{"id":101525,"date":"2025-12-24T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-24T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/trestni-pravo\/tezka-loupez\/"},"modified":"2025-12-24T10:02:41","modified_gmt":"2025-12-24T09:02:41","slug":"tezka-loupez","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/trestni-pravo\/tezka-loupez\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 loupe\u017e"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-yoast-seo-table-of-contents yoast-table-of-contents\"><h2>T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 loupe\u017e<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"#h-schwerer-raub-0\" data-level=\"2\">T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 loupe\u017e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-objektiver-tatbestand\" data-level=\"2\">Objektivn\u00ed skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-qualifizierende-umstande\" data-level=\"3\">Kvalifikuj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-prufungsschritte\" data-level=\"3\">Kroky ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-abgrenzung-zu-anderen-delikten\" data-level=\"2\">Rozli\u0161en\u00ed od jin\u00fdch delikt\u016f<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-konkurrenzen\" data-level=\"3\">Konkurence:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-beweislast-amp-beweiswurdigung\" data-level=\"2\">D\u016fkazn\u00ed b\u0159emeno a hodnocen\u00ed d\u016fkaz\u016f<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-staatsanwaltschaft\" data-level=\"3\">St\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-gericht\" data-level=\"3\">Soud:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-beschuldigte-person\" data-level=\"3\">Obvin\u011bn\u00e1 osoba:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-praxisbeispiele\" data-level=\"2\">P\u0159\u00edklady z praxe<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-subjektiver-tatbestand\" data-level=\"2\">Subjektivn\u00ed skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-schuld-amp-irrtumer\" data-level=\"2\">Vina a omyly<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafaufhebung-amp-diversion\" data-level=\"2\">Upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od potrest\u00e1n\u00ed a odklon<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-diversion\" data-level=\"3\">Odklon:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-ausschluss-der-diversion\" data-level=\"3\">Vylou\u010den\u00ed odklonu:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafzumessung-amp-folgen\" data-level=\"2\">Vym\u011b\u0159en\u00ed trestu a n\u00e1sledky<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-erschwerungsgrunde-bestehen-insbesondere-wenn\" data-level=\"3\">P\u0159it\u011b\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti existuj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na tehdy, pokud<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-milderungsgrunde-sind-etwa\" data-level=\"3\">Poleh\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafrahmen\" data-level=\"2\">Trestn\u00ed sazba<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-geldstrafe-tagessatzsystem\" data-level=\"2\">Pen\u011b\u017eit\u00fd trest \u2013 syst\u00e9m denn\u00edch sazeb<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-freiheitsstrafe-amp-teil-bedingte-nachsicht\" data-level=\"2\">Trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody a (\u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b) podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 odlo\u017een\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-zustandigkeit-der-gerichte\" data-level=\"2\">P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost soud\u016f<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-sachliche-zustandigkeit\" data-level=\"3\">V\u011bcn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-ortliche-zustandigkeit\" data-level=\"3\">M\u00edstn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-instanzenzug\" data-level=\"3\">Instan\u010dn\u00ed postup<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-zivilanspruche-im-strafverfahren\" data-level=\"2\">Ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed n\u00e1roky v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strafverfahren-im-uberblick\" data-level=\"2\">P\u0159ehled trestn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-ermittlungsbeginn\" data-level=\"3\">Zah\u00e1jen\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-polizei-und-staatsanwaltschaft\" data-level=\"3\">Policie a st\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-beschuldigtenvernehmung\" data-level=\"3\">V\u00fdslech obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-akteneinsicht\" data-level=\"3\">Nahl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed do spisu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-hauptverhandlung\" data-level=\"3\">Hlavn\u00ed l\u00ed\u010den\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-beschuldigtenrechte\" data-level=\"2\">Pr\u00e1va obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-praxis-amp-verhaltenstipps\" data-level=\"2\">Praxe a tipy pro chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-ihre-vorteile-mit-anwaltlicher-unterstutzung\" data-level=\"2\">Va\u0161e v\u00fdhody s pr\u00e1vn\u00ed podporou<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-faq-haufig-gestellte-fragen\" data-level=\"2\">FAQ \u2013 \u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-schwerer-raub-0\">T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 loupe\u017e<\/h2>\n\n<p>Podle <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=143&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 143 StGB<\/a><\/strong> se <strong>t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 loupe\u017ee<\/strong> dopust\u00ed ten, kdo <strong>z\u00e1kladn\u00ed skutkovou podstatu loupe\u017ee podle \u00a7 142 StGB<\/strong> kvalifikuje <strong>zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi okolnostmi<\/strong>. To plat\u00ed zejm\u00e9na tehdy, pokud <strong>se pachatel p\u0159i \u010dinu dopust\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u011b<\/strong> nebo <strong>zp\u016fsob\u00ed ob\u011bti t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00datok <strong>na majetek<\/strong> je p\u0159itom spojen s <strong>v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161enou slo\u017ekou n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo ohro\u017een\u00ed<\/strong>. <strong>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 protipr\u00e1vnost<\/strong> t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 loupe\u017ee vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 ze <strong>zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 intenzity \u00fatoku na t\u011blo, \u017eivot nebo t\u011blesnou integritu ob\u011bti<\/strong> a od\u016fvod\u0148uje <strong>v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed trestn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00ed posouzen\u00ed<\/strong>. <strong>I u t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 loupe\u017ee posta\u010d\u00ed ji\u017e kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed faktick\u00e9 moci nad v\u011bc\u00ed<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-f014c6a5 alignfull uagb-is-root-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-9d35703f\">\n<p><strong>O t\u011b\u017ekou loupe\u017e se jedn\u00e1<\/strong>, pokud je <strong>ciz\u00ed movit\u00e1 v\u011bc<\/strong> za podm\u00ednek <strong>\u00a7 142 StGB<\/strong> <strong>odejmuta nebo vynucena<\/strong> a <strong>nav\u00edc se p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed kvalifikuj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti<\/strong>, jako je <strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u011b<\/strong>, <strong>jin\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho prost\u0159edku<\/strong> nebo <strong>zp\u016fsoben\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-ab44282e\"><picture>\n\t\t<source srcset=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7143-Schwerer-Raub-352x198.webp\" >\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-picture-small\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7143-Schwerer-Raub.webp\" alt=\"T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 loupe\u017e v Rakousku srozumiteln\u011b vysv\u011btlena. P\u0159edpoklady, trestn\u00ed sazby, d\u016fsledky a obhajoba podle \u00a7 143 StGB.\" >\n\t<\/picture>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eU t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 loupe\u017ee rozhoduje konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed situace. Kdo pou\u017eije zbra\u0148 nebo ob\u011b\u0165 t\u011b\u017ece zran\u00ed, pohybuje se v trestn\u00ed sazb\u011b, kter\u00e1 zpravidla neponech\u00e1v\u00e1 prostor pro bagatelizaci. \u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-objektiver-tatbestand\">Objektivn\u00ed skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>Objektivn\u00ed skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/strong> zahrnuje v\u00fdhradn\u011b <strong>navenek vn\u00edmateln\u00e9 d\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je pouze to, co by bylo zjistiteln\u00e9 <strong>neutr\u00e1ln\u00edm pozorov\u00e1n\u00edm<\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad kamerou: <strong>konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, pr\u016fb\u011bh, pou\u017eit\u00e9 prost\u0159edky a nastal\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky<\/strong>. <strong>Vnit\u0159n\u00ed procesy<\/strong> jako \u00famysl, motivy nebo z\u00e1m\u011bry se neberou v \u00favahu a nepat\u0159\u00ed do objektivn\u00ed skutkov\u00e9 podstaty. <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Objektivn\u00ed skutkov\u00e1 podstata t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 loupe\u017ee<\/strong> nejprve p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee jsou <strong>spln\u011bny v\u0161echny znaky z\u00e1kladn\u00edho deliktu podle \u00a7 142 StGB<\/strong>. Vy\u017eaduje se proto <strong>odn\u011bt\u00ed nebo vynucen\u00ed ciz\u00ed movit\u00e9 v\u011bci<\/strong> za <strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed proti osob\u011b<\/strong> nebo <strong>hrozby bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm pro \u017eivot nebo zdrav\u00ed<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, \u017ee pachatel v\u011bc <strong>pouze nez\u00edsk\u00e1<\/strong>, ale ji <strong>pod bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm osobn\u00edm n\u00e1tlakem<\/strong> z\u00edsk\u00e1 pro sebe nebo si ji nech\u00e1 obstarat.  <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Odebr\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> nastane, kdy\u017e pachatel zbav\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho <strong>faktick\u00e9 moci nad v\u011bc\u00ed<\/strong> a s\u00e1m nebo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm t\u0159et\u00ed osoby <strong>zalo\u017e\u00ed novou moc nad v\u011bc\u00ed<\/strong>. <strong>Vynucen\u00ed<\/strong> je d\u00e1no, pokud ob\u011b\u0165 v d\u016fsledku n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo hrozby <strong>sama provede \u00fakon<\/strong>, kter\u00fdm pachatel v\u011bc z\u00edsk\u00e1. V obou variant\u00e1ch je rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed, \u017ee se v\u011bc <strong>pod n\u00e1tlakem<\/strong> dostane do <strong>sf\u00e9ry vlivu pachatele<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Prost\u0159edek \u00fatoku<\/strong> mus\u00ed b\u00fdt <strong>nam\u00ed\u0159en proti osob\u011b<\/strong>. <strong>N\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong> mus\u00ed p\u016fsobit fyzicky nebo bezprost\u0159edn\u011b sm\u011b\u0159ovat k <strong>zlomen\u00ed odporu ob\u011bti<\/strong>. <strong>Hrozba<\/strong> se mus\u00ed vztahovat na <strong>bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pro \u017eivot nebo zdrav\u00ed<\/strong> a mus\u00ed b\u00fdt zp\u016fsobil\u00e1 vyvolat u ob\u011bti <strong>opodstatn\u011bn\u00fd strach<\/strong>. <strong>N\u00e1tlak<\/strong> mus\u00ed b\u00fdt <strong>funk\u010dn\u011b spojen s odn\u011bt\u00edm nebo vynucen\u00edm<\/strong> a mus\u00ed je <strong>umo\u017enit nebo zajistit<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Objektivn\u00ed skutkov\u00e1 podstata je spln\u011bna ji\u017e tehdy, pokud pachatel <strong>i jen kr\u00e1tkodob\u011b z\u00edsk\u00e1 faktickou moc nad v\u011bc\u00ed<\/strong>. <strong>Trval\u00e9 vlastnictv\u00ed<\/strong>, pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed nebo hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd u\u017eitek <strong>nejsou nutn\u00e9<\/strong>. <strong>T\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b protipr\u00e1vnosti<\/strong> spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v <strong>kombinaci z\u00e1sahu do majetku a bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed situace n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo ohro\u017een\u00ed<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-qualifizierende-umstande\">Kvalifikuj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti<\/h3>\n\n<p>Krom\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00ed skutkov\u00e9 podstaty vy\u017eaduje <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=143&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 143 StGB<\/a> <strong>dal\u0161\u00ed objektivn\u00ed kvalifika\u010dn\u00ed znaky<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 zna\u010dn\u011b zvy\u0161uj\u00ed protipr\u00e1vnost \u010dinu.<\/p>\n\n<p>Jeden <strong>t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 loupe\u017e podle \u00a7 143 odst. 1 StGB <\/strong> objektivn\u011b nastane, pokud<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>se pachatel dopust\u00ed loupe\u017ee s pou\u017eit\u00edm zbran\u011b<\/strong> nebo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>jedn\u00e1 jako \u010dlen zlo\u010dineck\u00e9ho spol\u010den\u00ed za \u00fa\u010dasti dal\u0161\u00edho \u010dlena<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p><strong>Pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u011b<\/strong> p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee je pou\u017eit p\u0159edm\u011bt, kter\u00fd je svou povahou <strong>zp\u016fsobil\u00fd zp\u016fsobit zna\u010dn\u00e1 zran\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong>, a \u017ee je tento p\u0159edm\u011bt <strong>v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dinu funk\u010dn\u011b pou\u017eit k n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo hrozb\u011b<\/strong>. <strong>Spolupr\u00e1ce v r\u00e1mci zlo\u010dineck\u00e9ho spol\u010den\u00ed<\/strong> vy\u017eaduje <strong>koordinovanou sou\u010dinnost n\u011bkolika \u010dlen\u016f<\/strong> v r\u00e1mci struktury vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 na del\u0161\u00ed dobu. <\/p>\n\n<p>Podle  <strong>\u00a7 143 odst. 2 StGB <\/strong> dal\u0161\u00ed objektivn\u00ed kvalifikace nastane, pokud <strong>vykonan\u00e9 n\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong> vede k <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm n\u00e1sledk\u016fm \u010dinu<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed jsou p\u0159itom <strong>skute\u010dn\u011b nastal\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky<\/strong>, nikoli pouze nebezpe\u010dnost postupu. <\/p>\n\n<p>Zahrnuty jsou zejm\u00e9na<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed s t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdmi trval\u00fdmi n\u00e1sledky<\/strong> nebo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>smrt \u010dlov\u011bka<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Tyto n\u00e1sledky mus\u00ed b\u00fdt <strong>kauz\u00e1ln\u011b zp\u016fsobeny n\u00e1sil\u00edm v r\u00e1mci loupe\u017ee<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-prufungsschritte\">Kroky ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tatsubjekt\">Subjekt \u010dinu:<\/h4>\n\n<p>Subjektem \u010dinu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt <strong>ka\u017ed\u00e1 trestn\u011b odpov\u011bdn\u00e1 osoba<\/strong>. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed osobn\u00ed vlastnosti nejsou nutn\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tatobjekt\">Objekt \u010dinu:<\/h4>\n\n<p>Objektem \u010dinu je <strong>ciz\u00ed movit\u00e1 v\u011bc s majetkovou hodnotou<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 <strong>nen\u00ed ve v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u00e9m vlastnictv\u00ed pachatele<\/strong> a kterou lze skute\u010dn\u011b <strong>odejmout nebo vynutit<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tathandlung\">Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed: <\/h4>\n\n<p>Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v <strong>odn\u011bt\u00ed nebo vynucen\u00ed<\/strong> v\u011bci <strong>za pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo kvalifikovan\u00e9 hrozby<\/strong>, dopln\u011bn\u00e9 o <strong>kvalifikuj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=143&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 143 StGB<\/a><\/strong>, jako je <strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u011b<\/strong>, <strong>spolupr\u00e1ce v r\u00e1mci zlo\u010dineck\u00e9ho spol\u010den\u00ed<\/strong> nebo <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky \u010dinu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-taterfolg\">N\u00e1sledek \u010dinu:<\/h4>\n\n<p>\u00dasp\u011bch \u010dinu spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v <strong>z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed faktick\u00e9 moci nad v\u011bc\u00ed<\/strong> pachatelem a <strong>ztr\u00e1t\u011b moci nad v\u011bc\u00ed u opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho<\/strong>. <strong>Kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 moc<\/strong> posta\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-kausalitat\">Kauzalita:<\/h4>\n\n<p>Odn\u011bt\u00ed nebo vynucen\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt <strong>kauz\u00e1ln\u011b zp\u016fsobeno n\u00e1sil\u00edm nebo hrozbou<\/strong>. Bez <strong>n\u00e1tlaku<\/strong> by k z\u00e1sahu do majetku <strong>nedo\u0161lo<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-objektive-zurechnung\">Objektivn\u00ed p\u0159i\u010ditatelnost: <\/h4>\n\n<p>\u00dasp\u011bch je objektivn\u011b p\u0159i\u010ditateln\u00fd, pokud se <strong>realizuje pr\u00e1v\u011b to riziko<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 skutkov\u00e1 podstata t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 loupe\u017ee zabr\u00e1nit, a to \u017ee <strong>ciz\u00ed majetek je odejmut bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm n\u00e1sil\u00edm, pou\u017eit\u00edm zbran\u011b nebo existen\u010dn\u00edm ohro\u017een\u00edm osoby<\/strong>.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eZda je hrozba pr\u00e1vn\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1na za bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pro \u017eivot nebo zdrav\u00ed, nez\u00e1vis\u00ed na velk\u00fdch slovech, ale na tom, zda se ob\u011b\u0165 objektivn\u011b pochopiteln\u011b musela v\u00e1\u017en\u011b ob\u00e1vat o svou t\u011blesnou integritu.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si po\u017eadovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-abgrenzung-zu-anderen-delikten\">Rozli\u0161en\u00ed od jin\u00fdch delikt\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>Skutkov\u00e1 podstata loupe\u017ee<\/strong> zahrnuje p\u0159\u00edpady, ve kter\u00fdch je <strong>ciz\u00ed movit\u00e1 v\u011bc<\/strong> za <strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed proti osob\u011b<\/strong> nebo <strong>hrozby bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm pro \u017eivot nebo zdrav\u00ed<\/strong> <strong>odejmuta nebo vynucena<\/strong>. <strong>T\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b protipr\u00e1vnosti<\/strong> spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve <strong>funk\u010dn\u00edm propojen\u00ed majetkov\u00e9ho deliktu s bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm osobn\u00edm n\u00e1tlakem<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed nen\u00ed pouze odn\u011bt\u00ed majetku, ale <strong>konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed ohro\u017een\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9 integrity<\/strong> ob\u011bti <strong>v okam\u017eiku odn\u011bt\u00ed nebo vynucen\u00ed<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00a7 131 StGB \u2013 Loupe\u017en\u00e1 kr\u00e1de\u017e<\/strong>: Rozli\u0161en\u00ed se prov\u00e1d\u00ed podle <strong>okam\u017eiku pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong>. P\u0159i <strong>loupe\u017ei<\/strong> pou\u017eije pachatel <strong>n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo kvalifikovanou hrozbu ji\u017e k z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bci<\/strong>. P\u0159i <strong>loupe\u017en\u00e9 kr\u00e1de\u017ei<\/strong> se pachatel <strong>nejprve dopust\u00ed kr\u00e1de\u017ee bez n\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong> a pou\u017eije <strong>a\u017e po dokon\u010den\u00e9m odn\u011bt\u00ed<\/strong> n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo hroz\u00ed <strong>bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm pro \u017eivot nebo zdrav\u00ed<\/strong>, aby <strong>z\u00edskal, zajistil ko\u0159ist nebo umo\u017enil \u00fat\u011bk<\/strong>.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00a7 144 StGB \u2013 Vyd\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed: <\/strong><strong>Vyd\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> se od loupe\u017ee li\u0161\u00ed <strong>c\u00edlem \u00fatoku<\/strong>. Zat\u00edmco p\u0159i <strong>loupe\u017ei<\/strong> je <strong>ciz\u00ed movit\u00e1 v\u011bc z\u00edsk\u00e1na bezprost\u0159edn\u011b pod n\u00e1tlakem<\/strong>, vyd\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed se zam\u011b\u0159uje na <strong>jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, strpen\u00ed nebo opomenut\u00ed<\/strong> ob\u011bti, kter\u00fdm <strong>je teprve zp\u016fsobena majetkov\u00e1 \u00fajma<\/strong>. \u0160koda vznik\u00e1 <strong>nep\u0159\u00edmo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm chov\u00e1n\u00ed donucovan\u00e9ho<\/strong>, nikoli bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm z\u00e1sahem pachatele do v\u011bci.