{"id":42824,"date":"2022-12-23T10:17:36","date_gmt":"2022-12-23T09:17:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sutazne-pravo\/zdravotne-tvrdenia\/"},"modified":"2026-06-05T23:14:19","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T21:14:19","slug":"zdravotne-tvrdenia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/sutazne-pravo\/zdravotne-tvrdenia\/","title":{"rendered":"Zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-yoast-seo-table-of-contents yoast-table-of-contents\"><h2>Zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"#h-health-claims\" data-level=\"2\">Zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-eu-weite-bestimmungen\" data-level=\"2\">Celoeur\u00f3pske ustanovenia<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-anwendungsbereich\" data-level=\"3\">Rozsah p\u00f4sobnosti<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-nahrwertbezogene-angaben\" data-level=\"3\">V\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 tvrdenia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-gesundheitsbezogene-angaben\" data-level=\"3\">Zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-angaben-uber-die-reduktion-eines-krankheitsrisikos\" data-level=\"3\">Tvrdenia o zn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika ochorenia<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-wesentliche-inhalte-der-verordnung\" data-level=\"2\">Podstatn\u00fd obsah nariadenia<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-allgemeine-grundsatze-art-3-hcvo\" data-level=\"3\">V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 z\u00e1sady (\u010dl. 3 HCVO)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-allgemeine-bedingungen-art-5-hcvo\" data-level=\"3\">V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 podmienky (\u010dl. 5 HCVO)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-nahrwertkennzeichnungen-art-7-hcvo\" data-level=\"3\">Ozna\u010dovanie v\u00fd\u017eivovej hodnoty (\u010dl. 7 HCVO)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-besondere-bedingungen-fur-nahrwertbezogene-angaben-art-8-und-9-hcvo\" data-level=\"3\">Osobitn\u00e9 podmienky pre v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 tvrdenia (\u010dl. 8 a 9 HCVO)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-besondere-bedingungen-fur-gesundheitsbezogene-angaben-art-10-ff-hcvo\" data-level=\"3\">Osobitn\u00e9 podmienky pre zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia (\u010dl. 10 a nasl. HCVO)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-zulassungsverfahren\" data-level=\"2\">Schva\u013eovacie konanie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-eu-gemeinschaftsregister-art-20-hcvo\" data-level=\"2\">Register Spolo\u010denstva E\u00da (\u010dl\u00e1nok 20 HCVO)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-allgemeines-zur-verwendung-formulierung-von-angaben-im-sinne-der-hcvo\" data-level=\"2\">V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie o pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed\/formulovan\u00ed tvrden\u00ed v zmysle nariadenia HCVO<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-rechtsberatung-rechtsvertretung\" data-level=\"2\">Pr\u00e1vne poradenstvo \/ Pr\u00e1vne zastupovanie<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-health-claims\">Zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u0161eobecne sa pod pojmom \u201eHealth Claims\u201c, zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia alebo vyhl\u00e1senia o potravin\u00e1ch rozumej\u00fa tvrdenia, ktor\u00e9 opisuj\u00fa s\u00favislos\u0165 medzi potravinou alebo jednou z jej zlo\u017eiek a zdrav\u00edm. V skuto\u010dnosti teda zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee potravina alebo jej zlo\u017eka m\u00e1 osobitn\u00fd vplyv na zdravie (napr\u00edklad: v\u00e1pnik je dobr\u00fd pre kosti at\u010f.).<\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-eu-weite-bestimmungen\">Celoeur\u00f3pske ustanovenia<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ke\u010f\u017ee v Spolo\u010denstve bolo \u010doraz viac potrav\u00edn ozna\u010den\u00fdch v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fdmi a zdravotn\u00fdmi tvrdeniami a s t\u00fdmito tvrdeniami sa pre ne robila reklama, bolo potrebn\u00e9 zabezpe\u010di\u0165 spotrebite\u013eovi vysok\u00fa \u00farove\u0148 ochrany a u\u013eah\u010di\u0165 mu v\u00fdber t\u00fdm, \u017ee produkty na trhu s\u00fa bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a maj\u00fa primeran\u00e9 ozna\u010denie. Na eur\u00f3pskej \u00farovni preto plat\u00ed nariadenie E\u00da o zdravotn\u00fdch tvrdeniach 1924\/2007. Zaveden\u00edm tohto nariadenia sa mala vytvori\u0165 komplexn\u00e1 harmoniz\u00e1cia v oblasti potravinov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va a z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa mala poskytn\u00fa\u0165 vysok\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 ochrany spotrebite\u013ea.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nariadenie plat\u00ed pre potraviny aj pre v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 doplnky, akon\u00e1hle s\u00fa uveden\u00e9 na trh ako potraviny a ako tak\u00e9 s\u00fa propagovan\u00e9. V\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 doplnky sa kvalifikuj\u00fa ako \u201epotraviny\u201c v zmysle \u010dl\u00e1nku 2 smernice 2002\/46\/ES, ak s\u00fa ur\u010den\u00e9 na doplnenie stravy, pozost\u00e1vaj\u00fa z jednoduch\u00fdch alebo viacn\u00e1sobn\u00fdch koncentr\u00e1tov \u017eiv\u00edn s v\u00fd\u017eivovo \u0161pecifick\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dinkom a s\u00fa uv\u00e1dzan\u00e9 na trh v d\u00e1vkovanej forme, ako s\u00fa kapsuly alebo in\u00e9 formy podania. Kozmetick\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky alebo lieky nespadaj\u00fa do rozsahu p\u00f4sobnosti tohto nariadenia, preto\u017ee sa nepova\u017euj\u00fa za potraviny.