{"id":35472,"date":"2025-11-19T09:59:10","date_gmt":"2025-11-19T08:59:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/predani-cizi-moci\/"},"modified":"2025-11-24T19:38:57","modified_gmt":"2025-11-24T18:38:57","slug":"predani-cizi-moci","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/trestni-pravo\/predani-cizi-moci\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-yoast-seo-table-of-contents yoast-table-of-contents\"><h2>P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"#h-uberlieferung-an-eine-auslandische-macht\" data-level=\"2\">P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-objektiver-tatbestand\" data-level=\"2\">Objektivn\u00ed skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-prufungsschritte\" data-level=\"3\">Kroky ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-qualifizierende-umstande\" data-level=\"2\">Kvalifikuj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-abgrenzung-zu-anderen-delikten\" data-level=\"2\">Rozli\u0161en\u00ed od jin\u00fdch delikt\u016f<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-konkurrenzen\" data-level=\"3\">Konkurence:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-beweislast-amp-beweiswurdigung\" data-level=\"2\">D\u016fkazn\u00ed b\u0159emeno a hodnocen\u00ed d\u016fkaz\u016f<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-staatsanwaltschaft\" data-level=\"3\">St\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-gericht\" data-level=\"3\">Soud:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-beschuldigte-person\" data-level=\"3\">Obvin\u011bn\u00e1 osoba:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-praxisbeispiele\" data-level=\"2\">P\u0159\u00edklady z praxe<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-subjektiver-tatbestand\" data-level=\"2\">Subjektivn\u00ed skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-schuld-amp-irrtumer\" data-level=\"2\">Vina a omyly<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafaufhebung-amp-diversion\" data-level=\"2\">Upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od potrest\u00e1n\u00ed a odklon<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-diversion\" data-level=\"3\">Odklon:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-ausschluss-der-diversion\" data-level=\"3\">Vylou\u010den\u00ed odklonu:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafzumessung-amp-folgen\" data-level=\"2\">Vym\u011b\u0159en\u00ed trestu a n\u00e1sledky<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-erschwerungsgrunde-bestehen-insbesondere-wenn\" data-level=\"3\">P\u0159it\u011b\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti existuj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na tehdy, pokud<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-milderungsgrunde-sind-etwa\" data-level=\"3\">Poleh\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafrahmen\" data-level=\"2\">Trestn\u00ed sazba<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-geldstrafe-tagessatzsystem\" data-level=\"2\">Pen\u011b\u017eit\u00fd trest \u2013 syst\u00e9m denn\u00edch sazeb<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-freiheitsstrafe-amp-teil-bedingte-nachsicht\" data-level=\"2\">Trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody a (\u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b) podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 odlo\u017een\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-zustandigkeit-der-gerichte\" data-level=\"2\">P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost soud\u016f<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-sachliche-zustandigkeit\" data-level=\"3\">V\u011bcn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-ortliche-zustandigkeit\" data-level=\"3\">M\u00edstn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-instanzenzug\" data-level=\"3\">Instan\u010dn\u00ed postup<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-zivilanspruche-im-strafverfahren\" data-level=\"2\">Ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed n\u00e1roky v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafverfahren-im-uberblick\" data-level=\"2\">P\u0159ehled trestn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-beschuldigtenrechte\" data-level=\"2\">Pr\u00e1va obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-praxis-amp-verhaltenstipps\" data-level=\"2\">Praxe a tipy pro chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-ihre-vorteile-mit-anwaltlicher-unterstutzung\" data-level=\"2\">Va\u0161e v\u00fdhody s pr\u00e1vn\u00ed podporou<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-faq-haufig-gestellte-fragen\" data-level=\"2\">FAQ \u2013 \u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-uberlieferung-an-eine-auslandische-macht\">P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci podle <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=103&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 103 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a><\/strong> doch\u00e1z\u00ed, pokud n\u011bkdo <strong>v\u011bdom\u011b p\u0159ed\u00e1 osobu chr\u00e1n\u011bnou v Rakousku ciz\u00edmu st\u00e1tn\u00edmu org\u00e1nu<\/strong> nebo <strong>zavede jej\u00ed faktickou dispozici<\/strong>. Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed poru\u0161uje <strong>st\u00e1tn\u00ed suverenitu<\/strong> a pravideln\u011b ohro\u017euje <strong>\u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed rakousk\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy<\/strong>, proto\u017ee doty\u010dn\u00e1 osoba je <strong>mimo p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed cesty<\/strong> p\u0159ed\u00e1na ciz\u00ed autorit\u011b. <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-3019fe8e alignfull uagb-is-root-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-32585033\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci znamen\u00e1, \u017ee n\u011bkdo <strong>v\u011bdom\u011b p\u0159ed\u00e1 chr\u00e1n\u011bnou osobu ciz\u00edmu \u00fa\u0159adu<\/strong> a t\u00edm <strong>poru\u0161\u00ed rakousk\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-45819ab6\"><picture>\r\n\t\t<source srcset=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7103-Ueberlieferung-an-eine-auslaendische-Macht-352x198.webp\" >\r\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-picture-small\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7103-Ueberlieferung-an-eine-auslaendische-Macht.webp\" alt=\"Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci. Kdy je napln\u011bn \u00a7 103 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku a jak\u00e9 hroz\u00ed tresty. Jasn\u011b, pr\u00e1vn\u011b, srozumiteln\u011b.\" >\r\n\t<\/picture>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-objektiver-tatbestand\">Objektivn\u00ed skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Objektivn\u00ed skutkov\u00e1 podstata <strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=103&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 103 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a><\/strong> P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci<\/strong> zahrnuje v\u0161echny vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a navenek vn\u00edmateln\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti, kter\u00e9 ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee osoba je <strong>p\u0159ed\u00e1na ciz\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed moci<\/strong> nebo <strong>p\u0159ivedena do jej\u00edho dispozi\u010dn\u00edho rozsahu<\/strong>. Zobrazuje v\u00fdhradn\u011b viditeln\u00e9 d\u011bn\u00ed, srovnateln\u00e9 se z\u00e1znamem, kter\u00fd pouze dokumentuje, co se skute\u010dn\u011b d\u011bje, bez zohledn\u011bn\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edch motiv\u016f. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u00e1konn\u00fd je ka\u017ed\u00fd stav, ve kter\u00e9m pachatel <strong>p\u0159ed\u00e1 osobu bez svobodn\u00e9ho a informovan\u00e9ho souhlasu<\/strong> ciz\u00ed moci nebo toto p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsob\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00edm, nebezpe\u010dnou v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017ekou nebo lst\u00ed. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, \u017ee proces p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed nebo zmocn\u011bn\u00ed objektivn\u011b rozpoznateln\u011b prob\u00edh\u00e1 a \u017ee doty\u010dn\u00e1 osoba <strong>fakticky ztr\u00e1c\u00ed svou svobodu rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>, proto\u017ee je vyd\u00e1na ciz\u00ed autorit\u011b. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-prufungsschritte\">Kroky ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tatsubjekt\">Subjekt \u010dinu:<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Subjektem \u010dinu je <strong>ka\u017ed\u00e1 osoba<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 aktivn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k tomu, \u017ee jin\u00e1 osoba je p\u0159ed\u00e1na ciz\u00ed moci.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tatobjekt\">P\u0159edm\u011bt \u00fatoku<strong>:<\/strong> <\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Objektem \u010dinu je <strong>ka\u017ed\u00e1 osoba<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 je bez sv\u00e9ho souhlasu nebo na z\u00e1klad\u011b n\u00e1sil\u00ed, nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017eky nebo lsti p\u0159ed\u00e1na ciz\u00ed moci.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tathandlung\">Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed: <\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vyd\u011bra\u010dsk\u00fd \u00fanos nastane, pokud je osoba <strong>proti nebo bez jej\u00ed v\u016fle<\/strong> p\u0159ed\u00e1na ciz\u00ed moci. Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v ka\u017ed\u00e9m jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fdm se osoba <strong>dostane do faktick\u00e9 dispozice ciz\u00ed moci<\/strong>. K tomu pat\u0159\u00ed zejm\u00e9na: <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edmu \u00fa\u0159adu<\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad fyzick\u00fdm p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00edm nebo p\u0159iveden\u00edm na m\u00edsto p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Zp\u016fsoben\u00ed p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> t\u00edm, \u017ee pachatel organiza\u010dn\u011b vytvo\u0159\u00ed situaci, kter\u00e1 ciz\u00ed moci umo\u017en\u00ed kontrolu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>N\u00e1sil\u00ed, nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017eka nebo lest<\/strong> k p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b nebo proveden\u00ed p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vyu\u017eit\u00ed bezbrannosti<\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad u nezletil\u00fdch nebo osob neschopn\u00fdch odporu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nen\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00fd pouh\u00fd ohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fd nebo vyhro\u017eovan\u00fd proces p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed. Mus\u00ed doj\u00edt ke <strong>skute\u010dn\u00e9mu procesu zmocn\u011bn\u00ed nebo p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-taterfolg\">N\u00e1sledek \u010dinu: <\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00dasp\u011bch \u010dinu spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve <strong>vykonan\u00e9m p\u0159eveden\u00ed ob\u011bti do mocensk\u00e9 sf\u00e9ry ciz\u00edho org\u00e1nu<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, \u017ee ciz\u00ed moc z\u00edsk\u00e1 faktickou mo\u017enost p\u0159\u00edstupu. Sta\u010d\u00ed, pokud pachatel vytvo\u0159\u00ed situaci, ve kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee ciz\u00ed moc bezprost\u0159edn\u011b vykon\u00e1vat kontrolu.