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-konkurrenzen\">Konkurence:<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-echte-konkurrenz\">Skute\u010dn\u00e1 konkurence: <\/h4>\n\n<p>Skute\u010dn\u00e1 konkurence nastane, pokud se k <strong>t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 loupe\u017ei<\/strong> p\u0159idaj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed samostatn\u00e9 delikty, nap\u0159\u00edklad <strong>po\u0161kozen\u00ed ciz\u00ed v\u011bci<\/strong>, <strong>ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed domovn\u00ed svobody<\/strong> nebo <strong>nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>. T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 loupe\u017e si zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u016fj samostatn\u00fd obsah protipr\u00e1vnosti, proto\u017ee jsou poru\u0161ena r\u016fzn\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed statky. Delikty stoj\u00ed vedle sebe, pokud nedojde k vytla\u010den\u00ed.  <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-unechte-konkurrenz\">Neskute\u010dn\u00e1 konkurence:<\/h4>\n\n<p>Vytla\u010den\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b <strong>speciality<\/strong> p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v \u00favahu, pokud jin\u00e1 skutkov\u00e1 podstata zcela zahrnuje ve\u0161ker\u00fd obsah protipr\u00e1vnosti t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 loupe\u017ee. To plat\u00ed zejm\u00e9na v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd potenci\u00e1l n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky \u010dinu zakl\u00e1daj\u00ed <strong>kvalitativn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161enou formu projevu<\/strong>. V t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech z\u00e1kladn\u00ed skutkov\u00e1 podstata ustupuje.  <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tatmehrheit\">Mnoho\u010dinnost: <\/h4>\n\n<p>V\u00edce\u010dinn\u00fd soub\u011bh je d\u00e1n, pokud je sp\u00e1ch\u00e1no n\u011bkolik <strong>loupe\u017en\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> samostatn\u011b, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i \u010dasov\u011b odd\u011blen\u00fdch \u00fatoc\u00edch nebo p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch objektech \u00fatoku. Ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010din tvo\u0159\u00ed samostatnou trestn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00ed jednotku, pokud neexistuje p\u0159irozen\u00e1 jednota jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-fortgesetzte-handlung\">Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed: <\/h4>\n\n<p>Jednotn\u00fd \u010din lze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, pokud n\u011bkolik <strong>n\u00e1tlakov\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed a odn\u011bt\u00ed majetku<\/strong> bezprost\u0159edn\u011b souvis\u00ed a jsou neseny <strong>jednotn\u00fdm \u00famyslem<\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i n\u011bkolika z\u00e1saz\u00edch v r\u00e1mci t\u00e9ho\u017e pl\u00e1nu \u010dinu. \u010cin kon\u010d\u00ed, jakmile nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k dal\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1tlakov\u00fdm jedn\u00e1n\u00edm nebo pachatel opust\u00ed sv\u016fj \u00famysl. <\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eRozli\u0161en\u00ed mezi loupe\u017e\u00ed a loupe\u017enou kr\u00e1de\u017e\u00ed nen\u00ed detail. Okam\u017eik pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed \u010dasto rozhoduje o zcela jin\u00e9m pr\u00e1vn\u00edm posouzen\u00ed, a t\u00edm i o letech hrozby trestu. \u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-beweislast-amp-beweiswurdigung\">D\u016fkazn\u00ed b\u0159emeno a hodnocen\u00ed d\u016fkaz\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-staatsanwaltschaft\">St\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed: <\/h3>\n\n<p>St\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed mus\u00ed prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee se obvin\u011bn\u00fd <strong>dopustil loupe\u017ee a nav\u00edc jsou spln\u011bny kvalifikuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159edpoklady <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=143&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 143 StGB<\/a><\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je nejprve prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu byla <strong>ciz\u00ed movit\u00e1 v\u011bc<\/strong> za <strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed proti osob\u011b<\/strong> nebo <strong>hrozby bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm pro \u017eivot nebo zdrav\u00ed<\/strong> <strong>odejmuta nebo vynucena<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed nen\u00ed pouze odn\u011bt\u00ed majetku, ale zejm\u00e9na <strong>bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed n\u00e1tlak na osobu<\/strong> v souvislosti se z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00edm v\u011bci.