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-anwendungsbereich\">Rozsah p\u00f4sobnosti<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nariadenie o zdravotn\u00fdch tvrdeniach plat\u00ed pre v\u0161etky v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 a zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia, ktor\u00e9 sa uv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v komer\u010dnej prezent\u00e1cii, ozna\u010dovan\u00ed (obal a pr\u00edbalov\u00fd let\u00e1k), ako aj pri akomko\u013evek type reklamy t\u00fdkaj\u00facej sa potrav\u00edn a ako tak\u00e9 s\u00fa ur\u010den\u00e9 kone\u010dn\u00fdm spotrebite\u013eom.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Plat\u00ed aj pre potraviny ur\u010den\u00e9 pre re\u0161taur\u00e1cie, nemocnice, \u0161koly, jed\u00e1lne a podobn\u00e9 zariadenia spolo\u010dn\u00e9ho stravovania.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Obchodn\u00e9 zna\u010dky, in\u00e9 obchodn\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy a fantazijn\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy, ktor\u00e9 mo\u017eno vyklada\u0165 ako v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 alebo zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia a ktor\u00e9 tak vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00fa dojem, \u017ee medzi n\u00e1zvom a zdrav\u00edm existuje pozit\u00edvna vlastnos\u0165, taktie\u017e spadaj\u00fa do rozsahu p\u00f4sobnosti nariadenia. Aj spr\u00e1vy obsiahnut\u00e9 v zna\u010dk\u00e1ch alebo n\u00e1zvoch sa tak musia mera\u0165 pod\u013ea krit\u00e9ri\u00ed pr\u00edpustnosti nariadenia, teda podliehaj\u00fa najm\u00e4 z\u00e1kazu zav\u00e1dzania a \u010fal\u0161\u00edm v\u0161eobecn\u00fdm podmienkam pr\u00edpustnosti pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nkov 5-7. Ak je obsah vyhl\u00e1senia zna\u010dky alebo n\u00e1zvu v s\u00falade s ustanoveniami, teda nie je zav\u00e1dzaj\u00faci alebo nie je v rozpore so \u017eiadnou v\u0161eobecnou podmienkou pou\u017e\u00edvania s oh\u013eadom na dotknut\u00e9 potraviny, smie sa zna\u010dka alebo n\u00e1zov pou\u017ei\u0165 bez \u00faradn\u00e9ho schva\u013eovacieho postupu pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nkov 15-18 nariadenia o zdravotn\u00fdch tvrdeniach, za predpokladu, \u017ee sa z\u00e1rove\u0148 doplnkovo pou\u017eije konkr\u00e9tne v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 alebo zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenie zo zoznamov.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nariadenie sa uplat\u0148uje len obmedzene<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>na vopred balen\u00e9 potraviny (vr\u00e1tane \u010derstv\u00fdch produktov, ako je ovocie, zelenina alebo chlieb), ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa pon\u00fakan\u00e9 na predaj kone\u010dn\u00e9mu spotrebite\u013eovi alebo zariadeniam spolo\u010dn\u00e9ho stravovania, a na potraviny, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa bu\u010f zabalen\u00e9 na mieste predaja na \u017eiados\u0165 kupuj\u00faceho, alebo s\u00fa vopred zabalen\u00e9 na okam\u017eit\u00fd predaj (v takom pr\u00edpade sa \u010dl\u00e1nky 7 a \u010dl\u00e1nok 10 ods. 2 p\u00edsm. a a b nariadenia neuplat\u0148uj\u00fa \u2013 ozna\u010dovanie v\u00fd\u017eivovej hodnoty by teda nebolo povinn\u00e9).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>na obchodn\u00e9 zna\u010dky, n\u00e1zvy zna\u010diek alebo fantazijn\u00e9 ozna\u010denia, ktor\u00e9 sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa pri ozna\u010dovan\u00ed, prezent\u00e1cii alebo reklame potraviny a m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 ch\u00e1pan\u00e9 ako v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 alebo zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia (\u010dl. 1 ods. 3) <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-nahrwertbezogene-angaben\">V\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 tvrdenia<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rozumej\u00fa sa t\u00fdm tvrdenia, ktor\u00fdmi sa vyhlasuje, nazna\u010duje alebo len nepriamo vyjadruje, \u017ee potravina m\u00e1 osobitn\u00e9 pozit\u00edvne v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 vlastnosti na z\u00e1klade energie (v\u00fdhrevnosti), ktor\u00fa dod\u00e1va\/dod\u00e1va v zn\u00ed\u017eenej alebo zv\u00fd\u0161enej miere\/nedod\u00e1va, a\/alebo na z\u00e1klade \u017eiv\u00edn alebo in\u00fdch l\u00e1tok, ktor\u00e9 obsahuje\/obsahuje v zn\u00ed\u017eenom alebo zv\u00fd\u0161enom mno\u017estve\/neobsahuje.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00edklad:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>So zn\u00ed\u017eenou energetickou hodnotou<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u00edzkotu\u010dn\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bez pridan\u00e9ho cukru<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u013dahk\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vysok\u00fd obsah v\u00e1pnika<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>bohat\u00e9 na v\u00e1pnik<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-gesundheitsbezogene-angaben\">Zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rozumej\u00fa sa t\u00fdm ak\u00e9ko\u013evek tvrdenia, ktor\u00fdmi sa vyhlasuje, nazna\u010duje alebo len nepriamo vyjadruje, \u017ee existuje s\u00favislos\u0165 medzi kateg\u00f3riou potrav\u00edn, potravinou alebo jednou z jej zlo\u017eiek na jednej strane a zdrav\u00edm na strane druhej.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00edklad:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Obsahuje zdrav\u00fd vitam\u00edn C<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S vitam\u00ednom C pre udr\u017eanie kond\u00edcie<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mlieko je zdrav\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vitam\u00edn E zvy\u0161uje schopnos\u0165 koncentr\u00e1cie<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vitam\u00edn E je antioxidant, ktor\u00fd chr\u00e1ni bunky tela pred vo\u013en\u00fdmi radik\u00e1lmi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V\u00e1pnik je potrebn\u00fd pre udr\u017eanie norm\u00e1lnych kost\u00ed a zubov<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-angaben-uber-die-reduktion-eines-krankheitsrisikos\">Tvrdenia o zn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika ochorenia<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rozumej\u00fa sa t\u00fdm ak\u00e9ko\u013evek tvrdenia, ktor\u00fdmi sa vyhlasuje, nazna\u010duje alebo len nepriamo vyjadruje, \u017ee konzum\u00e1cia kateg\u00f3rie potrav\u00edn, potraviny alebo zlo\u017eky potraviny v\u00fdrazne zni\u017euje rizikov\u00fd faktor pre vznik ochorenia u \u010dloveka.