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I pomocn\u00e9 \u00fakony, jako je transport, st\u0159e\u017een\u00ed nebo poskytnut\u00ed m\u00edsta p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed, napl\u0148uj\u00ed objektivn\u00ed skutkovou podstatu ve form\u011b spolupachatelstv\u00ed nebo p\u0159isp\u011bvatelstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-kausalitat\">Kauzalita:<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kauz\u00e1ln\u00ed je ka\u017ed\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, bez kter\u00e9ho by se ob\u011b\u0165 nedostala do mocensk\u00e9 sf\u00e9ry ciz\u00edho org\u00e1nu. K tomu pat\u0159\u00ed ve\u0161ker\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>umo\u017e\u0148uje proces p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zakl\u00e1d\u00e1 stav zmocn\u011bn\u00ed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>podporuje nebo posiluje p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I kdy\u017e ob\u011b\u0165 ze strachu nebo podvodu zd\u00e1nliv\u011b dobrovoln\u011b odejde, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 kauzalita zachov\u00e1na, pokud je tato sou\u010dinnost zalo\u017eena na manipulativn\u00edch nebo protipr\u00e1vn\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-objektive-zurechnung\">Objektivn\u00ed p\u0159i\u010ditatelnost: <\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00dasp\u011bch je pachateli objektivn\u011b p\u0159i\u010ditateln\u00fd, pokud v\u011bdom\u011b vytvo\u0159\u00ed situaci, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci, a t\u00edm zbav\u00ed Rakousko jeho n\u00e1roku na ochranu. Z\u00e1konn\u00e9 p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed by bylo p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9 pouze p\u0159i <strong>\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9m souhlasu<\/strong> nebo na z\u00e1klad\u011b <strong>z\u00e1konn\u00e9ho postupu<\/strong>. Pokud tyto p\u0159edpoklady chyb\u00ed, je ka\u017ed\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed objektivn\u011b protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed a napl\u0148uje <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=103&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 103 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a><\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-qualifizierende-umstande\">Kvalifikuj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci neobsahuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 klasick\u00e9 kvalifikace, jako je trv\u00e1n\u00ed, po\u010det ob\u011bt\u00ed nebo opakovan\u00e9 sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dinu. Rozli\u0161en\u00ed vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 z <strong>odstavce 1<\/strong> a <strong>odstavce 2<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 popisuj\u00ed dva r\u016fzn\u00e9 stupn\u011b z\u00e1va\u017enosti \u010dinu. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159it\u011b\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed norm\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad podle odstavce 1<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad nastane, pokud<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>je ob\u011b\u0165 p\u0159ed\u00e1na <strong>bez \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho souhlasu<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>je p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsobeno <strong>n\u00e1sil\u00edm, nebezpe\u010dnou v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017ekou nebo lst\u00ed<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nebo je ob\u011b\u0165 <strong>nezletil\u00e1, slabomysln\u00e1, du\u0161evn\u011b nemocn\u00e1 nebo neschopn\u00e1 odporu z d\u016fvodu sv\u00e9ho stavu<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tento odstavec popisuje standardn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad, proto\u017ee zde je st\u00e1tn\u00ed n\u00e1rok na ochranu nejv\u00edce naru\u0161en.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad podle odstavce 2<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e9n\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad nastane, pokud<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ob\u011b\u0165 <strong>nebyla p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00edm vystavena \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9mu nebezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Posouzen\u00ed, zda existuje z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed situac\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na politickou situac\u00ed, mo\u017en\u00fdmi metodami zach\u00e1zen\u00ed ciz\u00edho \u00fa\u0159adu nebo n\u00e1sledky, kter\u00e9 lze pro ob\u011b\u0165 realisticky o\u010dek\u00e1vat.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-abgrenzung-zu-anderen-delikten\">Rozli\u0161en\u00ed od jin\u00fdch delikt\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Skutkov\u00e1 podstata <strong>p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci<\/strong> je napln\u011bna, pokud pachatel p\u0159ed\u00e1 osobu <strong>bez \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho souhlasu<\/strong> ciz\u00edmu st\u00e1tn\u00edmu org\u00e1nu a t\u00edm ji vyjme z <strong>rakousk\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 sf\u00e9ry<\/strong>. Protiz\u00e1konnost spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v <strong>z\u00e1sahu do osobn\u00ed svobody<\/strong> a sou\u010dasn\u011b v <strong>z\u00e1sahu do st\u00e1tn\u00edho n\u00e1roku na ochranu<\/strong>, proto\u017ee kontrola je c\u00edlen\u011b p\u0159evedena na ciz\u00ed moc. <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/trestni-pravo\/zbaveni-osobni-svobody\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 99 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku \u2013 Zbaven\u00ed osobn\u00ed svobody:<\/a><\/strong> Zahrnuje <strong>pouh\u00e9 zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo uv\u011bzn\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong> bez zm\u011bny m\u00edsta. Objektivn\u00ed obsah se omezuje na <strong>omezen\u00ed svobody pohybu<\/strong>. Pokud nedojde k p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edmu st\u00e1tn\u00edmu org\u00e1nu, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 u <a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/trestni-pravo\/vyderacsky-unos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 99 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku.<\/a>  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/trestni-pravo\/vyderacsky-unos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 102 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku \u2013 Vyd\u011bra\u010dsk\u00fd \u00fanos:<\/a><\/strong> P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 <strong>zmocn\u011bn\u00ed nebo \u00fanos<\/strong>, kter\u00fd je zam\u011b\u0159en na <strong>vyv\u00edjen\u00ed tlaku na t\u0159et\u00ed osobu<\/strong>. U <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=103&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 103 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a><\/strong> nen\u00ed v pop\u0159ed\u00ed \u00famysl vyd\u00edrat, n\u00fdbr\u017e <strong>skute\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci<\/strong>. Oba delikty se mohou setkat, pokud zmocn\u011bn\u00ed vy\u00fast\u00ed v p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00a7 105 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku \u2013 N\u00e1tlak:<\/strong> Dopl\u0148kov\u00e1 trestnost z d\u016fvodu n\u00e1tlaku p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v \u00favahu pouze tehdy, pokud pachatel <strong>nad r\u00e1mec p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> donut\u00ed osobu k ur\u010dit\u00e9mu chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00a7 269 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku \u2013 Bran\u00ed rukojm\u00ed p\u0159i pokusech o osvobozen\u00ed:<\/strong> Zahrnuje ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u016f\u010di \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm nebo t\u0159et\u00edm osob\u00e1m s c\u00edlem zabr\u00e1nit osvobozen\u00ed. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=103&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 103 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a><\/strong> se naproti tomu t\u00fdk\u00e1 <strong>aktivn\u00edho p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> ciz\u00ed moci. Ob\u011b skutkov\u00e9 podstaty se nep\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00ed. \u00a7 269 se p\u0159ipojuje pouze tehdy, pokud jsou v pr\u016fb\u011bhu p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed <strong>u\u010din\u011bny dal\u0161\u00ed ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fakony<\/strong>.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-konkurrenzen\">Konkurence:<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-echte-konkurrenz\">Skute\u010dn\u00e1 konkurence: <\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nastane, pokud k p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159istoup\u00ed <strong>dal\u0161\u00ed samostatn\u00e9 delikty<\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad zbaven\u00ed osobn\u00ed svobody, nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017eka nebo ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed dobro je poru\u0161eno samostatn\u011b. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-unechte-konkurrenz\">Neskute\u010dn\u00e1 konkurence:<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nastane pouze tehdy, pokud speci\u00e1ln\u00ed skutkov\u00e1 podstata zcela zahrnuje ve\u0161kerou protipr\u00e1vnost. To je z\u0159\u00eddka, proto\u017ee <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=103&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 103 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a><\/strong> se t\u00fdk\u00e1 <strong>samostatn\u00e9ho, z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho ochrann\u00e9ho dobra<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tatmehrheit\">Mnoho\u010dinnost: <\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u011bkolik p\u0159edan\u00fdch osob nebo n\u011bkolik proces\u016f vedou k <strong>n\u011bkolika samostatn\u00fdm delikt\u016fm<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-fortgesetzte-handlung\">Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed: <\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dlouhodob\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo p\u0159em\u00eds\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 <strong>jednotn\u00fdm \u010dinem<\/strong>, pokud trv\u00e1 \u00famysl p\u0159edat. \u010cin kon\u010d\u00ed teprve <strong>skute\u010dnou mo\u017enost\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/strong> ciz\u00ed moci. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-beweislast-amp-beweiswurdigung\">D\u016fkazn\u00ed b\u0159emeno a hodnocen\u00ed d\u016fkaz\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-staatsanwaltschaft\">St\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed: <\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">St\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed nese d\u016fkazn\u00ed b\u0159emeno pro existenci <strong>p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci<\/strong>, jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravu nebo proveden\u00ed, jako\u017e i pro okolnosti, za kter\u00fdch byla ob\u011b\u0165 p\u0159ed\u00e1na kontrole ciz\u00edho st\u00e1tn\u00edho org\u00e1nu. Prokazuje, \u017ee doty\u010dn\u00e1 osoba byla <strong>bez \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho souhlasu<\/strong>, <strong>n\u00e1sil\u00edm<\/strong>, <strong>nebezpe\u010dnou v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017ekou<\/strong> nebo <strong>lst\u00ed<\/strong> odstran\u011bna ze sv\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 sf\u00e9ry nebo p\u0159ivedena do situace, ve kter\u00e9 ciz\u00ed moc z\u00edskala faktickou dispozici. Stejn\u011b tak je t\u0159eba prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee existoval <strong>re\u00e1ln\u00fd proces p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed nebo mechanismus p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>, kter\u00fd p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b umo\u017enil.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-gericht\">Soud: <\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Soud p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1 a zhodnot\u00ed v\u0161echny d\u016fkazy v celkov\u00e9m kontextu. Nevyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 nevhodn\u00e9 nebo protipr\u00e1vn\u011b z\u00edskan\u00e9 d\u016fkazy. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, zda byla ob\u011b\u0165 skute\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ed\u00e1na <strong>ciz\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed kontrole<\/strong> a zda bylo jedn\u00e1n\u00ed objektivn\u011b vhodn\u00e9 k tomu, aby ciz\u00ed moc uvedlo do situace, kdy m\u016f\u017ee vykon\u00e1vat <strong>skute\u010dn\u00e9 mo\u017enosti p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/strong>. Soud zjist\u00ed, zda do\u0161lo k <strong>procesu p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>, kter\u00fd nese skutkovou podstatu a podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 ochrannou funkci st\u00e1tu.   <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-beschuldigte-person\">Obvin\u011bn\u00e1 osoba: <\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Obvin\u011bn\u00e1 osoba nem\u00e1 d\u016fkazn\u00ed b\u0159emeno. M\u016f\u017ee v\u0161ak pouk\u00e1zat na pochybnosti o <strong>skute\u010dn\u00e9 situaci p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>, o \u00fadajn\u00e9m <strong>jedn\u00e1n\u00ed zmocn\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong>, o <strong>\u00fa\u010dinnosti nebo dobrovolnosti \u00fadajn\u00e9ho souhlasu<\/strong>, jako\u017e i o <strong>zapojen\u00ed ciz\u00edho st\u00e1tn\u00edho org\u00e1nu<\/strong>. Stejn\u011b tak m\u016f\u017ee pouk\u00e1zat na rozpory, mezery v d\u016fkazech nebo nejasn\u00e9 znaleck\u00e9 posudky.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Typick\u00e9 d\u016fkazy jsou diplomatick\u00e9 nebo policejn\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00ed stopy, video- nebo monitorovac\u00ed materi\u00e1l k procesu p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed, digit\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fadaje o poloze, jako jsou GPS- nebo mobiln\u00ed protokoly, \u00fadaje o pohybu vozidel, cestovn\u00ed nebo hrani\u010dn\u00ed dokumentace, jako\u017e i stopy na m\u00edstech nebo p\u0159edm\u011btech, kter\u00e9 poukazuj\u00ed na kontrolovan\u00e9 p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed. Ve speci\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech mohou b\u00fdt relevantn\u00ed i psychologick\u00e9 nebo pedagogick\u00e9 znaleck\u00e9 posudky, zejm\u00e9na pokud byla ob\u011b\u0165 <strong>nezletil\u00e1<\/strong>, <strong>slabomysln\u00e1<\/strong> nebo <strong>neschopn\u00e1 odporu<\/strong> a je t\u0159eba posoudit, zda byl \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd souhlas vylou\u010den. <\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si po\u017eadovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-praxisbeispiele\">P\u0159\u00edklady z praxe<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Podvod a skryt\u00e9 p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> Pachatel vyl\u00e1k\u00e1 ob\u011b\u0165 pod zd\u00e1nliv\u011b ne\u0161kodnou z\u00e1minkou, nap\u0159\u00edklad \u00fadajn\u00fdm administrativn\u00edm vyjasn\u011bn\u00edm nebo \u017e\u00e1dost\u00ed o podporu. Ob\u011b\u0165 dobrovoln\u011b n\u00e1sleduje, dostane se v\u0161ak do prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pachatel pln\u011b kontroluje. Tam je <strong>p\u0159ed\u00e1na ciz\u00edmu st\u00e1tn\u00edmu org\u00e1nu<\/strong> nebo p\u0159ivedena na m\u00edsto, kde m\u00e1 tento <strong>faktickou mo\u017enost p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/strong>. Podvod sta\u010d\u00ed, pokud slou\u017e\u00ed k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed situace, ve kter\u00e9 ciz\u00ed moc p\u0159evezme kontrolu. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je <strong>skute\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159eveden\u00ed dispozice<\/strong>, nikoli zda ob\u011b\u0165 d\u0159\u00edve kladla odpor.    <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed s vyu\u017eit\u00edm bezbrannosti:<\/strong> <strong>Nezletil\u00e1, slabomysln\u00e1 nebo neschopn\u00e1 odporu osoba<\/strong> je d\u016fv\u011brn\u00edkem p\u0159ivedena k ciz\u00edmu \u00fa\u0159adu, \u00fadajn\u011b za \u00fa\u010delem z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed pomoci. Ob\u011b\u0165 nerozpozn\u00e1 z\u00e1va\u017enost a nem\u016f\u017ee procesu zabr\u00e1nit. Proto\u017ee je osoba <strong>bez \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho souhlasu<\/strong> vyd\u00e1na ciz\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed moci, je skutkov\u00e1 podstata jednozna\u010dn\u011b napln\u011bna.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tyto p\u0159\u00edklady ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee ji\u017e <strong>p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed nebo p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed osoby ciz\u00edmu st\u00e1tn\u00edmu org\u00e1nu<\/strong> napl\u0148uje p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ve smyslu <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=103&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 103 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a><\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je <strong>c\u00edlen\u00e9 p\u0159eveden\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 kontroly<\/strong>, bez ohledu na to, zda je pou\u017eito n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo zda proces prob\u00edh\u00e1 podvodem. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-subjektiver-tatbestand\">Subjektivn\u00ed skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pachatel jedn\u00e1 \u00famysln\u011b. V\u00ed nebo alespo\u0148 bere v \u00favahu, \u017ee osobu <strong>bez \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho souhlasu<\/strong> p\u0159ed\u00e1 ciz\u00edmu st\u00e1tn\u00edmu org\u00e1nu nebo ji p\u0159ivede do situace, ve kter\u00e9 tento z\u00edsk\u00e1 <strong>faktickou mo\u017enost p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/strong>. Rozpozn\u00e1, \u017ee ob\u011b\u0165 je t\u00edm vyjmuta ze sv\u00e9 dosavadn\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 sf\u00e9ry a podrobena kontrole ciz\u00ed moci.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed je \u00famysl <strong>v\u011bdom\u011b p\u0159ev\u00e9st kontrolu na ciz\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed org\u00e1n<\/strong>. Pachatel chce dos\u00e1hnout toho, aby ciz\u00ed moc z\u00edskala dispozici nad ob\u011bt\u00ed, a o tuto \u00fa\u010dinnost v\u00e1\u017en\u011b usiluje. Zda ciz\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad pozd\u011bji skute\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ijme opat\u0159en\u00ed nebo ob\u011b\u0165 d\u00e1le zadr\u017euje, nehraje pro trestnost \u017e\u00e1dnou roli.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd \u00famysl nen\u00ed d\u00e1n, pokud se pachatel domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee ob\u011b\u0165 <strong>svobodn\u011b a informovan\u011b<\/strong> spolupracuje na p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo pokud se myln\u011b domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee nen\u00ed zapojen \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd ciz\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad. Kdo vych\u00e1z\u00ed z toho, \u017ee jeho chov\u00e1n\u00ed slou\u017e\u00ed pouze ne\u0161kodn\u00e9mu organiza\u010dn\u00edmu \u00fa\u010delu, nenapl\u0148uje subjektivn\u00ed skutkovou podstatu. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, \u017ee pachatel <strong>v\u011bdom\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a kontroluje<\/strong> situaci ob\u011bti, aby ji p\u0159edal ciz\u00ed moci. Kdo rozpozn\u00e1, \u017ee je ob\u011b\u0165 z\u00e1visl\u00e1, bezbrann\u00e1 nebo zastra\u0161en\u00e1, a tuto situaci c\u00edlen\u011b vyu\u017eije k umo\u017en\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu ciz\u00edho st\u00e1tn\u00edho org\u00e1nu, jedn\u00e1 \u00famysln\u011b a t\u00edm napl\u0148uje subjektivn\u00ed skutkovou podstatu <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=103&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 103 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a><\/strong>. <\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si po\u017eadovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-schuld-amp-irrtumer\">Vina a omyly<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/trestni-pravo\/pravni-omyl\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Omyly o z\u00e1kazu<\/a>:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Omyly o z\u00e1kazu jsou omluviteln\u00e9 pouze tehdy, pokud byly <strong>nevyhnuteln\u00e9<\/strong>. Kdo se chov\u00e1 zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd <strong>zjevn\u011b zasahuje do pr\u00e1v jin\u00fdch<\/strong>, nem\u016f\u017ee se dovol\u00e1vat toho, \u017ee neznal protipr\u00e1vnost. Ka\u017ed\u00fd je povinen se informovat o <strong>pr\u00e1vn\u00edch hranic\u00edch<\/strong> sv\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Pouh\u00e1 nev\u011bdomost nebo lehkomysln\u00fd omyl nezbavuje odpov\u011bdnosti.   <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Princip viny:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trestn\u00fd je pouze ten, kdo jedn\u00e1 <strong>zavin\u011bn\u011b<\/strong>. \u00damysln\u00e9 trestn\u00e9 \u010diny vy\u017eaduj\u00ed, aby pachatel znal podstatn\u00e9 d\u011bn\u00ed a alespo\u0148 <strong>s n\u00edm sm\u00ed\u0159en\u011b souhlasil<\/strong>. Pokud tento \u00famysl chyb\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad proto, \u017ee se pachatel myln\u011b domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee jeho chov\u00e1n\u00ed je dovoleno nebo je <strong>dobrovoln\u011b podporov\u00e1no<\/strong>, jedn\u00e1 se nanejv\u00fd\u0161 o nedbalost. Ta u \u00famysln\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f nesta\u010d\u00ed.   <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Nep\u0159\u00ed\u010detnost:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 vina nepostihuje toho, kdo v dob\u011b \u010dinu nebyl schopen v d\u016fsledku <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 du\u0161evn\u00ed poruchy<\/strong>, <strong>chorobn\u00e9 du\u0161evn\u00ed poruchy<\/strong> nebo <strong>v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 neschopnosti ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> rozpoznat protipr\u00e1vnost sv\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed nebo jednat podle tohoto pozn\u00e1n\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edch pochybnost\u00ed bude vy\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1n <strong>psychiatrick\u00fd posudek<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/trestni-pravo\/omluvitelna-nouze\/\">Omluviteln\u00e1 krajn\u00ed nouze<\/a>:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Omluviteln\u00e1 krajn\u00ed nouze m\u016f\u017ee nastat, pokud pachatel jedn\u00e1 v <strong>extr\u00e9mn\u00ed t\u00edsni<\/strong>, aby odvr\u00e1til <strong>akutn\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/strong> pro vlastn\u00ed \u017eivot nebo \u017eivot jin\u00fdch. Chov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee v\u0161ak p\u016fsobit <strong>sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed viny<\/strong> nebo omluviteln\u011b, pokud neexistovala jin\u00e1 mo\u017enost. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/trestni-pravo\/mylna-domnenka-o-existenci-okolnosti-vylucujici-protipravnost\/\">Domn\u011bl\u00e1 nutn\u00e1 obrana<\/a>:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kdo se myln\u011b domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee je opr\u00e1vn\u011bn k obrann\u00e9mu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, jedn\u00e1 bez \u00famyslu, pokud byl omyl <strong>v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd a pochopiteln\u00fd<\/strong>. Takov\u00fd omyl m\u016f\u017ee <strong>sn\u00ed\u017eit nebo vylou\u010dit vinu<\/strong>. Pokud v\u0161ak z\u016fstane poru\u0161en\u00ed povinnosti p\u00e9\u010de, p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v \u00favahu nedbalostn\u00ed nebo trest zm\u00edr\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed, nikoli v\u0161ak ospravedln\u011bn\u00ed.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafaufhebung-amp-diversion\">Upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od potrest\u00e1n\u00ed a odklon<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-diversion\">Odklon:<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Diverze je u <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=103&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 103 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a><\/strong> mo\u017en\u00e1 <strong>pouze ve velmi vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech<\/strong>.<br\/>D\u016fvodem je, \u017ee p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci p\u0159edstavuje <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00ed svobody<\/strong> a z\u00e1sah do st\u00e1tn\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 funkce.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Odklonn\u00e9 vy\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed lze p\u0159ezkoumat pouze tehdy, pokud<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>vina pachatele je <strong>n\u00edzk\u00e1<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ob\u011b\u0165 nebyla vystavena <strong>\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9mu nebezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>nebylo pou\u017eito n\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong> a <strong>\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017eka<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ob\u011b\u0165 byla rychle znovu chr\u00e1n\u011bna,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a skutkov\u00fd stav je celkov\u011b <strong>p\u0159ehledn\u00fd a jasn\u00fd<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokud p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v \u00favahu diverze, m\u016f\u017ee soud na\u0159\u00eddit nap\u0159\u00edklad <strong>pen\u011b\u017eit\u00e9 pln\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>obecn\u011b prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce<\/strong> nebo <strong>narovn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>.<br\/>Diverze nevede k <strong>\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu odsouzen\u00ed<\/strong> a <strong>\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu z\u00e1znamu v trestn\u00edm rejst\u0159\u00edku<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ausschluss-der-diversion\">Vylou\u010den\u00ed odklonu:<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Odklon je vylou\u010den, pokud<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ob\u011b\u0165 byla <strong>v\u00fdrazn\u011b ohro\u017eena<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pachatel <strong>pou\u017eil n\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong> nebo <strong>v\u00e1\u017en\u011b vyhro\u017eoval<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci bylo <strong>t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dokon\u010deno<\/strong> nebo ji\u017e prob\u011bhlo,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nebo pokud chov\u00e1n\u00ed celkov\u011b p\u0159edstavuje <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00ed osobn\u00edch nebo st\u00e1tn\u00edch z\u00e1jm\u016f<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pouze p\u0159i <strong>n\u00edzk\u00e9 vin\u011b<\/strong>, p\u0159i <strong>jasn\u00e9m nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong> nebo pokud je pachatel <strong>okam\u017eit\u011b ch\u00e1pav\u00fd<\/strong>, m\u016f\u017ee soud v\u016fbec p\u0159ezkoumat, zda existuje v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad.<\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si po\u017eadovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafzumessung-amp-folgen\">Vym\u011b\u0159en\u00ed trestu a n\u00e1sledky<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Soud vym\u011b\u0159\u00ed trest podle <strong>z\u00e1va\u017enosti procesu p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>druhu a intenzity p\u016fsoben\u00ed na ob\u011b\u0165<\/strong>, <strong>\u00fa\u010dasti ciz\u00edho st\u00e1tn\u00edho org\u00e1nu<\/strong> a ot\u00e1zky, jak daleko p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b pokro\u010dilo. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, zda pachatel ob\u011b\u0165 <strong>v\u011bdom\u011b p\u0159ivedl do kontroly ciz\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed moci<\/strong> nebo to c\u00edlen\u011b p\u0159ipravil. I ot\u00e1zka, jak pl\u00e1novit\u011b pachatel postupuje a jak\u00e9 prost\u0159edky pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, ovliv\u0148uje v\u00fd\u0161i trestu.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-erschwerungsgrunde-bestehen-insbesondere-wenn\">P\u0159it\u011b\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti existuj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na tehdy, pokud<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ob\u011b\u0165 je del\u0161\u00ed dobu dr\u017eena pod kontrolou,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pachatel postupuje <strong>pl\u00e1novit\u011b a organizovan\u011b<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci ji\u017e zna\u010dn\u011b pokro\u010dilo nebo bylo dokon\u010deno,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>jsou ob\u011bti zp\u016fsobeny <strong>t\u011blesn\u00e9 nebo du\u0161evn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>je pou\u017eito <strong>n\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017eky<\/strong> nebo <strong>lsti<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nebo je pachatel ji\u017e <strong>trestn\u011b st\u00edh\u00e1n pro obdobn\u00fd \u010din<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-milderungsgrunde-sind-etwa\"><strong>Poleh\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>pokud je pachatel <strong>bez\u00fahonn\u00fd<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pokud u\u010din\u00ed <strong>dozn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> a projev\u00ed sebereflexi,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pokud ob\u011b\u0165 <strong>dobrovoln\u011b propust\u00ed<\/strong> a p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed rozpoznateln\u011b ukon\u010d\u00ed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pokud se sna\u017e\u00ed <strong>o n\u00e1pravu \u0161kody<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pokud existuje <strong>mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 psychick\u00e1 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nebo pokud \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed <strong>trv\u00e1 nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b dlouho<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Soud m\u016f\u017ee <strong>podm\u00edn\u011bn\u011b upustit<\/strong> od trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody, pokud nep\u0159esahuje dva roky a pachatel je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za soci\u00e1ln\u011b stabiln\u00edho. U del\u0161\u00edch trest\u016f p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v \u00favahu <strong>\u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong>. Krom\u011b toho m\u016f\u017ee soud na\u0159\u00eddit <strong>opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong>, jako je terapie, n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody nebo povinnost prov\u00e1d\u011bt stabiliza\u010dn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, pokud se zdaj\u00ed b\u00fdt vhodn\u00e1 k zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edm \u010din\u016fm.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafrahmen\">Trestn\u00ed sazba<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci se trestn\u00ed sazba v z\u00e1kladn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pohybuje mezi <strong>deseti a dvaceti lety odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody<\/strong>. Tato trestn\u00ed sazba plat\u00ed v\u017edy, kdy\u017e pachatel osobu <strong>bez \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho souhlasu<\/strong>, <strong>n\u00e1sil\u00edm<\/strong>, <strong>nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm<\/strong> nebo <strong>lst\u00ed<\/strong> p\u0159edvede ciz\u00edmu st\u00e1tn\u00edmu org\u00e1nu nebo osobu, kter\u00e1 je nezletil\u00e1, du\u0161evn\u011b posti\u017een\u00e1 nebo neschopn\u00e1 odporu, p\u0159ed\u00e1 ciz\u00ed moci.