z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie z\u00e1kon v z\u00e1kladnom pr\u00edpade stanovuje trest od\u0148atia slobody od \u0161iestich mesiacov do piatich rokov. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 trestn\u00e9 sadzby od jedn\u00e9ho do desiatich rokov platia, ak nastan\u00fa ur\u010dit\u00e9 kvalifikuj\u00face n\u00e1sledky alebo okolnosti, napr\u00edklad pokus o samovra\u017edu alebo \u010din proti malolet\u00e9mu. Pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fd trest tu prich\u00e1dza do \u00favahy len vo v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch, preto\u017ee pou\u017eit\u00e9 donucovacie prostriedky sa pravidelne pova\u017euj\u00fa za obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9. S\u00fad pri v\u00fdmere trestu zoh\u013ead\u0148uje tak pri\u0165a\u017euj\u00face, ako aj mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u013eah\u010duj\u00face okolnosti.    <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-SCHWERE-NOETIGUNG-Q4 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">M\u00f4\u017ee obe\u0165 jednoducho stiahnu\u0165 ozn\u00e1menie pre z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie sa st\u00edha z \u00faradnej moci. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pol\u00edcia a prokurat\u00fara pokra\u010duj\u00fa vo vy\u0161etrovan\u00ed aj vtedy, ak obe\u0165 nesk\u00f4r nechce vypoveda\u0165 alebo chce stiahnu\u0165 ozn\u00e1menie. Postoj obete m\u00f4\u017ee ovplyvni\u0165 v\u00fdmer trestu, ale neru\u0161\u00ed trestnos\u0165. Najm\u00e4 pri z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch vyhr\u00e1\u017ekach prokurat\u00fara samostatne preveruje, \u010di existuje verejn\u00fd z\u00e1ujem na trestnom st\u00edhan\u00ed.    <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-SCHWERE-NOETIGUNG-Q5 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Mus\u00edm ako obe\u0165 alebo svedok vypoveda\u0165 v konan\u00ed pre z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Obete a svedkovia s\u00fa v z\u00e1sade povinn\u00ed vypoveda\u0165. Ur\u010dit\u00ed bl\u00edzki pr\u00edbuzn\u00ed v\u0161ak maj\u00fa pr\u00e1vo odmietnu\u0165 v\u00fdpove\u010f, ktor\u00e9 mus\u00ed s\u00fad vysvetli\u0165 pred za\u010diatkom v\u00fdsluchu. Kto vypoved\u00e1, je povinn\u00fd hovori\u0165 pravdu a nesmie \u00famyselne skres\u013eova\u0165 alebo zaml\u010dova\u0165 inform\u00e1cie. V pr\u00edpade osobitn\u00fdch z\u00e1\u0165a\u017eov\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00ed prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa do \u00favahy ochrann\u00e9 opatrenia, napr\u00edklad \u0161etrn\u00fd v\u00fdsluch alebo vyl\u00fa\u010denie verejnosti.    <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-SCHWERE-NOETIGUNG-Q6 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Bol som obvinen\u00fd zo z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho vydierania. Ako sa m\u00e1m spr\u00e1va\u0165? <\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Berte ozn\u00e1menie pre z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie ve\u013emi v\u00e1\u017ene a vyh\u00fdbajte sa spont\u00e1nnym ospravedlneniam vo\u010di pol\u00edcii alebo prokurat\u00fare. Mali by ste vyu\u017ei\u0165 svoje pr\u00e1vo ml\u010da\u0165 a najprv kontaktova\u0165 obhajcu. A\u017e po nahliadnut\u00ed do spisu je mo\u017en\u00e9 pos\u00fadi\u0165, ak\u00e9 d\u00f4kazy s\u00fa k dispoz\u00edcii a ak\u00e1 strat\u00e9gia je zmyslupln\u00e1. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 neuv\u00e1\u017een\u00e1 v\u00fdpove\u010f m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 nesk\u00f4r pou\u017eit\u00e1 proti v\u00e1m, a preto je potrebn\u00e9 ju vopred prediskutova\u0165 s obhajobou.    <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-SCHWERE-NOETIGUNG-Q7 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Ak\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky m\u00e1 ods\u00fadenie za z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie pre moju bud\u00facnos\u0165?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Ods\u00fadenie za z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie sa zapisuje do registra trestov a m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 dlhodob\u00fd vplyv na povolanie, previerky spo\u013eahlivosti a ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u017eivnostensk\u00e9 opr\u00e1vnenia. \u010c\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed je trest, t\u00fdm silnej\u0161\u00ed je negat\u00edvny vplyv na va\u0161u osobn\u00fa a profesion\u00e1lnu perspekt\u00edvu. Okrem toho m\u00f4\u017eu vo\u010di v\u00e1m vznikn\u00fa\u0165 ob\u010dianskopr\u00e1vne n\u00e1roky obete, napr\u00edklad od\u0161kodnenie za boles\u0165 a utrpenie alebo n\u00e1klady na lie\u010dbu. Pr\u00e1ve kv\u00f4li t\u00fdmto \u010falekosiahlym d\u00f4sledkom sa naliehavo odpor\u00fa\u010da v\u010dasn\u00e9 a \u0161pecializovan\u00e9 pr\u00e1vne poradenstvo.    <\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie pod\u013ea \u00a7 106 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona nast\u00e1va, ak je osoba n\u00faten\u00e1 k spr\u00e1vaniu obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 intenz\u00edvnym n\u00e1sil\u00edm alebo kvalifikovanou vyhr\u00e1\u017ekou, ktor\u00e9 by bez tohto p\u00f4sobenia v \u017eiadnom pr\u00edpade &#8230;","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":89432,"parent":41434,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[836],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-87087","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-trestne-pravo"],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7106-Schwere-Noetigung.webp",1920,1080,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7106-Schwere-Noetigung-100x100.webp",100,100,true],"medium":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7106-Schwere-Noetigung-800x450.webp",800,450,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7106-Schwere-Noetigung.webp",1920,1080,false],"large":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7106-Schwere-Noetigung.webp",1920,1080,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7106-Schwere-Noetigung.webp",1536,864,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7106-Schwere-Noetigung.webp",1920,1080,false],"336x":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7106-Schwere-Noetigung-336x189.webp",336,189,true],"352x":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7106-Schwere-Noetigung-352x198.webp",352,198,true],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7106-Schwere-Noetigung-300x300.webp",300,300,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7106-Schwere-Noetigung-600x338.webp",600,338,true],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7106-Schwere-Noetigung-100x100.webp",100,100,true],"yarpp-thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7106-Schwere-Noetigung-120x120.webp",120,120,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Simon Prem","author_link":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/author\/simon-prem\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vydieranie pod\u013ea \u00a7 106 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona nast\u00e1va, ak je osoba n\u00faten\u00e1 k spr\u00e1vaniu obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 intenz\u00edvnym n\u00e1sil\u00edm alebo kvalifikovanou vyhr\u00e1\u017ekou, ktor\u00e9 by bez tohto p\u00f4sobenia v \u017eiadnom pr\u00edpade ...","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/87087","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=87087"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/87087\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/41434"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/89432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=87087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=87087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=87087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}