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00edklad:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ovosn\u00fd beta-gluk\u00e1n preuk\u00e1zate\u013ene zni\u017euje hladinu cholesterolu v krvi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vysok\u00e1 hladina cholesterolu patr\u00ed medzi rizikov\u00e9 faktory pre ischemick\u00fa chorobu srdca<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-wesentliche-inhalte-der-verordnung\">Podstatn\u00fd obsah nariadenia<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V z\u00e1sade nariadenie okrem v\u0161eobecn\u00fdch z\u00e1sad stanovuje, za ak\u00fdch podmienok sa sm\u00fa uv\u00e1dza\u0165 v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 a zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia o potravin\u00e1ch. Obsah, resp. predpoklady pre jednotliv\u00e9 tvrdenia s\u00fa \u010diasto\u010dne ve\u013emi komplexn\u00e9 a nepreh\u013eadn\u00e9:<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-allgemeine-grundsatze-art-3-hcvo\">V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 z\u00e1sady (\u010dl. 3 HCVO)<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Najprv nariadenie stanovuje v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 z\u00e1sady, ktor\u00e9 sa musia dodr\u017eiava\u0165 pre v\u0161etky tvrdenia. Pod\u013ea toho tvrdenia (v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 a\/alebo zdravotn\u00e9)<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>by\u0165 nepravdiv\u00e9, nejednozna\u010dn\u00e9 alebo zav\u00e1dzaj\u00face;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nesm\u00fa vyvol\u00e1va\u0165 pochybnosti o bezpe\u010dnosti a\/alebo v\u00fd\u017eivovej vhodnosti in\u00fdch potrav\u00edn. (Tu sa z\u00e1kaz zameriava na zneva\u017eovanie in\u00fdch, porovnate\u013en\u00fdch produktov);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nepodnecova\u0165 nadmern\u00fa konzum\u00e1ciu potraviny alebo ju priaznivo prezentova\u0165;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nevyhlasova\u0165 ani inak nenazna\u010dova\u0165, \u017ee vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e1 strava nem\u00f4\u017ee vo v\u0161eobecnosti poskytn\u00fa\u0165 potrebn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo \u017eiv\u00edn;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">neovplyv\u0148ova\u0165 rozhodnutie spotrebite\u013ea o k\u00fape znepokojuj\u00facimi n\u00e1znakmi, ktor\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00fa v\u0161eobecn\u00fa zmenu telesn\u00fdch funkci\u00ed, tak, aby z toho mohol s\u00e1m profitova\u0165.<\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-allgemeine-bedingungen-art-5-hcvo\">V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 podmienky (\u010dl. 5 HCVO)<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Okrem v\u0161eobecn\u00fdch z\u00e1sad nariadenie stanovuje v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 podmienky pre v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 a zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia. Pod\u013ea toho sa v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 a zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia sm\u00fa pou\u017ei\u0165 len vtedy, ak<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>uveden\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok je v\u0161eobecne uzn\u00e1van\u00fd a vedecky preuk\u00e1zan\u00fd;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>uveden\u00e1 l\u00e1tka je v produkte pr\u00edtomn\u00e1 (alebo nepr\u00edtomn\u00e1) v dostato\u010dnom mno\u017estve na dosiahnutie tvrden\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dinku;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2013 pokia\u013e je to uplatnite\u013en\u00e9 \u2013 uveden\u00e1 l\u00e1tka je vo forme, ktor\u00e1 je dostupn\u00e1 pre telo (Pod\u013ea odborn\u00edkov na v\u00fd\u017eivu sa tento term\u00edn definuje percentu\u00e1lnym pr\u00edjmom pr\u00edslu\u0161nej \u017eiviny do tela s oh\u013eadom na mno\u017estvo a r\u00fdchlos\u0165 pr\u00edjmu). Krit\u00e9rium biologickej dostupnosti z\u00e1vis\u00ed od r\u00f4znych potravinov\u00fdch faktorov a preto plat\u00ed v niektor\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch len fakultat\u00edvne, teda \u201epokia\u013e je to uplatnite\u013en\u00e9\u201c, preto\u017ee tvrdenia, ktor\u00e9 vykazuj\u00fa zn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd obsah \u017eiviny, ako je to napr\u00edklad v \u010dl\u00e1nku 5 ods. 1 p\u00edsm. b) bod ii), t\u00fato podmienku prirodzene nem\u00f4\u017eu splni\u0165.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>obvykl\u00e9 mno\u017estvo konzumovan\u00e9ho produktu je vhodn\u00e9 na dosiahnutie uveden\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dinku;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>s\u00fa splnen\u00e9 osobitn\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky (pozri ni\u017e\u0161ie);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tvrdenie sa vz\u0165ahuje na potravinu pripraven\u00fa na konzum\u00e1ciu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Okrem toho je pou\u017e\u00edvanie v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fdch a zdravotn\u00fdch tvrden\u00ed pr\u00edpustn\u00e9 len vtedy, ak sa od priemern\u00e9ho spotrebite\u013ea m\u00f4\u017ee o\u010dak\u00e1va\u0165, \u017ee uveden\u00fd pozit\u00edvny \u00fa\u010dinok aj pochop\u00ed. Preto je u\u017e pri formul\u00e1cii potrebn\u00e9 dba\u0165 na to, aby bola v ka\u017edom pr\u00edpade spotrebite\u013esky \u00fastretov\u00e1.