<br\/>Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, \u017ee ob\u011b\u0165 je <strong>v\u011bdom\u011b vy\u0148ata z rakousk\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 moci<\/strong> a vystavena ciz\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed kontrole. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed trestn\u00ed sazba<\/strong> plat\u00ed tehdy, pokud ob\u011b\u0165 nebyla \u010dinem <strong>vystavena \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9mu nebezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/strong>. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se trest pohybuje mezi <strong>p\u011bti a deseti lety odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody<\/strong>. Tato sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 sazba se pou\u017eije pouze tehdy, pokud cel\u00e1 situace z\u016fstane p\u0159ehledn\u00e1 a pro ob\u011b\u0165 nevznikne \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00ed.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Proto\u017ee <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=103&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 103 StGB<\/a><\/strong> <strong>neobsahuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd kvalifikovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad n\u00e1sledku<\/strong>, neexistuje <strong>\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed trestu<\/strong>, i kdy\u017e v souvislosti s \u010dinem dojde k dal\u0161\u00edm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm nebo nebezpe\u010d\u00edm. \u010cin v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u017edy z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm zlo\u010dinem vzhledem k z\u00e1sahu do osobn\u00ed svobody a st\u00e1tn\u00ed suverenity. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u00e1konn\u00e9 zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed trestu dobrovoln\u00fdm propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm nen\u00ed v <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=103&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 103 StGB<\/a><\/strong> stanoveno. Soud m\u016f\u017ee dobrovoln\u00e9 ukon\u010den\u00ed zohlednit pouze <strong>v r\u00e1mci stanoven\u00ed trestu<\/strong>, nikoli u samotn\u00e9 trestn\u00ed sazby. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-geldstrafe-tagessatzsystem\">Pen\u011b\u017eit\u00fd trest \u2013 syst\u00e9m denn\u00edch sazeb<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rakousk\u00e9 trestn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 pen\u011b\u017eit\u00e9 tresty podle <strong>syst\u00e9mu denn\u00edch sazeb<\/strong>. <g id=\"gid_1\">Po\u010det denn\u00edch sazeb<\/g> se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed <g id=\"gid_2\">vinou<\/g>, <g id=\"gid_3\">\u010d\u00e1stka za den<\/g> se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed <g id=\"gid_4\">finan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdkonnost\u00ed<\/g>. T\u00edm se trest p\u0159izp\u016fsob\u00ed osobn\u00edm pom\u011br\u016fm a p\u0159esto z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 citeln\u00fd.  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Rozp\u011bt\u00ed:<\/strong> a\u017e <strong>720 denn\u00edch sazeb<\/strong> \u2013 minim\u00e1ln\u011b <strong>4 eura<\/strong>, maxim\u00e1ln\u011b <strong>5 000 eur<\/strong> za den.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Praktick\u00fd vzorec:<\/strong> P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b <strong>6 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody odpov\u00edd\u00e1 zhruba 360 denn\u00edm sazb\u00e1m<\/strong>. Tento p\u0159epo\u010det slou\u017e\u00ed pouze jako <strong>orientace<\/strong> a nen\u00ed <strong>\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pevn\u00e9 sch\u00e9ma<\/strong>. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u0159i nezaplacen\u00ed:<\/strong> Soud m\u016f\u017ee ulo\u017eit <strong>n\u00e1hradn\u00ed trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody<\/strong>. Zpravidla plat\u00ed: <strong>1 den n\u00e1hradn\u00edho trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody odpov\u00edd\u00e1 2 denn\u00edm sazb\u00e1m<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-freiheitsstrafe-amp-teil-bedingte-nachsicht\">Trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody a (\u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b) podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 odlo\u017een\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a7 37 StGB: Pokud z\u00e1konn\u00fd trest dosahuje <strong>a\u017e p\u011bti let<\/strong>, m\u016f\u017ee soud nam\u00edsto <strong>kr\u00e1tk\u00e9ho trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody v d\u00e9lce nejv\u00fd\u0161e jednoho roku<\/strong> ulo\u017eit <strong>pen\u011b\u017eit\u00fd trest<\/strong>.<br\/>Tato mo\u017enost <strong>zde v\u0161ak neexistuje<\/strong>, proto\u017ee nejm\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed trestn\u00ed sazba <strong>p\u0159esahuje p\u011bt let<\/strong>. Pen\u011b\u017eit\u00fd trest je proto vylou\u010den, i kdyby p\u0159\u00edpad m\u011bl b\u00fdt za\u0159azen do spodn\u00ed oblasti protipr\u00e1vnosti. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a7 43 StGB: Trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt <strong>podm\u00edn\u011bn\u011b odlo\u017een<\/strong>, pokud <strong>nep\u0159esahuje dva roky<\/strong> a odsouzen\u00e9mu je potvrzena <strong>pozitivn\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed progn\u00f3za<\/strong>. <strong>Zku\u0161ebn\u00ed doba<\/strong> \u010din\u00ed <strong>jeden a\u017e t\u0159i roky<\/strong>. Pokud je absolvov\u00e1na bez odvol\u00e1n\u00ed, pova\u017euje se trest za definitivn\u011b odlo\u017een\u00fd. Tato mo\u017enost p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v \u00favahu i zde, av\u0161ak pouze v p\u0159\u00edpadech <strong>men\u0161\u00ed viny<\/strong> a odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edch <strong>n\u00edzk\u00fdch trestech<\/strong>.   <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a7 43a StGB: <strong>\u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong> umo\u017e\u0148uje kombinaci <strong>nepodm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9<\/strong> a <strong>podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti trestu<\/strong>. U trest\u016f odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody v d\u00e9lce <strong>v\u00edce ne\u017e \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f a\u017e dvou let<\/strong> m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u010d\u00e1st trestu <strong>podm\u00edn\u011bn\u011b odlo\u017eena<\/strong> nebo nahrazena <strong>pen\u011b\u017eit\u00fdm trestem a\u017e do v\u00fd\u0161e 720 denn\u00edch sazeb<\/strong>, pokud to odpov\u00edd\u00e1 okolnostem p\u0159\u00edpadu. Toto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, pokud sice mus\u00ed b\u00fdt sankcionov\u00e1n ur\u010dit\u00fd stupe\u0148 protipr\u00e1vnosti, ale sou\u010dasn\u011b se <strong>nejev\u00ed jako nezbytn\u00e9 \u00fapln\u00e9 uv\u011bzn\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/trestni-pravo\/probace-a-pokyny\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7\u00a7 50 a\u017e 52 StGB:<\/a> Soud m\u016f\u017ee dodate\u010dn\u011b ulo\u017eit <strong>opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong> a na\u0159\u00eddit <strong>probaci<\/strong>.<br\/>Typick\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed <strong>n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody<\/strong>, \u00fa\u010dasti na <strong>terapii<\/strong> nebo poradenstv\u00ed, <strong>z\u00e1kaz\u016f kontaktu nebo pobytu<\/strong> a dal\u0161\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed k <strong>soci\u00e1ln\u00ed stabilizaci<\/strong>.<br\/>C\u00edlem je <strong>zabr\u00e1nit dal\u0161\u00edm trestn\u00fdm \u010din\u016fm<\/strong> a podpo\u0159it <strong>trval\u00e9 dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kona<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-zustandigkeit-der-gerichte\">P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost soud\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sachliche-zustandigkeit\">V\u011bcn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci rozhoduje zpravidla <strong>krajsk\u00fd soud jako sen\u00e1t slo\u017een\u00fd ze soudc\u016f a p\u0159\u00edsed\u00edc\u00edch<\/strong>, proto\u017ee z\u00e1konn\u00fd trestn\u00ed r\u00e1mec stanov\u00ed <strong>deset a\u017e dvacet let odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody<\/strong>, a jedn\u00e1 se tedy o <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd zlo\u010din<\/strong>.<br\/>P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost samosoudce nep\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v \u00favahu, proto\u017ee trest v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159esahuje p\u011bt let.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Porotn\u00ed soud<\/strong> se nenasazuje. A\u010dkoli je \u010din z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd, z\u00e1kon nep\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 povinn\u00fd <strong>do\u017eivotn\u00ed trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody<\/strong>, a proto z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost u sen\u00e1tu slo\u017een\u00e9ho ze soudc\u016f a p\u0159\u00edsed\u00edc\u00edch. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ortliche-zustandigkeit\">M\u00edstn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd je soud <strong>m\u00edsta \u010dinu<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je zejm\u00e9na, <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>kde za\u010dalo p\u0159evzet\u00ed nebo odn\u011bt\u00ed ob\u011bti,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kde bylo p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed nebo p\u0159eveden\u00ed p\u0159ipraveno nebo provedeno,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nebo kde spo\u010d\u00edvalo t\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b d\u011bn\u00ed kolem p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nelze-li m\u00edsto \u010dinu jednozna\u010dn\u011b ur\u010dit, \u0159\u00edd\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost <strong>bydli\u0161t\u011bm obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho<\/strong>, <strong>m\u00edstem zat\u010den\u00ed<\/strong> nebo <strong>s\u00eddlem v\u011bcn\u011b p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho st\u00e1tn\u00edho zastupitelstv\u00ed<\/strong>.<br\/>\u0158\u00edzen\u00ed se vede tam, kde je nejl\u00e9pe zaru\u010deno <strong>\u00fa\u010deln\u00e9 a \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 proveden\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-instanzenzug\">Instan\u010dn\u00ed postup<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Proti rozsudk\u016fm krajsk\u00e9ho soudu je p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9 <strong data-start=\"1566\" data-end=\"1603\">odvol\u00e1n\u00ed k vrchn\u00edmu zemsk\u00e9mu soudu<\/strong>.