{"id":43796,"date":"2022-12-21T06:48:35","date_gmt":"2022-12-21T05:48:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/prava-k-nehnutelnostiam\/"},"modified":"2025-11-25T13:46:49","modified_gmt":"2025-11-25T12:46:49","slug":"prava-k-nehnutelnostiam","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/pravo-nehnutelnosti\/prava-k-nehnutelnostiam\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u00e1va k nehnute\u013enostiam"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Udelenie pr\u00e1v a in\u00e9 typy prevodov<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Darovanie<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Darovanie je bezodplatn\u00e9 prenechanie veci (\u00a7 938 ABGB). Existuj\u00fa dve r\u00f4zne mo\u017enosti <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>darovanie so skuto\u010dn\u00fdm odovzdan\u00edm a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>darovanie bez skuto\u010dn\u00e9ho odovzdania.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Darovania so skuto\u010dn\u00fdm odovzdan\u00edm, ako aj darovania oslobodzuj\u00face od dlhu, nepodliehaj\u00fa \u017eiadnej form\u00e1lnej po\u017eiadavke. Napr\u00edklad, star\u00fd otec daruje svojmu vnukovi auto a odovzd\u00e1 mu k\u013e\u00fa\u010de spolu s dokladmi od vozidla. Alebo vnuk dlhuje svojmu star\u00e9mu otcovi 100,00 \u20ac, ale star\u00fd otec sa vzd\u00e1 splatenia.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Darovanie bez skuto\u010dn\u00e9ho odovzdania (s\u013eub darovania) podlieha form\u00e1lnej po\u017eiadavke (not\u00e1rska z\u00e1pisnica).<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Form\u00e1lna po\u017eiadavka predstavuje ochranu pred un\u00e1hlenos\u0165ou, resp. varovn\u00fa funkciu, aby sa predi\u0161lo neuv\u00e1\u017een\u00fdm s\u013eubom darovania. Bez not\u00e1rskej z\u00e1pisnice je s\u013eub darovania neplatn\u00fd. Not\u00e1rska z\u00e1pisnica je p\u00edsomn\u00fd dokument not\u00e1ra.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V r\u00e1mci vypracovania darovac\u00edch zml\u00fav nie je neobvykl\u00e9 udelenie pr\u00e1v alebo z\u00e1ruk pre darcu, ako s\u00fa napr\u00edklad pr\u00e1va u\u017e\u00edvania bytu, pr\u00e1va u\u017e\u00edvania plodov (\u00fa\u017eitku), z\u00e1kazy za\u0165a\u017eenia a scudzenia alebo predkupn\u00e9 pr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pr\u00e1vo u\u017e\u00edvania bytu<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00e1vo b\u00fdvania je pr\u00e1vo u\u017e\u00edvania a je zap\u00edsan\u00e9 v katastri nehnute\u013enost\u00ed v liste C. Pr\u00e1vo b\u00fdvania je vecn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo b\u00fdva\u0165 v nehnute\u013enosti alebo v darovanom objekte (dom, byt, \u2026). Toto pr\u00e1vo je v\u00fdsostne osobn\u00e9 a nem\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 preveden\u00e9 na nikoho in\u00e9ho; smr\u0165ou toto pr\u00e1vo zanik\u00e1.   <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aby bolo pr\u00e1vo b\u00fdvania zap\u00edsan\u00e9 do katastra nehnute\u013enost\u00ed, je potrebn\u00e1 zmluva vr\u00e1tane udelenia pr\u00e1v a s\u00fahlasn\u00e9ho vyhl\u00e1senia. Pr\u00e1vo b\u00fdvania m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 \u010dasovo obmedzen\u00e9 alebo do\u017eivotn\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zru\u0161enie alebo v\u00fdmaz pr\u00e1va b\u00fdvania je vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine pr\u00edpadov ve\u013emi obtia\u017ene bez s\u00fahlasu opr\u00e1vnenej osoby.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00e1vo b\u00fdvania mo\u017eno odobra\u0165 opr\u00e1vnen\u00e9mu len vtedy, ak nastane \u201ene\u00fanosn\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia\u201c. Existuje aj mo\u017enos\u0165 \u201evyplatenia\u201c pr\u00e1va b\u00fdvania, av\u0161ak predpokladom je s\u00fahlas opr\u00e1vnenej osoby. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pri scudzen\u00ed veci s viaznucim pr\u00e1vom b\u00fdvania treba po\u010d\u00edta\u0165 s t\u00fdm, \u017ee scudzen\u00fd objekt strat\u00ed na hodnote a navy\u0161e pr\u00e1vo b\u00fdvania zostane zachovan\u00e9, preto\u017ee ide o vecn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, ktor\u00e9 viazne na veci.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00e1vo u\u017e\u00edvania bytu je bez z\u00e1pisu do katastra nehnute\u013enost\u00ed platn\u00e9 len vo\u010di vlastn\u00edkovi, nechr\u00e1ni v\u0161ak vo\u010di tret\u00edm osob\u00e1m. Na zabezpe\u010denie ochrany aj vo\u010di tret\u00edm osob\u00e1m je potrebn\u00fd z\u00e1pis do katastra nehnute\u013enost\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pr\u00e1vo u\u017e\u00edvania plodov (\u00fa\u017eitku)<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201eU\u017e\u00edvanie plodov je pr\u00e1vo u\u017e\u00edva\u0165 cudziu vec, so zachovan\u00edm jej podstaty, bez ak\u00fdchko\u013evek obmedzen\u00ed.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U\u017e\u00edvate\u013e plodov je ekonomick\u00fdm vlastn\u00edkom veci a smie pobera\u0165 v\u0161etky \u201eplody\u201c (napr\u00edklad: jablk\u00e1 zo stromu, mlieko od kravy, n\u00e1jomn\u00e9,&#8230;)<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na rozdiel od pr\u00e1va b\u00fdvania sa pri udelen\u00ed pr\u00e1va u\u017e\u00edvania plodov ude\u013euje viac pr\u00e1v. U\u017e\u00edvate\u013e plodov m\u00f4\u017ee vec s\u00e1m u\u017e\u00edva\u0165 alebo prenaj\u00edma\u0165, av\u0161ak nem\u00f4\u017ee ju za\u0165a\u017ei\u0165 ani scudzi\u0165. V\u0161etky v\u00fdnosy, ktor\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edvate\u013e plodov z\u00edska, si m\u00f4\u017ee ponecha\u0165. M\u00e1 v\u0161ak povinnos\u0165 vec udr\u017eiava\u0165.   <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z v\u00fdnosov z u\u017e\u00edvania plodov je u\u017e\u00edvate\u013e zo z\u00e1kona povinn\u00fd zabezpe\u010dova\u0165 opravy, doplnenia a \u00fapravy veci. \u00dadr\u017eba, zlep\u0161enie, doplnenie a \u00fapravy z vlastn\u00fdch prostriedkov s\u00fa z\u00e1v\u00e4zn\u00e9 len po v\u00fdslovnej p\u00edsomnej dohode. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prevod pr\u00e1va u\u017e\u00edvania plodov na tretiu osobu je z pr\u00e1vneho h\u013eadiska mo\u017en\u00fd, zanik\u00e1 v\u0161ak smr\u0165ou \u201ep\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho\u201c u\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea plodov.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rovnako ako pri pr\u00e1ve u\u017e\u00edvania bytu, z\u00e1pis do katastra nehnute\u013enost\u00ed nie je nevyhnutne potrebn\u00fd, resp. bez z\u00e1pisu p\u00f4sob\u00ed len vo\u010di ob\u010dianskopr\u00e1vnemu vlastn\u00edkovi. Z\u00e1pis do katastra nehnute\u013enost\u00ed poskytuje komplexn\u00fa ochranu aj vo\u010di tret\u00edm osob\u00e1m. Stru\u010dne povedan\u00e9, zost\u00e1va platn\u00e9 aj vo\u010di tretej osobe pri scudzen\u00ed nehnute\u013enosti.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00e1vo u\u017e\u00edvania plodov je v\u00fdsostne osobn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo a zanik\u00e1 v\u017edy smr\u0165ou \u201ep\u00f4vodne\u201c opr\u00e1vnenej osoby, a to aj v pr\u00edpade pr\u00edpadn\u00e9ho prevodu na tretiu osobu. Nie je dedi\u010dn\u00e9, pokia\u013e nebolo pr\u00e1vo roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e9 na dedi\u010dov u\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea plodov. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1kaz za\u0165a\u017eenia a scudzenia<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak na nehnute\u013enosti viazne z\u00e1kaz za\u0165a\u017eenia a scudzenia, vlastn\u00edk ju nem\u00f4\u017ee scudzi\u0165 ani za\u0165a\u017ei\u0165 bez s\u00fahlasu opr\u00e1vnenej osoby. Z\u00e1pisom do katastra nehnute\u013enost\u00ed m\u00e1 aj absol\u00fatny \u00fa\u010dinok vo\u010di tret\u00edm osob\u00e1m. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u00e1pis do katastra nehnute\u013enost\u00ed je v\u0161ak pr\u00edpustn\u00fd len vtedy, ak bol z\u00e1kaz zriaden\u00fd medzi man\u017eelmi, registrovan\u00fdmi partnermi, rodi\u010dmi a de\u0165mi, osvojen\u00fdmi alebo pest\u00fanskymi de\u0165mi alebo ich man\u017eelmi \u010di registrovan\u00fdmi partnermi.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u00e1kaz za\u0165a\u017eenia a scudzenia je v\u00fdsostne osobn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, nem\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 preveden\u00e9 a zanik\u00e1 smr\u0165ou opr\u00e1vnenej osoby.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak neexistuje pr\u00edbuzensk\u00fd vz\u0165ah (k\u00fapa bytu partnermi), z\u00e1pis z\u00e1kazu za\u0165a\u017eenia a scudzenia do katastra nehnute\u013enost\u00ed nie je z pr\u00e1vneho h\u013eadiska mo\u017en\u00fd. Ak je to v\u0161ak v s\u00falade s cie\u013emi, ktor\u00e9 sa maj\u00fa dosiahnu\u0165, m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 alternat\u00edvne medzi stranami zriaden\u00e9 predkupn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo k nehnute\u013enosti. Zmluvn\u00e9mu partnerovi tak nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 tajne scudzi\u0165 nadobudnut\u00fd podiel na nehnute\u013enosti tretej osobe.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Predkupn\u00e9 pr\u00e1va<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Predkupn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo opr\u00e1v\u0148uje predkupn\u00edka nadobudn\u00fa\u0165 vec pred tre\u0165ou osobou. V pr\u00edpade scudzenia za\u0165a\u017eenej nehnute\u013enosti je vlastn\u00edk povinn\u00fd upovedomi\u0165 predkupn\u00edka, resp. uzatv\u00e1ra\u0165 zmluvy s tret\u00edmi osobami len s odkladacou podmienkou. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Predpokladom pre uplatnenie predkupn\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va je existencia z\u00e1v\u00e4znej ponuky alebo zmluvy medzi vlastn\u00edkom a z\u00e1ujemcom o k\u00fapu. Ponuka mus\u00ed by\u0165 riadna, mus\u00ed obsahova\u0165 v\u0161etky podstatn\u00e9 n\u00e1le\u017eitosti pre predaj, ako napr\u00edklad k\u00fapnu cenu, pr\u00e1va a povinnosti at\u010f. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po upovedomen\u00ed predkupn\u00edka sa ponuka u\u017e nesmie meni\u0165. Predkupn\u00edk m\u00e1 teraz pri hnute\u013en\u00fdch veciach 24 hod\u00edn na \u201euplatnenie\u201c svojho predkupn\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va, pri nehnute\u013en\u00fdch veciach je to 30 dn\u00ed. Ak je v\u0161ak ponuka nedostato\u010dn\u00e1 (napr.: podstatn\u00e9 n\u00e1le\u017eitosti nie s\u00fa uveden\u00e9, k\u00fapna cena nie je uveden\u00e1\u2026), lehota na uplatnenie neza\u010d\u00edna plyn\u00fa\u0165.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Predkupn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo je pod\u013ea ABGB uplatnite\u013en\u00e9 len vtedy, ak sa vec pred\u00e1va, nevz\u0165ahuje sa na darovania, v\u00fdmeny at\u010f. Ak sa v\u0161ak vec daruje alebo zded\u00ed, predkupn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo zost\u00e1va zachovan\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Predkupn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo je v\u00fdsostne osobn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, ktor\u00e9 nie je dedi\u010dn\u00e9. Predkupn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo m\u00f4\u017ee zanikn\u00fa\u0165 z nasleduj\u00facich d\u00f4vodov: <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Smr\u0165ou opr\u00e1vnenej osoby<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vzdan\u00edm sa predkupn\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va