<\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-nahrwertkennzeichnungen-art-7-hcvo\">Ozna\u010dovanie v\u00fd\u017eivovej hodnoty (\u010dl. 7 HCVO)<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K v\u0161eobecne dodr\u017eiavan\u00fdm z\u00e1sad\u00e1m a v\u0161eobecn\u00fdm podmienkam sa napokon prid\u00e1vaj\u00fa aj ustanovenia o ozna\u010dovan\u00ed ako predpoklad. Pod\u013ea toho musia potraviny, ktor\u00e9 obsahuj\u00fa v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 aj zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia, povinne obsahova\u0165 v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 ozna\u010denie. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nariadenie tu v\u0161eobecne odkazuje na nariadenie (E\u00da) \u010d. 1169\/2011 (<a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/DE\/TXT\/HTML\/?uri=CELEX:02011R1169-20180101&amp;from=EN\">https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/DE\/TXT\/HTML\/?uri=CELEX:02011R1169-20180101&amp;from=EN<\/a>). Pod\u013ea toho sa pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku 30 ods. 1 tohto nariadenia musia uvies\u0165 energetick\u00e1 hodnota, mno\u017estv\u00e1 tuku, nas\u00fdten\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kysel\u00edn, sacharidov, cukru, bielkov\u00edn a soli.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Okrem toho sa pre l\u00e1tky, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa predmetom v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9ho alebo zdravotn\u00e9ho tvrdenia a neobjavuj\u00fa sa vo v\u00fd\u017eivovom ozna\u010den\u00ed, musia uvies\u0165 pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00e1 v rovnakom zornom poli v bezprostrednej bl\u00edzkosti tohto v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9ho ozna\u010denia. Pre v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 doplnky platia pri ozna\u010dovan\u00ed osobitn\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky \u010dl\u00e1nku 8 smernice 2002\/46\/ES (<a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/DE\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:02002L0046-20220930&amp;from=EN\">https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/DE\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:02002L0046-20220930&amp;from=EN<\/a>). <\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-besondere-bedingungen-fur-nahrwertbezogene-angaben-art-8-und-9-hcvo\">Osobitn\u00e9 podmienky pre v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 tvrdenia (\u010dl. 8 a 9 HCVO)<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010cl\u00e1nok 8 nariadenia stanovuje, \u017ee v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 tvrdenia s\u00fa pr\u00edpustn\u00e9 len vtedy, ak s\u00fa zakotven\u00e9 v pr\u00edlohe nariadenia v op\u00edsanej forme a okrem toho vo v\u0161eobecnosti sp\u013a\u0148aj\u00fa po\u017eiadavky nariadenia (pozri vy\u0161\u0161ie, v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 z\u00e1sady a podmienky, povinnos\u0165 ozna\u010dovania).<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zoznam uveden\u00fd v pr\u00edlohe je ucelen\u00fd celok. Preto sa tvrdenia, ktor\u00e9 v \u0148om nie s\u00fa uveden\u00e9, u\u017e nesm\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165. Uveden\u00e1 pr\u00edloha obsahuje my\u0161lienku harmoniz\u00e1cie, najm\u00e4 preto, \u017ee jednotliv\u00e9 \u010dlensk\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty mali pred nadobudnut\u00edm \u00fa\u010dinnosti nariadenia odli\u0161n\u00e9 ustanovenia pre v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 tvrdenia.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aj ke\u010f sa tieto tvrdenia pova\u017euj\u00fa za priamo uplatnite\u013en\u00e9 a za pr\u00e1vo vy\u0161\u0161ej \u00farovne, ide tu len o \u201eusmernenia\u201c. V\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 tvrdenie by teda malo by\u0165 s\u00edce pod\u013ea zmyslu obsiahnut\u00e9 v pr\u00edlohe, ale nemus\u00ed zodpoveda\u0165 presn\u00e9mu zneniu tam uveden\u00e9ho tvrdenia. Pre toto uvo\u013enen\u00e9 uplat\u0148ovanie je potrebn\u00e9 vych\u00e1dza\u0165 z ch\u00e1pania priemern\u00e9ho spotrebite\u013ea. Preto je pr\u00edpustn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 synonym\u00e1, pokia\u013e spotrebite\u013e dok\u00e1\u017ee rozpozna\u0165 s\u00favislos\u0165 medzi tvrden\u00edm a formul\u00e1ciou uvedenou v pr\u00edlohe. Napr\u00edklad namiesto \u201ezdroj vl\u00e1kniny\u201c mo\u017eno pou\u017ei\u0165 aj znenie \u201ebohat\u00e9 na vl\u00e1kninu\u201c.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zoznam uveden\u00fd v pr\u00edlohe m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 org\u00e1nom po vykonan\u00ed postupu uveden\u00e9ho v nariaden\u00ed roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fd alebo upraven\u00fd. T\u00fdm sa zabezpe\u010duje, \u017ee tvrdenia zodpovedaj\u00fa najnov\u0161iemu stavu techniky a vedy.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Porovnanie v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fdch tvrden\u00ed s in\u00fdmi potravinami je pr\u00edpustn\u00e9 len vtedy, ak sa vykon\u00e1va medzi potravinami rovnakej kateg\u00f3rie a s prihliadnut\u00edm na rad potrav\u00edn tejto kateg\u00f3rie (\u010dl. 9 nariadenia).<\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-besondere-bedingungen-fur-gesundheitsbezogene-angaben-art-10-ff-hcvo\">Osobitn\u00e9 podmienky pre zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia (\u010dl. 10 a nasl. HCVO)<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia s\u00fa zak\u00e1zan\u00e9, ak nesp\u013a\u0148aj\u00fa v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky (pozri op\u00e4\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161ie) a \u0161pecifick\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky (pozri ni\u017e\u0161ie) tohto nariadenia. Okrem toho musia by\u0165 zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia zaraden\u00e9 do zoznamu schv\u00e1len\u00fdch tvrden\u00ed (pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nkov 13 a 14). <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tak\u00e9to tvrdenia sa teda m\u00f4\u017eu uv\u00e1dza\u0165 len vtedy, ak ozna\u010denie alebo, ak toto ozna\u010denie ch\u00fdba, prezent\u00e1cia potrav\u00edn a reklama na potraviny obsahuj\u00fa tieto dodato\u010dn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>odkaz na v\u00fdznam rozmanitej a vyv\u00e1\u017eenej stravy a zdrav\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00fdlu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>inform\u00e1cie o mno\u017estve potraviny a sp\u00f4sobe konzum\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 na dosiahnutie tvrden\u00e9ho pozit\u00edvneho \u00fa\u010dinku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Napr\u00edklad sa mus\u00ed uvies\u0165, \u010di sa predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee uveden\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok sa dosiahne, ak sa potravina konzumuje len raz denne alebo viackr\u00e1t po\u010das d\u0148a. Taktie\u017e ozn\u00e1menie nesmie podporova\u0165 nadmern\u00fa konzum\u00e1ciu potraviny alebo ju priaznivo prezentova\u0165. V pr\u00edpadoch, ke\u010f sa to ned\u00e1 dosiahnu\u0165, by sa malo od zdravotn\u00e9ho tvrdenia upusti\u0165.