<br\/>Proti rozhodnut\u00edm vrchn\u00edho zemsk\u00e9ho soudu lze n\u00e1sledn\u011b podat <strong data-start=\"1678\" data-end=\"1704\">st\u00ed\u017enost pro zmate\u010dnost<\/strong> nebo <strong data-start=\"1710\" data-end=\"1731\">dal\u0161\u00ed odvol\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> k <strong data-start=\"1737\" data-end=\"1761\">Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edmu soudu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-zivilanspruche-im-strafverfahren\">Ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed n\u00e1roky v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159i p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci mohou ob\u011b\u0165 sama nebo bl\u00edzc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed jako <strong>soukrom\u00ed \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci<\/strong> uplat\u0148ovat v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed n\u00e1roky. K nim pat\u0159\u00ed <strong>bolestn\u00e9<\/strong>, <strong>n\u00e1klady na terapii a l\u00e9\u010dbu<\/strong>, <strong>u\u0161l\u00fd zisk<\/strong>, <strong>n\u00e1klady na p\u00e9\u010di<\/strong>, <strong>n\u00e1klady na psychologickou podporu<\/strong>, jako\u017e i n\u00e1hrada za <strong>du\u0161evn\u00ed utrpen\u00ed<\/strong> a jin\u00e9 n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 \u0161kody, kter\u00e9 vznikly <strong>vyjmut\u00edm z ochrann\u00e9ho prostoru<\/strong>, <strong>p\u0159eveden\u00edm<\/strong> nebo s t\u00edm spojenou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>P\u0159ipojen\u00ed soukrom\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edka<\/strong> br\u00e1n\u00ed <strong>proml\u010den\u00ed<\/strong> v\u0161ech uplatn\u011bn\u00fdch n\u00e1rok\u016f, dokud trestn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1. Teprve po pr\u00e1vn\u00ed moci rozsudku za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 proml\u010dec\u00ed lh\u016fta znovu b\u011b\u017eet, pokud n\u00e1rok nebyl zcela p\u0159izn\u00e1n. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dobrovoln\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody<\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad omluvou, finan\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1hradou nebo aktivn\u00ed podporou ob\u011bti, m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt <strong>poleh\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed<\/strong> \u00fa\u010dinek, pokud je provedena v\u010das, v\u011brohodn\u011b a \u00fapln\u011b.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokud v\u0161ak pachatel ob\u011b\u0165 <strong>v\u011bdom\u011b vystavil kontrole ciz\u00ed moci<\/strong>, zp\u016fsobil zna\u010dnou psychickou \u00fajmu nebo situaci obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b bezohledn\u011b vyu\u017eil, ztr\u00e1c\u00ed pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1prava zpravidla sv\u016fj zm\u00edr\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek. V takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech ji\u017e nem\u016f\u017ee vyv\u00e1\u017eit sp\u00e1chan\u00e9 bezpr\u00e1v\u00ed. <\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si po\u017eadovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafverfahren-im-uberblick\">P\u0159ehled trestn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Zah\u00e1jen\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> Postaven\u00ed obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159i konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm podez\u0159en\u00ed; od t\u00e9 doby pln\u00e1 pr\u00e1va obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Policie\/st\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed:<\/strong> St\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed vede, krimin\u00e1ln\u00ed policie vy\u0161et\u0159uje; c\u00edl: zastaven\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, odklon nebo ob\u017ealoba.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V\u00fdslech obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho:<\/strong> Pou\u010den\u00ed p\u0159edem; p\u0159ibr\u00e1n\u00ed obh\u00e1jce vede k odkladu; pr\u00e1vo nevypov\u00eddat z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nahl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed do spisu:<\/strong> u policie\/st\u00e1tn\u00edho zastupitelstv\u00ed\/soudu; zahrnuje i d\u016fkazn\u00ed prost\u0159edky (pokud nen\u00ed ohro\u017een \u00fa\u010del vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hlavn\u00ed l\u00ed\u010den\u00ed:<\/strong> \u00fastn\u00ed dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed, rozsudek; rozhodnut\u00ed o n\u00e1roc\u00edch soukrom\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-beschuldigtenrechte\">Pr\u00e1va obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Informace &amp; obhajoba:<\/strong> Pr\u00e1vo na srozum\u011bn\u00ed, pr\u00e1vn\u00ed pomoc, svobodn\u00e1 volba obh\u00e1jce, pomoc s p\u0159ekladem, n\u00e1vrhy na proveden\u00ed d\u016fkaz\u016f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ml\u010den\u00ed &amp; advok\u00e1t:<\/strong> Pr\u00e1vo ml\u010det kdykoli; p\u0159i p\u0159ibr\u00e1n\u00ed obh\u00e1jce je t\u0159eba v\u00fdslech odlo\u017eit.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Povinnost pou\u010dit:<\/strong> v\u010dasn\u00e9 informace o podez\u0159en\u00ed\/pr\u00e1vech; v\u00fdjimky pouze k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u00fa\u010delu vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nahl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed do spisu v praxi:<\/strong> Vy\u0161et\u0159ovac\u00ed a hlavn\u00ed spisy; nahl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed t\u0159et\u00edch osob omezeno ve prosp\u011bch obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si po\u017eadovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-praxis-amp-verhaltenstipps\">Praxe a tipy pro chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Zachovat ml\u010den\u00ed.<\/strong><br\/>Sta\u010d\u00ed kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed: \u201eVyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1m sv\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va nevypov\u00eddat a nejprve se porad\u00edm se svou obhajobou.\u201c Toto pr\u00e1vo plat\u00ed ji\u017e od prvn\u00edho v\u00fdslechu polici\u00ed nebo st\u00e1tn\u00edm zastupitelstv\u00edm. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Neprodlen\u011b kontaktujte obhajobu.<\/strong><br\/>Bez nahl\u00e9dnut\u00ed do vy\u0161et\u0159ovac\u00edch spis\u016f by nem\u011blo b\u00fdt u\u010din\u011bno \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed. Teprve po nahl\u00e9dnut\u00ed do spisu m\u016f\u017ee obhajoba posoudit, jak\u00e1 strategie a jak\u00e9 zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed d\u016fkaz\u016f jsou smyslupln\u00e9. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>D\u016fkazy neprodlen\u011b zajist\u011bte.<\/strong><br\/>Nechte si vypracovat l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 n\u00e1lezy, fotografie s datem a m\u011b\u0159\u00edtkem, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b rentgenov\u00e9 nebo CT sn\u00edmky. Oble\u010den\u00ed, p\u0159edm\u011bty a digit\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1znamy uchov\u00e1vejte odd\u011blen\u011b. Seznam sv\u011bdk\u016f a protokoly o pam\u011bti vytvo\u0159te nejpozd\u011bji do dvou dn\u016f.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nenavazujte kontakt s protistranou.<\/strong><br\/>Va\u0161e vlastn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy, hovory nebo p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky mohou b\u00fdt pou\u017eity jako d\u016fkaz proti v\u00e1m. Ve\u0161ker\u00e1 komunikace by m\u011bla prob\u00edhat v\u00fdhradn\u011b prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm obhajoby. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Zajist\u011bte v\u010das video a datov\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy.<\/strong><br\/>Monitorovac\u00ed videa ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 doprav\u011b, v restaurac\u00edch nebo od spr\u00e1vc\u016f budov jsou \u010dasto po n\u011bkolika dnech automaticky smaz\u00e1na. \u017d\u00e1dosti o zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dat je proto nutn\u00e9 okam\u017eit\u011b podat provozovateli, policii nebo st\u00e1tn\u00edmu zastupitelstv\u00ed. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Prohl\u00eddky a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dokumentujte.<\/strong><br\/>P\u0159i domovn\u00edch prohl\u00eddk\u00e1ch nebo zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed byste si m\u011bli vy\u017e\u00e1dat kopii na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo z\u00e1pisu. Poznamenejte si datum, \u010das, z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 osoby a v\u0161echny odnesen\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u0159i zat\u010den\u00ed: \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00fdpov\u011bdi k v\u011bci.<\/strong><br\/>Trvejte na okam\u017eit\u00e9m uv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed va\u0161\u00ed obhajoby. Vazba sm\u00ed b\u00fdt ulo\u017eena pouze p\u0159i d\u016fvodn\u00e9m podez\u0159en\u00ed ze sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu a dal\u0161\u00edm vazebn\u00edm d\u016fvodu. M\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prost\u0159edky (nap\u0159. slib, ohla\u0161ovac\u00ed povinnost, z\u00e1kaz kontaktu) maj\u00ed p\u0159ednost.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>N\u00e1hradu \u0161kody c\u00edlen\u011b p\u0159ipravte.<\/strong><br\/>Platby nebo nab\u00eddky od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed by m\u011bly b\u00fdt vy\u0159izov\u00e1ny a dokl\u00e1d\u00e1ny v\u00fdhradn\u011b prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm obhajoby. Strukturovan\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody m\u00e1 pozitivn\u00ed vliv na odklon a stanoven\u00ed trestu. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ihre-vorteile-mit-anwaltlicher-unterstutzung\">Va\u0161e v\u00fdhody s pr\u00e1vn\u00ed podporou<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0158\u00edzen\u00ed pro p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci pat\u0159\u00ed k nejn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm oblastem trestn\u00edho pr\u00e1va. \u010cin se t\u00fdk\u00e1 nejen osobn\u00ed svobody ob\u011bti, ale dot\u00fdk\u00e1 se i zahrani\u010dn\u011bpolitick\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f, st\u00e1tn\u00edch ochrann\u00fdch povinnost\u00ed a \u010dasto i slo\u017eit\u00fdch mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch souvislost\u00ed. \u010casto je nejasn\u00e9, jakou roli ciz\u00ed st\u00e1t skute\u010dn\u011b hr\u00e1l, zda existoval \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd souhlas nebo zda obvin\u011bn\u00fd spr\u00e1vn\u011b posoudil dosah sv\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zda se jedn\u00e1 o trestn\u00fd p\u0159evod, z\u00e1vis\u00ed na tom, zda byla dot\u010den\u00e1 osoba <strong>bez \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho souhlasu<\/strong> p\u0159edvedena ciz\u00edmu st\u00e1tn\u00edmu org\u00e1nu a zda pachatel tuto kontrolu v\u011bdom\u011b umo\u017enil. Ji\u017e mal\u00e9 odchylky v postupech, komunika\u010dn\u00edch dokladech nebo datech o pohybu mohou pr\u00e1vn\u00ed posouzen\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u011b zm\u011bnit. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Advok\u00e1tn\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed od sam\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00e1tku je proto z\u00e1sadn\u00ed. Zaji\u0161\u0165uje, aby byly d\u016fkazn\u00ed prost\u0159edky spr\u00e1vn\u011b zaji\u0161t\u011bny, postupy srozumiteln\u011b pops\u00e1ny a nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed vylou\u010dena. Jen tak lze objasnit, zda se skute\u010dn\u011b jedn\u00e1 o trestn\u00fd p\u0159evod nebo o jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vzniklo z nev\u011bdomosti, struktur d\u016fv\u011bry nebo chybn\u00fdch p\u0159edpoklad\u016f.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Na\u0161e advok\u00e1tn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>zkoum\u00e1, zda se jedn\u00e1 o trestn\u00fd p\u0159evod nebo zda souhlas, omyl nebo chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed zapojen\u00ed ciz\u00edho org\u00e1nu br\u00e1n\u00ed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>analyzuje v\u00fdpov\u011bdi sv\u011bdk\u016f, digit\u00e1ln\u00ed data a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vazby na rozpory a v\u011brohodnost,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>doprov\u00e1z\u00ed V\u00e1s cel\u00fdm vy\u0161et\u0159ovac\u00edm a soudn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00edm,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vyv\u00edj\u00ed strategii obhajoby, kter\u00e1 p\u0159esn\u011b a v\u011brohodn\u011b popisuje v\u00e1\u0161 \u00famysl jednat,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a d\u016fsledn\u011b chr\u00e1n\u00ed va\u0161e pr\u00e1va v\u016f\u010di policii, st\u00e1tn\u00edmu zastupitelstv\u00ed a soudu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Strukturovan\u00e1, objektivn\u00ed a odborn\u011b podlo\u017een\u00e1 obhajoba zaji\u0161\u0165uje, aby \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bylo vedeno <strong>spravedliv\u011b<\/strong>, <strong>vyv\u00e1\u017een\u011b<\/strong> a <strong>v souladu s pr\u00e1vem<\/strong>. Z\u00edsk\u00e1te tak jasn\u00e9 zastoupen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 sm\u011b\u0159uje ke spravedliv\u00e9mu a srozumiteln\u00e9mu \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. <\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si po\u017eadovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-faq-haufig-gestellte-fragen\">FAQ \u2013 \u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq uagb-faq__outer-wrap uagb-block-FAQ-UEBERLIEFERUNG-AUSLAENDISCHE-MACHT uagb-faq-icon-row uagb-faq-layout-accordion uagb-faq-expand-first-true uagb-faq-inactive-other-true uagb-faq__wrap uagb-buttons-layout-wrap uagb-faq-equal-height     \" data-faqtoggle=\"true\" role=\"tablist\"><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/harlander-partner.eu\\\/cs\\\/trestni-pravo\\\/predani-cizi-moci\\\/\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Co konkr\\u00e9tn\\u011b znamen\\u00e1 p\\u0159ed\\u00e1n\\u00ed ciz\\u00ed moci podle \\u00a7 103 StGB?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"P\\u0159ed\\u00e1n\\u00ed ciz\\u00ed moci nastane tehdy, kdy\\u017e je osoba v\\u011bdom\\u011b p\\u0159ed\\u00e1na do faktick\\u00e9 kontroly ciz\\u00edho st\\u00e1tu. Jde o to, \\u017ee n\\u011bkdo vyd\\u00e1 ciz\\u00edmu \\u00fa\\u0159adu osobu chr\\u00e1n\\u011bnou v Rakousku nebo ji p\\u0159ivede do jeho dispozi\\u010dn\\u00ed sf\\u00e9ry. Rozhoduj\\u00edc\\u00ed je, \\u017ee t\\u00edm je opu\\u0161t\\u011bn rakousk\\u00fd ochrann\\u00fd prostor a ciz\\u00ed org\\u00e1n z\\u00edsk\\u00e1 k osob\\u011b p\\u0159\\u00edstup. Zda se to d\\u011bje otev\\u0159en\\u011b nebo skryt\\u011b, nehraje pro trestnost \\u017e\\u00e1dnou roli. D\\u016fle\\u017eit\\u00e9 je pouze to, \\u017ee je p\\u0159ed\\u00e1n\\u00ed c\\u00edlen\\u011b vyvol\\u00e1no.    \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Mus\\u00ed dot\\u010den\\u00e1 osoba skute\\u010dn\\u011b p\\u0159ekro\\u010dit hranici nebo b\\u00fdt p\\u0159evezena do zahrani\\u010d\\u00ed?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Nen\\u00ed to nutn\\u00e9, proto\\u017ee rozhoduj\\u00edc\\u00ed je faktick\\u00e1 kontrola ciz\\u00edm org\\u00e1nem. Ke sp\\u00e1ch\\u00e1n\\u00ed \\u010dinu m\\u016f\\u017ee doj\\u00edt i tehdy, pokud se p\\u0159ed\\u00e1n\\u00ed uskute\\u010dn\\u00ed na rakousk\\u00e9m \\u00fazem\\u00ed a ciz\\u00ed moc tam ji\\u017e z\\u00edsk\\u00e1 faktick\\u00fd p\\u0159\\u00edstup. P\\u0159ekro\\u010den\\u00ed hranic a cestovn\\u00ed pohyby jsou proto pouze indiciemi, ale nikoli nutn\\u00fdmi p\\u0159edpoklady. D\\u016fle\\u017eit\\u00e9 je, kde le\\u017e\\u00ed mo\\u017enost st\\u00e1tn\\u00edho vlivu. Jakmile m\\u016f\\u017ee ciz\\u00ed \\u00fa\\u0159ad s osobou \\u00fa\\u010dinn\\u011b disponovat, je skutkov\\u00e1 podstata napln\\u011bna.    \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Je \\u010din trestn\\u00fd i tehdy, pokud dot\\u010den\\u00e1 osoba zd\\u00e1nliv\\u011b souhlas\\u00ed?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"\\u00da\\u010dinn\\u00fd souhlas p\\u0159edpokl\\u00e1d\\u00e1, \\u017ee osoba skute\\u010dn\\u011b ch\\u00e1pe d\\u016fsledky p\\u0159ed\\u00e1n\\u00ed a m\\u016f\\u017ee se svobodn\\u011b rozhodnout. Pokud je n\\u011bkdo nezletil\\u00fd, du\\u0161evn\\u011b posti\\u017een\\u00fd nebo masivn\\u011b pod tlakem, zpravidla neexistuje platn\\u00fd souhlas. I p\\u0159i zd\\u00e1nliv\\u011b dobrovoln\\u00e9m doprov\\u00e1zen\\u00ed m\\u016f\\u017ee b\\u00fdt skutkov\\u00e1 podstata napln\\u011bna, pokud hraje roli klam\\u00e1n\\u00ed, vyhro\\u017eov\\u00e1n\\u00ed nebo z\\u00e1vislost. Pr\\u00e1v\\u011b u bezbrann\\u00fdch nebo z\\u00e1visl\\u00fdch osob soud velmi pe\\u010dliv\\u011b zkoum\\u00e1, zda existovala skute\\u010dn\\u00e1 svoboda rozhodov\\u00e1n\\u00ed. Pochybnosti zde nejdou k t\\u00ed\\u017ei dot\\u010den\\u00e9 osoby.    \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Jak\\u00e9 tresty hroz\\u00ed p\\u0159i odsouzen\\u00ed za p\\u0159ed\\u00e1n\\u00ed ciz\\u00ed moci?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Trestn\\u00ed sazba je velmi vysok\\u00e1, proto\\u017ee \\u010din se t\\u00fdk\\u00e1 jak osobn\\u00ed svobody, tak i st\\u00e1tn\\u00ed ochrann\\u00e9 funkce. V b\\u011b\\u017en\\u00e9m p\\u0159\\u00edpad\\u011b je t\\u0159eba po\\u010d\\u00edtat s dlouholet\\u00fdmi tresty odn\\u011bt\\u00ed svobody, kter\\u00e9 v\\u00fdrazn\\u011b p\\u0159esahuj\\u00ed oblast leh\\u010d\\u00edch delikt\\u016f. Pouze ve zvl\\u00e1\\u0161t\\u011b p\\u0159\\u00edzniv\\u00fdch konstelac\\u00edch p\\u0159ich\\u00e1z\\u00ed v \\u00favahu m\\u00edrn\\u011bj\\u0161\\u00ed trestn\\u00ed sazba, nap\\u0159\\u00edklad pokud neexistovalo \\u017e\\u00e1dn\\u00e9 z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 nebezpe\\u010d\\u00ed pro dot\\u010denou osobu. Soud p\\u0159itom zohled\\u0148uje v\\u0161echny okolnosti jednotliv\\u00e9ho p\\u0159\\u00edpadu a osobn\\u00ed situaci obvin\\u011bn\\u00e9ho. P\\u0159esto z\\u016fst\\u00e1v\\u00e1 obvin\\u011bn\\u00ed v\\u017edy z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00fdm zlo\\u010dinem.    \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Hraje roli, zda ciz\\u00ed \\u00fa\\u0159ad skute\\u010dn\\u011b provede opat\\u0159en\\u00ed proti ob\\u011bti?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Pro trestnost posta\\u010d\\u00ed ji\\u017e to, \\u017ee ciz\\u00ed org\\u00e1n z\\u00edsk\\u00e1 faktickou mo\\u017enost p\\u0159\\u00edstupu. Nen\\u00ed proto nutn\\u00e9, aby \\u00fa\\u0159ad okam\\u017eit\\u011b vysl\\u00fdchal, zadr\\u017eoval nebo trestal. D\\u016fle\\u017eit\\u00e9 je, \\u017ee pachatel zorganizuje p\\u0159ed\\u00e1n\\u00ed tak, aby ciz\\u00ed st\\u00e1t mohl vykon\\u00e1vat kontrolu. Zda tento pak skute\\u010dn\\u011b zas\\u00e1hne, ovliv\\u0148uje p\\u0159edev\\u0161\\u00edm hodnocen\\u00ed n\\u00e1sledk\\u016f a stanoven\\u00ed trestu. Samotn\\u00e1 skutkov\\u00e1 podstata se v\\u00e1\\u017ee na vytvo\\u0159enou p\\u0159\\u00edstupovou situaci.    \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Jak bych se m\\u011bl chovat, pokud proti mn\\u011b existuje odpov\\u00eddaj\\u00edc\\u00ed podez\\u0159en\\u00ed?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"V takov\\u00e9 situaci byste m\\u011bli d\\u016fsledn\\u011b vyu\\u017e\\u00edvat sv\\u00e9ho pr\\u00e1va nevypov\\u00eddat a ne\\u010dinit \\u017e\\u00e1dn\\u00e1 v\\u011bcn\\u00e1 prohl\\u00e1\\u0161en\\u00ed bez pr\\u00e1vn\\u00ed rady. Ka\\u017ed\\u00e9 spont\\u00e1nn\\u00ed vysv\\u011btlen\\u00ed m\\u016f\\u017ee zna\\u010dn\\u011b zt\\u00ed\\u017eit pozd\\u011bj\\u0161\\u00ed strategie obhajoby, proto\\u017ee vy\\u0161et\\u0159ovac\\u00ed org\\u00e1ny dokumentuj\\u00ed ka\\u017ed\\u00e9 vyj\\u00e1d\\u0159en\\u00ed p\\u0159esn\\u011b. Vyhledejte proto co nejd\\u0159\\u00edve specializovanou trestn\\u00ed obhajobu a umo\\u017en\\u011bte nejprve nahl\\u00e9dnut\\u00ed do spisu. Teprve pot\\u00e9 lze odhadnout, kter\\u00e9 \\u00fadaje jsou smyslupln\\u00e9 a kter\\u00e9 zaji\\u0161t\\u011bn\\u00ed d\\u016fkaz\\u016f je nezbytn\\u00e9.   \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Pro\\u010d je specializovan\\u00e1 trestn\\u00ed obhajoba u tohoto obvin\\u011bn\\u00ed obzvl\\u00e1\\u0161t\\u011b d\\u016fle\\u017eit\\u00e1?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Obvin\\u011bn\\u00ed z p\\u0159ed\\u00e1n\\u00ed ciz\\u00ed moci spojuje komplexn\\u00ed trestn\\u011bpr\\u00e1vn\\u00ed ot\\u00e1zky s mezin\\u00e1rodn\\u00edmi a \\u010dasto politick\\u00fdmi aspekty. Specializovan\\u00e1 obhajoba m\\u016f\\u017ee pr\\u00e1vn\\u011b za\\u0159adit skutkov\\u00fd stav, c\\u00edlen\\u011b p\\u0159ezkoumat d\\u016fkazy a v\\u010das vypracovat okolnosti, kter\\u00e9 obvin\\u011bn\\u00e9ho zbavuj\\u00ed viny. Db\\u00e1 na to, aby byla va\\u0161e pr\\u00e1va v p\\u0159\\u00edpravn\\u00e9m \\u0159\\u00edzen\\u00ed a p\\u0159ed soudem zachov\\u00e1na a aby nedo\\u0161lo k jednostrann\\u00e9mu nebo p\\u0159ed\\u010dasn\\u00e9mu hodnocen\\u00ed. \\u010c\\u00edm d\\u0159\\u00edve vyu\\u017eijete advok\\u00e1tn\\u00ed podpory, t\\u00edm l\\u00e9pe se lze vyhnout chyb\\u00e1m a vybudovat udr\\u017eitelnou strategii obhajoby.   \"}}]}<\/script><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-UEBERLIEFERUNG-AUSLAENDISCHE-MACHT-Q1 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Co konkr\u00e9tn\u011b znamen\u00e1 p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci podle \u00a7 103 StGB?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci nastane tehdy, kdy\u017e je osoba v\u011bdom\u011b p\u0159ed\u00e1na do faktick\u00e9 kontroly ciz\u00edho st\u00e1tu. Jde o to, \u017ee n\u011bkdo vyd\u00e1 ciz\u00edmu \u00fa\u0159adu osobu chr\u00e1n\u011bnou v Rakousku nebo ji p\u0159ivede do jeho dispozi\u010dn\u00ed sf\u00e9ry. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, \u017ee t\u00edm je opu\u0161t\u011bn rakousk\u00fd ochrann\u00fd prostor a ciz\u00ed org\u00e1n z\u00edsk\u00e1 k osob\u011b p\u0159\u00edstup. Zda se to d\u011bje otev\u0159en\u011b nebo skryt\u011b, nehraje pro trestnost \u017e\u00e1dnou roli. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je pouze to, \u017ee je p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed c\u00edlen\u011b vyvol\u00e1no.    <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-UEBERLIEFERUNG-AUSLAENDISCHE-MACHT-Q2 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Mus\u00ed dot\u010den\u00e1 osoba skute\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ekro\u010dit hranici nebo b\u00fdt p\u0159evezena do zahrani\u010d\u00ed?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Nen\u00ed to nutn\u00e9, proto\u017ee rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je faktick\u00e1 kontrola ciz\u00edm org\u00e1nem. Ke sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dinu m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt i tehdy, pokud se p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed uskute\u010dn\u00ed na rakousk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed a ciz\u00ed moc tam ji\u017e z\u00edsk\u00e1 faktick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. P\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed hranic a cestovn\u00ed pohyby jsou proto pouze indiciemi, ale nikoli nutn\u00fdmi p\u0159edpoklady. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, kde le\u017e\u00ed mo\u017enost st\u00e1tn\u00edho vlivu. Jakmile m\u016f\u017ee ciz\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad s osobou \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b disponovat, je skutkov\u00e1 podstata napln\u011bna.    <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-UEBERLIEFERUNG-AUSLAENDISCHE-MACHT-Q3 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Je \u010din trestn\u00fd i tehdy, pokud dot\u010den\u00e1 osoba zd\u00e1nliv\u011b souhlas\u00ed?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>\u00da\u010dinn\u00fd souhlas p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee osoba skute\u010dn\u011b ch\u00e1pe d\u016fsledky p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee se svobodn\u011b rozhodnout. Pokud je n\u011bkdo nezletil\u00fd, du\u0161evn\u011b posti\u017een\u00fd nebo masivn\u011b pod tlakem, zpravidla neexistuje platn\u00fd souhlas. I p\u0159i zd\u00e1nliv\u011b dobrovoln\u00e9m doprov\u00e1zen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt skutkov\u00e1 podstata napln\u011bna, pokud hraje roli klam\u00e1n\u00ed, vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo z\u00e1vislost. Pr\u00e1v\u011b u bezbrann\u00fdch nebo z\u00e1visl\u00fdch osob soud velmi pe\u010dliv\u011b zkoum\u00e1, zda existovala skute\u010dn\u00e1 svoboda rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pochybnosti zde nejdou k t\u00ed\u017ei dot\u010den\u00e9 osoby.    <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-UEBERLIEFERUNG-AUSLAENDISCHE-MACHT-Q4 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Jak\u00e9 tresty hroz\u00ed p\u0159i odsouzen\u00ed za p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Trestn\u00ed sazba je velmi vysok\u00e1, proto\u017ee \u010din se t\u00fdk\u00e1 jak osobn\u00ed svobody, tak i st\u00e1tn\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 funkce. V b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je t\u0159eba po\u010d\u00edtat s dlouholet\u00fdmi tresty odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159esahuj\u00ed oblast leh\u010d\u00edch delikt\u016f. Pouze ve zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch konstelac\u00edch p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v \u00favahu m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed trestn\u00ed sazba, nap\u0159\u00edklad pokud neexistovalo \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pro dot\u010denou osobu. Soud p\u0159itom zohled\u0148uje v\u0161echny okolnosti jednotliv\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edpadu a osobn\u00ed situaci obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho. P\u0159esto z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 obvin\u011bn\u00ed v\u017edy z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm zlo\u010dinem.    <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-UEBERLIEFERUNG-AUSLAENDISCHE-MACHT-Q5 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Hraje roli, zda ciz\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad skute\u010dn\u011b provede opat\u0159en\u00ed proti ob\u011bti?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Pro trestnost posta\u010d\u00ed ji\u017e to, \u017ee ciz\u00ed org\u00e1n z\u00edsk\u00e1 faktickou mo\u017enost p\u0159\u00edstupu. Nen\u00ed proto nutn\u00e9, aby \u00fa\u0159ad okam\u017eit\u011b vysl\u00fdchal, zadr\u017eoval nebo trestal. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, \u017ee pachatel zorganizuje p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed tak, aby ciz\u00ed st\u00e1t mohl vykon\u00e1vat kontrolu. Zda tento pak skute\u010dn\u011b zas\u00e1hne, ovliv\u0148uje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm hodnocen\u00ed n\u00e1sledk\u016f a stanoven\u00ed trestu. Samotn\u00e1 skutkov\u00e1 podstata se v\u00e1\u017ee na vytvo\u0159enou p\u0159\u00edstupovou situaci.    <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-UEBERLIEFERUNG-AUSLAENDISCHE-MACHT-Q6 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Jak bych se m\u011bl chovat, pokud proti mn\u011b existuje odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed podez\u0159en\u00ed?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>V takov\u00e9 situaci byste m\u011bli d\u016fsledn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvat sv\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va nevypov\u00eddat a ne\u010dinit \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 v\u011bcn\u00e1 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed bez pr\u00e1vn\u00ed rady. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 spont\u00e1nn\u00ed vysv\u011btlen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zna\u010dn\u011b zt\u00ed\u017eit pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed strategie obhajoby, proto\u017ee vy\u0161et\u0159ovac\u00ed org\u00e1ny dokumentuj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b. Vyhledejte proto co nejd\u0159\u00edve specializovanou trestn\u00ed obhajobu a umo\u017en\u011bte nejprve nahl\u00e9dnut\u00ed do spisu. Teprve pot\u00e9 lze odhadnout, kter\u00e9 \u00fadaje jsou smyslupln\u00e9 a kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed d\u016fkaz\u016f je nezbytn\u00e9.   <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-UEBERLIEFERUNG-AUSLAENDISCHE-MACHT-Q7 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Pro\u010d je specializovan\u00e1 trestn\u00ed obhajoba u tohoto obvin\u011bn\u00ed obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Obvin\u011bn\u00ed z p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci spojuje komplexn\u00ed trestn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi a \u010dasto politick\u00fdmi aspekty. Specializovan\u00e1 obhajoba m\u016f\u017ee pr\u00e1vn\u011b za\u0159adit skutkov\u00fd stav, c\u00edlen\u011b p\u0159ezkoumat d\u016fkazy a v\u010das vypracovat okolnosti, kter\u00e9 obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho zbavuj\u00ed viny. Db\u00e1 na to, aby byla va\u0161e pr\u00e1va v p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a p\u0159ed soudem zachov\u00e1na a aby nedo\u0161lo k jednostrann\u00e9mu nebo p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9mu hodnocen\u00ed. \u010c\u00edm d\u0159\u00edve vyu\u017eijete advok\u00e1tn\u00ed podpory, t\u00edm l\u00e9pe se lze vyhnout chyb\u00e1m a vybudovat udr\u017eitelnou strategii obhajoby.   <\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si po\u017eadovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace<\/span><\/a>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci K p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci podle \u00a7 103 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku doch\u00e1z\u00ed, pokud n\u011bkdo v\u011bdom\u011b p\u0159ed\u00e1 osobu chr\u00e1n\u011bnou v Rakousku ciz\u00edmu st\u00e1tn\u00edmu org\u00e1nu nebo zavede jej\u00ed faktickou dispozici. Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed &#8230;","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":35473,"parent":38205,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[575],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35472","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-trestni-pravo"],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7103-Ueberlieferung-an-eine-auslaendische-Macht.webp",1920,1080,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7103-Ueberlieferung-an-eine-auslaendische-Macht-100x100.webp",100,100,true],"medium":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7103-Ueberlieferung-an-eine-auslaendische-Macht-800x450.webp",800,450,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7103-Ueberlieferung-an-eine-auslaendische-Macht.webp",1920,1080,false],"large":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7103-Ueberlieferung-an-eine-auslaendische-Macht.webp",1920,1080,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7103-Ueberlieferung-an-eine-auslaendische-Macht.webp",1536,864,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7103-Ueberlieferung-an-eine-auslaendische-Macht.webp",1920,1080,false],"336x":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7103-Ueberlieferung-an-eine-auslaendische-Macht-336x189.webp",336,189,true],"352x":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7103-Ueberlieferung-an-eine-auslaendische-Macht-352x198.webp",352,198,true],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7103-Ueberlieferung-an-eine-auslaendische-Macht-300x300.webp",300,300,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7103-Ueberlieferung-an-eine-auslaendische-Macht-600x338.webp",600,338,true],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7103-Ueberlieferung-an-eine-auslaendische-Macht-100x100.webp",100,100,true],"yarpp-thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7103-Ueberlieferung-an-eine-auslaendische-Macht-120x120.webp",120,120,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Simon Prem","author_link":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/author\/simon-prem\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci K p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed moci podle \u00a7 103 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku doch\u00e1z\u00ed, pokud n\u011bkdo v\u011bdom\u011b p\u0159ed\u00e1 osobu chr\u00e1n\u011bnou v Rakousku ciz\u00edmu st\u00e1tn\u00edmu org\u00e1nu nebo zavede jej\u00ed faktickou dispozici. Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed ...","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35472","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35472"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35472\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/38205"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35473"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35472"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35472"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35472"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}