opr\u00e1vnenou osobou<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vzdan\u00edm sa predkupn\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va a vyrovn\u00e1vacou platbou<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Neuplatnen\u00edm predkupn\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va v r\u00e1mci lehoty na uplatnenie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1vet<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vzdanie sa povinn\u00e9ho podielu<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aby si poru\u010dite\u013e mohol by\u0165 ist\u00fd, \u017ee po jeho smrti nevznikn\u00fa \u017eiadne pr\u00e1vne spory, existuje vzdanie sa povinn\u00e9ho podielu. Povinn\u00e9ho podielu sa mo\u017eno vzda\u0165 po\u010das \u017eivota alebo v priebehu dedi\u010dsk\u00e9ho konania. Vzdanie sa povinn\u00e9ho podielu podlieha form\u00e1lnej po\u017eiadavke, not\u00e1rskej z\u00e1pisnici. Vzdanie sa povinn\u00e9ho podielu sa odpor\u00fa\u010da predov\u0161etk\u00fdm pri darovaniach po\u010das \u017eivota. Ak rodi\u010dia daruj\u00fa die\u0165a\u0165u po\u010das \u017eivota rodinn\u00fd dom a otec kr\u00e1tko nato zomrie, matka m\u00f4\u017ee vo\u010di die\u0165a\u0165u uplatni\u0165 svoj n\u00e1rok na povinn\u00fd podiel. Ak v\u0161ak existuje vzdanie sa povinn\u00e9ho podielu zo strany matky, die\u0165a je zabezpe\u010den\u00e9.     <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aby sa predi\u0161lo sporom v tejto s\u00favislosti medzi opr\u00e1vnen\u00fdmi na povinn\u00fd podiel, je rozumn\u00e9 u\u017e po\u010das \u017eivota, najm\u00e4 pri prevodoch nehnute\u013enost\u00ed, urobi\u0165 vzdanie sa povinn\u00e9ho podielu. Opr\u00e1vnen\u00ed na povinn\u00fd podiel maj\u00fa n\u00e1rok po\u017eadova\u0165 pe\u0148a\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1roky po smrti poru\u010dite\u013ea, ak tento po\u010das \u017eivota ustanovil niekoho in\u00e9ho za dedi\u010da. Pri vzdan\u00ed sa tento n\u00e1rok zanik\u00e1. Povinn\u00fd podiel hr\u00e1 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa \u00falohu v dedi\u010dsk\u00fdch sporoch.   <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Udelenie pr\u00e1v a in\u00e9 typy prevodov Darovanie Darovanie je bezodplatn\u00e9 prenechanie veci (\u00a7 938 ABGB). Existuj\u00fa dve r\u00f4zne mo\u017enosti Darovania so skuto\u010dn\u00fdm odovzdan\u00edm, ako aj darovania oslobodzuj\u00face od dlhu, nepodliehaj\u00fa &#8230;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":45431,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[737],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43796","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-pravo-nehnutelnosti"],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"336x":false,"352x":false,"woocommerce_thumbnail":false,"woocommerce_single":false,"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":false,"yarpp-thumbnail":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Peter Harlander","author_link":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/author\/secondpromotion\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Udelenie pr\u00e1v a in\u00e9 typy prevodov Darovanie Darovanie je bezodplatn\u00e9 prenechanie veci (\u00a7 938 ABGB). Existuj\u00fa dve r\u00f4zne mo\u017enosti Darovania so skuto\u010dn\u00fdm odovzdan\u00edm, ako aj darovania oslobodzuj\u00face od dlhu, nepodliehaj\u00fa ...","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/43796","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43796"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/43796\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/45431"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43796"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43796"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43796"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}