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>pr\u00edpadne upozornenie pre osoby, ktor\u00e9 by sa mali vyhn\u00fa\u0165 konzum\u00e1cii tejto potraviny, a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vhodn\u00e9 varovanie pre v\u00fdrobky, ktor\u00e9 by pri nadmernej konzum\u00e1cii mohli predstavova\u0165 zdravotn\u00e9 riziko.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u0161etky tieto inform\u00e1cie musia by\u0165 s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou ozna\u010denia. Ak tak\u00e9to ozna\u010denie ch\u00fdba, musia by\u0165 s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou prezent\u00e1cie potraviny a reklamy na potraviny. Ak sa napr\u00edklad vo v\u0161eobecnej reklame na potravinu pou\u017eije zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenie (napr\u00edklad m\u00e4so, mlie\u010dne v\u00fdrobky at\u010f.), ktor\u00e9 sa nevz\u0165ahuje na konkr\u00e9tny produkt, potom sa tieto povinn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie musia objavi\u0165 v reklame a v prezent\u00e1cii tejto potraviny.<\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Exkurz:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Prezent\u00e1cia: \u201eRozumie sa t\u00fdm najm\u00e4 forma, vzh\u013ead, balenie, sp\u00f4sob jeho usporiadania a prostredie, v ktorom sa pon\u00faka na predaj.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ne\u0161pecifick\u00e9 (zdravotn\u00e9) tvrdenia, ktor\u00e9 s\u013eubuj\u00fa priazniv\u00fd vplyv na zdravie a celkov\u00e9 blaho, s\u00fa pr\u00edpustn\u00e9 len vtedy, ak s\u00fa k nim pripojen\u00e9 \u0161pecifick\u00e9 tvrdenia obsiahnut\u00e9 v zozname pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku 13 alebo \u010dl\u00e1nku 14. Podkladom tohto ustanovenia je, \u017ee tak\u00e9to tvrdenia maj\u00fa pau\u0161\u00e1lny charakter so v\u0161eobecn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom formul\u00e1cie. Ide teda o takzvan\u00e9 \u201ekombinovan\u00e9 rie\u0161enie\u201c. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00edklady ne\u0161pecifick\u00fdch zdravotn\u00fdch tvrden\u00ed s\u00fa napr\u00edklad:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mlieko je zdrav\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Obsahuje zdrav\u00fd vitam\u00edn C<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fitness \u017eem\u013ea<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V ka\u017edom pr\u00edpade s\u00fa nepr\u00edpustn\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia (\u010dl. 12),<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ktor\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00fa dojem, \u017ee zrieknut\u00edm sa potraviny by mohlo by\u0165 zdravie ohrozen\u00e9;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>o trvan\u00ed a rozsahu \u00fabytku hmotnosti;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ktor\u00e9 odkazuj\u00fa na odpor\u00fa\u010dania jednotliv\u00fdch lek\u00e1rov alebo z\u00e1stupcov zdravotn\u00edckych povolan\u00ed a zdru\u017een\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa uveden\u00e9 v \u010dl\u00e1nku 11.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>In\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia ako tvrdenia o zn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika ochorenia, ako aj in\u00e9 ako tvrdenia o v\u00fdvoji a zdrav\u00ed det\u00ed (\u010dl. 13 HCVO)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na z\u00e1klade t\u00fdchto ustanoven\u00ed Komisia vytvorila zoznam Spolo\u010denstva so zdravotn\u00fdmi tvrdeniami vr\u00e1tane po\u017eadovan\u00fdch podmienok, ktor\u00e9 upravuj\u00fa ich pou\u017e\u00edvanie (tzv. zoznam pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku 13). Uveden\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 (in\u00e9) tvrdenia uveden\u00e9 v tomto zozname sa preto sm\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165. Ide o tvrdenia, ktor\u00e9<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>opisuj\u00fa v\u00fdznam \u017eiviny alebo inej l\u00e1tky pre rast, v\u00fdvoj a telesn\u00e9 funkcie (napr\u00edklad \u201ev\u00e1pnik je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd pre kosti\u201c),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>psychick\u00e9 funkcie alebo funkcie spr\u00e1vania (napr\u00edklad \u201evitam\u00edn E zvy\u0161uje schopnos\u0165 koncentr\u00e1cie\u201c), alebo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vlastnosti potraviny na chudnutie alebo kontrolu hmotnosti, alebo zn\u00ed\u017eenie pocitu hladu, alebo zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd pocit s\u00fdtosti, alebo zn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd pr\u00edjem energie konzum\u00e1ciou potraviny (pred nariaden\u00edm platil \u00fapln\u00fd z\u00e1kaz takejto reklamy na chudnutie) (napr\u00edklad: \u201eobsahuje karnit\u00edn, ktor\u00fd podporuje \u00fa\u010dinok zni\u017euj\u00faci hmotnos\u0165\u201c). <br\/>A\u017e rozsudkom S\u00fadneho dvora E\u00da z 15.7.2004, C-239\/02, Douwe Egberts NV\/Westrom Pharma NV\/FICS-World BVBA, bol v\u0161eobecn\u00fd z\u00e1kaz takejto reklamy pova\u017eovan\u00fd za nezlu\u010dite\u013en\u00fd s pr\u00e1vom Spolo\u010denstva. Pod\u013ea toho je pou\u017e\u00edvanie tak\u00fdchto tvrden\u00ed pr\u00edpustn\u00e9, pokia\u013e spotrebite\u013e nie je zav\u00e1dzan\u00fd), <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">opisuj\u00fa alebo na ne odkazuj\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tieto uveden\u00e9 odkazy si preto nevy\u017eaduj\u00fa explicitn\u00fd schva\u013eovac\u00ed postup (pozri k tomu nesk\u00f4r), ale namiesto toho musia pre zaradenie do takzvan\u00e9ho zoznamu pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku 13 (<a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/DE\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:02012R0432-20210517&amp;from=EN\">https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/DE\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:02012R0432-20210517&amp;from=EN<\/a>) (aktu\u00e1lne posledn\u00e1 platn\u00e1 verzia) sp\u013a\u0148a\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161ie uveden\u00e9 obsahov\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky, ako aj poskytn\u00fa\u0165 vedeck\u00fd d\u00f4kaz a vyhovie\u0165 po\u017eiadavk\u00e1m na pochopenie spotrebite\u013eom.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Doplnenia tohto zoznamu v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee prostredn\u00edctvom zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9ho schva\u013eovacieho postupu (\u010dl\u00e1nok 18) po\u017eiada\u0165 ktoko\u013evek, za predpokladu, \u017ee tieto po\u017eadovan\u00e9 tvrdenia s\u00fa zalo\u017een\u00e9 na nov\u00fdch vedeck\u00fdch d\u00f4kazoch. V\u00fdnimkou s\u00fa v\u0161ak tvrdenia o v\u00fdvoji a zdrav\u00ed det\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa schva\u013eovan\u00e9 pod\u013ea postupov \u010dl\u00e1nkov 15, 16, 17 a 19 (individu\u00e1lny schva\u013eovac\u00ed postup) (pozri k tomu ni\u017e\u0161ie). Aj z iniciat\u00edvy Komisie alebo na \u017eiados\u0165 \u010dlensk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 uveden\u00fd zoznam zmenen\u00fd, a to s oh\u013eadom na regula\u010dn\u00fd postup pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku 25 ods. 3 nariadenia. Uveden\u00fd zjednodu\u0161en\u00fd schva\u013eovac\u00ed postup (ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee iniciova\u0165 ktoko\u013evek) zodpoved\u00e1 vo svojej z\u00e1kladnej \u0161trukt\u00fare pr\u00edsnej\u0161iemu individu\u00e1lnemu schva\u013eovaciemu postupu (pozri ni\u017e\u0161ie pre tvrdenia pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku 14 nariadenia) pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nkov 15 \u2013 17 nariadenia o zdravotn\u00fdch tvrdeniach. Najpodstatnej\u0161\u00ed rozdiel v skr\u00e1tenom rozhodovacom postupe spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee Komisii prisl\u00facha v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u00e1 rozhodovacia pr\u00e1vomoc. Zatia\u013e \u010do pri individu\u00e1lnom schva\u013eovan\u00ed pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku 15 a nasl. sa o \u017eiadosti rozhoduje v regula\u010dnom postupe s kontrolou pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku 2, tu Komisia po kladnom stanovisku EFSA (Eur\u00f3psky \u00farad pre bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 potrav\u00edn) do 2 mesiacov rozhodne sama.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Tvrdenia o zn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika ochorenia, ako aj tvrdenia o v\u00fdvoji a zdrav\u00ed det\u00ed (\u010dl\u00e1nok 14 HCVO)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nariadenie okrem toho upravuje schva\u013eovacie konanie pre zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia o zn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika ochoren\u00ed a takisto tvrdenia o v\u00fdvoji a zdrav\u00ed det\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ide o tvrdenia, v ktor\u00fdch sa potravina propaguje t\u00fdm, \u017ee bu\u010f zni\u017euje ur\u010dit\u00e9 rizik\u00e1 ochoren\u00ed, alebo m\u00e1 pozit\u00edvne \u00fa\u010dinky na v\u00fdvoj a zdravie det\u00ed<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00edklad: \u201ePravideln\u00e1 konzum\u00e1cia vitam\u00ednu E zni\u017euje riziko vzniku art\u00e9rioskler\u00f3zy\u201c.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pre tieto tvrdenia nariadenie stanovuje individu\u00e1lne schva\u013eovacie postupy pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nkov 15 a nasl. nariadenia. Schv\u00e1lenie t\u00fdchto tvrden\u00ed sa preto neuskuto\u010d\u0148uje prostredn\u00edctvom (automatick\u00e9ho) zaradenia do zoznamu Spolo\u010denstva pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku 13 ods. 3 nariadenia, ako je to v pr\u00edpade in\u00fdch zdravotn\u00fdch tvrden\u00ed. Okrem po\u017eiadavky na schv\u00e1lenie musia tieto tvrdenia samozrejme sp\u013a\u0148a\u0165 aj v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 z\u00e1sady a podmienky (pozri vy\u0161\u0161ie).<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tvrdenia o zn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika ochorenia sa preto m\u00f4\u017eu uv\u00e1dza\u0165 len vtedy, ak bolo pre ich pou\u017eitie za\u010dat\u00e9 a schv\u00e1len\u00e9 schva\u013eovacie konanie na zaradenie do zoznamu.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Okrem zoznamu pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku 13 existuj\u00fa preto aj zoznamy schv\u00e1len\u00fdch tvrden\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sa t\u00fdkaj\u00fa zn\u00ed\u017eenia rizika ochoren\u00ed. Tieto vypl\u00fdvaj\u00fa z nariaden\u00ed \u010d. 1226\/2014 a \u010d. 1228\/2014. Odkaz na nariadenie 1228\/2014: <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/DE\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:32014R1228&amp;from=DE\">https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/DE\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:32014R1228&amp;from=DE<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Odkaz na nariadenie 1226\/2014: <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/DE\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:32014R1226&amp;from=DE\">https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/DE\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:32014R1226&amp;from=DE<\/a> <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Okrem tohto (schva\u013eovacieho konania) a v\u0161eobecn\u00fdch predpokladov mus\u00ed ozna\u010denie alebo, ak tak\u00e9 ch\u00fdba, prezent\u00e1cia potrav\u00edn a reklama na potraviny obsahova\u0165 vyhl\u00e1senie, \u017ee choroba uveden\u00e1 v tvrden\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed od viacer\u00fdch faktorov a zmena jedn\u00e9ho z t\u00fdchto faktorov m\u00f4\u017ee alebo nemus\u00ed ma\u0165 pozit\u00edvny \u00fa\u010dinok. <\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-zulassungsverfahren\">Schva\u013eovacie konanie<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Individu\u00e1lne schva\u013eovacie konanie je rozdelen\u00e9 do troch \u010dast\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>podanie \u017eiadosti (\u010dl\u00e1nok 15),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pos\u00fadenie predmetu \u017eiadosti a stanovisko EFSA (Eur\u00f3psky \u00farad pre bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 potrav\u00edn) (\u010dl\u00e1nok 16) a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>schv\u00e1lenie tvrdenia Komisiou v r\u00e1mci postupu v\u00fdboru (\u010dl\u00e1nok 17).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pod\u00e1vanie \u017eiadost\u00ed o individu\u00e1lne schv\u00e1lenie sa uskuto\u010d\u0148uje na z\u00e1klade nariadenia E\u00da o transparentnosti od 29.03.2021 v\u00fdlu\u010dne elektronicky prostredn\u00edctvom novej platformy pre elektronick\u00e9 pod\u00e1vanie (ESFC). V ka\u017edom formul\u00e1ri \u017eiadosti sa smie po\u017eiada\u0165 len o schv\u00e1lenie pou\u017e\u00edvania jedn\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00e9ho tvrdenia. \u010ealej je pr\u00edpustn\u00e9 len uvies\u0165 s\u00favislos\u0165 medzi presne definovan\u00fdm zdravotn\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dinkom na propagovan\u00fa potravinu alebo kateg\u00f3riu potrav\u00edn alebo \u017eivinu alebo l\u00e1tku. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Odkazy na v\u0161eobecn\u00e9, ne\u0161pecifick\u00e9 v\u00fdhody \u017eiviny alebo potraviny pre zdravie vo v\u0161eobecnosti alebo zdravotn\u00e9 blaho s\u00fa pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku 10 ods. 3 nariadenia o zdravotn\u00fdch tvrdeniach pr\u00edpustn\u00e9 len vtedy, ak je k nim pripojen\u00e9 \u0161pecifick\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenie obsiahnut\u00e9 v jednom zo zoznamov pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku 13 alebo 14 (pozri u\u017e vy\u0161\u0161ie).<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rozhodnutie Komisie (teda v pr\u00edpade zamietnutia alebo pri stanoven\u00ed neprimeran\u00fdch po\u017eiadaviek) m\u00e1 \u017eiadate\u013e k dispoz\u00edcii opravn\u00fd prostriedok \u017ealoby o neplatnos\u0165 v zmysle \u010dl\u00e1nku 263 ZFE\u00da (b\u00fdval\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok 230 ods. 4 ZES) na V\u0161eobecnom s\u00fade (E\u00da). Lehota stanoven\u00e1 pr\u00e1vom \u00danie na podanie \u017ealoby s\u00fa dva mesiace a m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pred\u013a\u017een\u00e1 o \u010fal\u0161\u00edch 10 dn\u00ed pod\u013ea ustanoven\u00ed rokovacieho poriadku V\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho s\u00fadu.<\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-eu-gemeinschaftsregister-art-20-hcvo\">Register Spolo\u010denstva E\u00da (\u010dl\u00e1nok 20 HCVO)<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Komisia vedie register Spolo\u010denstva. Ten m\u00e1 poskytn\u00fa\u0165 preh\u013ead o v\u0161etk\u00fdch schv\u00e1len\u00fdch a zamietnut\u00fdch zdravotn\u00fdch a v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fdch tvrdeniach. Obsahuje teda inform\u00e1cie t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>schv\u00e1len\u00e9 v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 tvrdenia,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>schv\u00e1len\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nkov 13 a 14,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zamietnut\u00e9 tvrdenia,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia so \u201estatusom pozastavenia\u201c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Odkaz na register: <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/food\/safety\/labelling_nutrition\/claims\/register\/public\/?event=register.home\">https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/food\/safety\/labelling_nutrition\/claims\/register\/public\/?event=register.home<\/a><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-allgemeines-zur-verwendung-formulierung-von-angaben-im-sinne-der-hcvo\">V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie o pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed\/formulovan\u00ed tvrden\u00ed v zmysle nariadenia HCVO<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Prv\u00fd krok<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak sa pl\u00e1nuje opatri\u0165 produkt v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fdm a\/alebo zdravotn\u00fdm tvrden\u00edm, odpor\u00fa\u010da sa najprv nahliadnu\u0165 do existuj\u00faceho registra Spolo\u010denstva a do zoznamov. Pre zoznam pr\u00edpustn\u00fdch v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fdch tvrden\u00ed pozri vy\u0161\u0161ie pod bodom. 2.2.3.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia schv\u00e1len\u00e9 pod\u013ea registra sa m\u00f4\u017eu s oh\u013eadom na podmienky pou\u017e\u00edvania alebo mo\u017en\u00e9 obmedzenia pre pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd produkt kedyko\u013evek pou\u017ei\u0165. V\u017edy je v\u0161ak potrebn\u00e9 zoh\u013eadni\u0165 v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 z\u00e1sady a podmienky, ako aj povinnos\u0165 ozna\u010dovania.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je tie\u017e potrebn\u00e9 poznamena\u0165, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvanie neschv\u00e1len\u00fdch tvrden\u00ed je v\u0161eobecne zak\u00e1zan\u00e9. Okrem toho sm\u00fa by\u0165 v\u0161etky (schv\u00e1len\u00e9) zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia uv\u00e1dzan\u00e9 v\u00fdlu\u010dne pre tie potraviny, kateg\u00f3rie potrav\u00edn alebo \u017eiviny, pre ktor\u00e9 boli p\u00f4vodne schv\u00e1len\u00e9, a v \u017eiadnom pr\u00edpade pre v\u00fdrobky, ktor\u00e9 ich obsahuj\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pr\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nepr\u00edpustn\u00e9 by teda bolo nasleduj\u00face zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenie: \u201eProdukt X prispieva k udr\u017eaniu zubov\u201c. Pr\u00edpustn\u00e9 by v tomto zmysle bolo: \u201eProdukt X obsahuje vitam\u00edn D a v\u00e1pnik, ktor\u00e9 prispievaj\u00fa k udr\u017eaniu norm\u00e1lnych zubov.\u201c<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nepr\u00edpustn\u00e9: \u201ePoh\u00e1r pomaran\u010dov\u00e9ho d\u017e\u00fasu prispieva k zn\u00ed\u017eeniu \u00fanavy a vy\u010derpania\u201c. Pr\u00edpustn\u00e9: \u201eVitam\u00edn C v poh\u00e1ri pomaran\u010dov\u00e9ho d\u017e\u00fasu prispieva k zn\u00ed\u017eeniu \u00fanavy a vy\u010derpania.\u201c (Teufer, GRUR-Prax 2012, 476\/477 pod\u013ea OLG Bamberg).<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak h\u013eadan\u00e9 tvrdenie nie je ani schv\u00e1len\u00e9, ani zamietnut\u00e9 alebo sa nenach\u00e1dza v celkovej datab\u00e1ze, potom toto tvrdenie o\u010dividne e\u0161te nikto nepredlo\u017eil na schv\u00e1lenie. Tak\u00e9to tvrdenia sa potom nesm\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165. Ak v\u0161ak disponuje komplexn\u00fdmi vedeck\u00fdmi \u0161t\u00fadiami, ktor\u00e9 preukazuj\u00fa \u00fa\u010dinok, potom sa tieto tvrdenia m\u00f4\u017eu predlo\u017ei\u0165 prostredn\u00edctvom schva\u013eovacieho postupu.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Formul\u00e1cia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak u\u017e boli tvrdenia schv\u00e1len\u00e9, ich formul\u00e1cia sa nach\u00e1dza v druhom st\u013apci tabu\u013eky zoznamu Spolo\u010denstva.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1to formul\u00e1cia m\u00e1 vyjadrova\u0165 vedecky podlo\u017een\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok potraviny alebo ur\u010ditej \u017eiviny na \u013eudsk\u00e9 zdravie.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je ot\u00e1zne, \u010di je odch\u00fdlka od tejto explicitnej formul\u00e1cie pr\u00edpustn\u00e1. V od\u00f4vodnen\u00ed 9 nariadenia 432\/2012 (t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa zoznamu pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku 13) z\u00e1konodarca uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee nariadenie m\u00e1 zabezpe\u010di\u0165, aby zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia boli pravdiv\u00e9, jasn\u00e9, spo\u013eahliv\u00e9 a pre spotrebite\u013ea u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9. Formul\u00e1cia a prezent\u00e1cia tvrden\u00ed sa maj\u00fa posudzova\u0165 s oh\u013eadom na toto pozadie. Pr\u00e1vni experti z tohto odseku vyvodzuj\u00fa z\u00e1ver, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00e1 flexibilita jednotliv\u00fdch tvrden\u00ed je pravdepodobne pr\u00edpustn\u00e1. To plat\u00ed dovtedy, k\u00fdm sa t\u00fdm dosiahne zlep\u0161enie zrozumite\u013enosti pre priemern\u00e9ho spotrebite\u013ea. V ka\u017edom pr\u00edpade je v\u0161ak potrebn\u00e9 zoh\u013eadni\u0165 r\u00f4zne cie\u013eov\u00e9 skupiny spotrebite\u013eov, ako aj jazykov\u00e9 a kult\u00farne rozdiely. Napokon je rozhoduj\u00face, aby formul\u00e1cia obsahovo zodpovedala tej v registri Spolo\u010denstva.<\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-rechtsberatung-rechtsvertretung\">Pr\u00e1vne poradenstvo \/ Pr\u00e1vne zastupovanie<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Radi V\u00e1s podpor\u00edme vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vnych z\u00e1le\u017eitostiach s\u00favisiacich s nariaden\u00edm o zdravotn\u00fdch tvrdeniach. V r\u00e1mci bezplatnej \u00favodnej konzult\u00e1cie radi s Vami prediskutujeme ide\u00e1lny postup pre Va\u0161e pr\u00e1vne ot\u00e1zky. <\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si preferovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia<\/span><\/a>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia V\u0161eobecne sa pod pojmom \u201eHealth Claims\u201c, zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia alebo vyhl\u00e1senia o potravin\u00e1ch rozumej\u00fa tvrdenia, ktor\u00e9 opisuj\u00fa s\u00favislos\u0165 medzi potravinou alebo jednou z jej zlo\u017eiek a zdrav\u00edm. V skuto\u010dnosti &#8230;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":40896,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[768],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42824","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-sutazne-pravo"],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"336x":false,"352x":false,"woocommerce_thumbnail":false,"woocommerce_single":false,"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":false,"yarpp-thumbnail":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Peter Harlander","author_link":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/author\/secondpromotion\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia V\u0161eobecne sa pod pojmom \u201eHealth Claims\u201c, zdravotn\u00e9 tvrdenia alebo vyhl\u00e1senia o potravin\u00e1ch rozumej\u00fa tvrdenia, ktor\u00e9 opisuj\u00fa s\u00favislos\u0165 medzi potravinou alebo jednou z jej zlo\u017eiek a zdrav\u00edm. V skuto\u010dnosti ...","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/42824","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42824"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/42824\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":162158,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/42824\/revisions\/162158"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/40896"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42824"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42824"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42824"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}