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Krom\u011b toho je t\u0159eba prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee <strong>byly napln\u011bny kvalifikuj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 loupe\u017ee<\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad <strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u011b<\/strong>, <strong>spolupr\u00e1ce n\u011bkolika pachatel\u016f v r\u00e1mci zlo\u010dineck\u00e9ho spol\u010den\u00ed<\/strong> nebo <strong>nastoupen\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch n\u00e1sledk\u016f \u010dinu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Je t\u0159eba prok\u00e1zat zejm\u00e9na, \u017ee<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>odn\u011bt\u00ed nebo vynucen\u00ed bylo skute\u010dn\u011b provedeno,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>v\u011bc byla ciz\u00ed, tedy nebyla v\u00fdhradn\u011b ve vlastnictv\u00ed obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>bylo pou\u017eito n\u00e1sil\u00ed proti osob\u011b nebo kvalifikovan\u00e1 hrozba,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n\u00e1tlak byl funk\u010dn\u011b spojen se z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00edm v\u011bci,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd v d\u016fsledku toho ztratil faktickou kontrolu nad v\u011bc\u00ed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>obvin\u011bn\u00fd s\u00e1m nebo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm t\u0159et\u00ed osoby zalo\u017eil nov\u00fd dr\u017een\u00ed, i kdy\u017e to bylo jen kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>z\u00e1sah do majetku je kauz\u00e1ln\u011b zp\u016fsoben n\u00e1sil\u00edm nebo hrozbou,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nav\u00edc existuje <strong>kvalifika\u010dn\u00ed znak <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=143&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 143 StGB<\/a><\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad <strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u011b<\/strong>, <strong>organizovan\u00e9 sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dinu<\/strong> nebo <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky zran\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>St\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed mus\u00ed nav\u00edc uv\u00e9st, zda je \u00fadajn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed, hrozba, odn\u011bt\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd <strong>kvalifika\u010dn\u00ed znak<\/strong> objektivn\u011b zjistiteln\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-gericht\">Soud: <\/h3>\n\n<p>Soud p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1 ve\u0161ker\u00e9 d\u016fkazy v <strong>celkov\u00e9m kontextu<\/strong> a posoud\u00ed, zda podle objektivn\u00edch m\u011b\u0159\u00edtek <strong>existuje loupe\u017e s kvalifikuj\u00edc\u00edmi okolnostmi <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&amp;Gesetzesnummer=10002296&amp;Artikel=&amp;Paragraf=143&amp;Anlage=&amp;Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 143 StGB<\/a><\/strong>. V centru pozornosti stoj\u00ed ot\u00e1zka, zda bylo <strong>pou\u017eito n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo hrozba nam\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 proti osob\u011b<\/strong>, zda to bylo <strong>kauz\u00e1ln\u00ed a funk\u010dn\u00ed pro odn\u011bt\u00ed majetku<\/strong> a zda obvin\u011bn\u00fd t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem z\u00edskal <strong>faktickou moc nad v\u011bc\u00ed<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p>Soud nav\u00edc p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1, zda byly <strong>p\u0159it\u011b\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti<\/strong> t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 loupe\u017ee skute\u010dn\u011b napln\u011bny a jsou obvin\u011bn\u00e9mu <strong>objektivn\u011b p\u0159i\u010ditateln\u00e9<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Soud p\u0159itom zohled\u0148uje zejm\u00e9na<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>druh, intenzitu a pr\u016fb\u011bh pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo hrozby,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010dasovou souvislost mezi n\u00e1tlakem a odn\u011bt\u00edm majetku,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dr\u017eebn\u00ed pom\u011bry p\u0159ed apo ud\u00e1losti,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>druh a zp\u016fsob pou\u017eit\u00ed \u00fadajn\u00e9 zbran\u011b nebo nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho prost\u0159edku,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00fa\u010dast dal\u0161\u00edch pachatel\u016f a jejich sou\u010dinnost,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>druh a z\u00e1va\u017enost nastal\u00fdch zran\u011bn\u00ed nebo n\u00e1sledk\u016f \u010dinu,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>v\u00fdpov\u011bdi sv\u011bdk\u016f kpr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dinu ak\u00fa\u010dasti obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>videoz\u00e1znamy, l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 dokumentace nebo jin\u00e9 objektivn\u00ed d\u016fkazy,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>okolnosti, kter\u00e9 nasv\u011bd\u010duj\u00ed bezprost\u0159edn\u00edmu nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pro \u017eivot nebo zdrav\u00ed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zda by rozumn\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk vych\u00e1zel z <strong>vyd\u00e1n\u00ed nebo odn\u011bt\u00ed vyvolan\u00e9ho n\u00e1tlakem za zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9ho ohro\u017een\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Soud jasn\u011b rozli\u0161uje <strong>pouh\u00e9 zastra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed bez n\u00e1tlakov\u00e9 kvality<\/strong>, <strong>\u010dist\u011b verb\u00e1ln\u00ed konflikty<\/strong>, <strong>jednoduch\u00e9 formy loupe\u017ee bez kvalifikace<\/strong> a situace, ve kter\u00fdch <strong>zt\u011b\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159edpoklady <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=BundesnormenGesetzesnummer=10002296Artikel=Paragraf=143Anlage=Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 143 StGB<\/a><\/strong> nejsou prokazateln\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-beschuldigte-person\">Obvin\u011bn\u00e1 osoba: <\/h3>\n\n<p>Obvin\u011bn\u00e1 osoba nenese <strong>\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 d\u016fkazn\u00ed b\u0159emeno<\/strong>. M\u016f\u017ee v\u0161ak pouk\u00e1zat na od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00e9 pochybnosti, zejm\u00e9na ohledn\u011b <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>zda bylo skute\u010dn\u011b pou\u017eito n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo kvalifikovan\u00e1 hrozba,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zda n\u00e1tlak p\u0159edstavoval bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pro \u017eivot nebo zdrav\u00ed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zda existovala kauz\u00e1ln\u00ed souvislost mezi n\u00e1tlakem a odn\u011bt\u00edm majetku,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zda byla v\u011bc p\u0159ed\u00e1na dobrovoln\u011b,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zda existovala pouze hrozba bez dostate\u010dn\u00e9 intenzity,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zda byla faktick\u00e1 moc nad v\u011bc\u00ed v\u016fbec zalo\u017eena,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zda \u00fadajn\u00fd <strong>kvalifika\u010dn\u00ed znak<\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u011b nebo t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 zran\u011bn\u00ed, skute\u010dn\u011b existuje nebo je p\u0159i\u010ditateln\u00fd,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rozpory nebo mezery vpopisu pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dinu,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>alternativn\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bhy ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by mohly vysv\u011btlit ztr\u00e1tu majetku jinak.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>M\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 uv\u00e9st, \u017ee jedn\u00e1n\u00ed byla <strong>myln\u00e1<\/strong>, <strong>podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 situac\u00ed<\/strong> nebo <strong>bez kvalifikovan\u00e9ho n\u00e1tlakov\u00e9ho charakteru<\/strong>, nebo \u017ee <strong>nejsou spln\u011bny p\u0159edpoklady t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 loupe\u017ee<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-typische-bewertung\">Typick\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed<\/h4>\n\n<p>V praxi maj\u00ed u <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=BundesnormenGesetzesnummer=10002296Artikel=Paragraf=143Anlage=Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 143 StGB<\/a><\/strong> v\u00fdznam zejm\u00e9na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed d\u016fkazy:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>v\u00fdpov\u011bdi sv\u011bdk\u016f k pr\u016fb\u011bhu situace n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo hrozby,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>videoz\u00e1znamy nebo fotografie z ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch nebo soukrom\u00fdch prostor,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 n\u00e1lezy, dokumentace zran\u011bn\u00ed a trval\u00fdch n\u00e1sledk\u016f,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed zbran\u00ed nebo nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>stopy na m\u00edst\u011b \u010dinu a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>komunika\u010dn\u00ed d\u016fkazy p\u0159ed nebo po \u010dinu,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010dasov\u00e9 pr\u016fb\u011bhy, kter\u00e9 dokazuj\u00ed souvislost mezi n\u00e1tlakem, odn\u011bt\u00edm majetku a kvalifikuj\u00edc\u00edmi n\u00e1sledky.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-peter-harlander\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/ph100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Peter Harlander<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eV \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se nepo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 dojem, ale dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed. Bez \u010dist\u00fdch zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed o n\u00e1sil\u00ed, odn\u011bt\u00ed a kvalifika\u010dn\u00edch znac\u00edch t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 loupe\u017e pr\u00e1vn\u011b neobstoj\u00ed. \u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si po\u017eadovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-praxisbeispiele\">P\u0159\u00edklady z praxe<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Odn\u011bt\u00ed pen\u011b\u017eenky za pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u011b:<\/strong> Pachatel se postav\u00ed osob\u011b v noci v podzemn\u00ed gar\u00e1\u017ei do cesty, vyt\u00e1hne n\u016f\u017e a dr\u017e\u00ed ho viditeln\u011b sm\u011brem k horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti t\u011bla ob\u011bti. Vyzve k okam\u017eit\u00e9mu vyd\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011b\u017eenky a ozn\u00e1m\u00ed, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b odporu bodne. Ze strachu z t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho zran\u011bn\u00ed ob\u011b\u0165 p\u0159ed\u00e1 pen\u011b\u017eenku s hotovost\u00ed a pr\u016fkazy toto\u017enosti. Pachatel t\u00edm z\u00edsk\u00e1 novou faktickou moc nad ciz\u00ed movitou v\u011bc\u00ed. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, \u017ee k odn\u011bt\u00ed nedojde pouze pod hrozbou bezprost\u0159edn\u00edho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pro \u017eivot nebo zdrav\u00ed, ale nav\u00edc za pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u011b. T\u00edm je spln\u011bna nejen skutkov\u00e1 podstata loupe\u017ee, ale i kvalifikace t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 loupe\u017ee.     <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Odebr\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bci za pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed s v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdmi n\u00e1sledky na zdrav\u00ed:<\/strong> Pachatel v r\u00e1mci p\u0159epaden\u00ed opakovan\u011b ude\u0159\u00ed ob\u011b\u0165 p\u011bst\u00ed do obli\u010deje, tak\u017ee ta upadne na zem a utrp\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 zran\u011bn\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco ob\u011b\u0165 om\u00e1men\u011b le\u017e\u00ed na zemi, pachatel se zmocn\u00ed jej\u00ed ta\u0161ky a uprchne. Odn\u011bt\u00ed majetku je v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 souvislosti s d\u0159\u00edve pou\u017eit\u00fdm n\u00e1sil\u00edm. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, \u017ee pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed neslou\u017e\u00ed pouze k odebr\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bci, ale vede k t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9mu ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed. T\u00edm je d\u00e1n zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 kvalifikovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad loupe\u017ee.    <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Tyto p\u0159\u00edklady ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee <strong>u loupe\u017ee se krom\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00ed skutkov\u00e9 podstaty p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed okolnosti<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 <strong>v\u00fdrazn\u011b zvy\u0161uj\u00ed potenci\u00e1l n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo ohro\u017een\u00ed<\/strong> nebo vedou k <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm n\u00e1sledk\u016fm \u010dinu<\/strong>. <strong>T\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b protipr\u00e1vnosti<\/strong> nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 <strong>pouze v odn\u011bt\u00ed majetku<\/strong>, ale ve <strong>zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b intenzivn\u00edm ohro\u017een\u00ed zdrav\u00ed nebo \u017eivota ob\u011bti<\/strong> nebo v <strong>t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch n\u00e1sledc\u00edch pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-subjektiver-tatbestand\">Subjektivn\u00ed skutkov\u00e1 podstata<\/h2>\n\n<p>Subjektivn\u00ed str\u00e1nka <strong>loupe\u017ee<\/strong> vy\u017eaduje <strong>\u00famysl ohledn\u011b v\u0161ech objektivn\u00edch znak\u016f skutkov\u00e9 podstaty loupe\u017ee<\/strong>. Pachatel mus\u00ed v\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee <strong>za pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed proti osob\u011b nebo vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm pro \u017eivot nebo zdrav\u00ed<\/strong> <strong>ciz\u00ed movitou v\u011bc<\/strong> <strong>odejme nebo vynut\u00ed<\/strong> a opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu <strong>odejme faktickou moc nad v\u011bc\u00ed<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p>Pro \u00famysl posta\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee pachatel <strong>n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo kvalifikovan\u00e9 vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> a <strong>odejmut\u00ed nebo vynucen\u00ed<\/strong> <strong>pova\u017euje za v\u00e1\u017en\u011b mo\u017en\u00e9 a sm\u00ed\u0159\u00ed se s t\u00edm<\/strong>. <strong>Eventu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00famysl posta\u010d\u00ed<\/strong>. \u00damysl se mus\u00ed vztahovat i na to, \u017ee <strong>n\u00e1tlakov\u00e9 p\u016fsoben\u00ed je funk\u010dn\u011b spojen\u00e9 s odn\u011bt\u00edm majetku<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p>Loupe\u017e nav\u00edc vy\u017eaduje <strong>\u00famysl obohatit se<\/strong>. Pachatel mus\u00ed alespo\u0148 sm\u00ed\u0159liv\u011b br\u00e1t v \u00favahu, \u017ee si nebo t\u0159et\u00ed osob\u011b <strong>p\u0159ivlastn\u011bn\u00edm v\u011bci<\/strong> opat\u0159\u00ed <strong>protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed majetkov\u00fd prosp\u011bch<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p>U <strong>\u00a7 143 odst. 1 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku <\/strong> se mus\u00ed \u00famysl vztahovat i na <strong>kvalifikuj\u00edc\u00ed znak skutkov\u00e9 podstaty<\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad na <strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u011b<\/strong> nebo <strong>spolu\u00fa\u010dast v r\u00e1mci zlo\u010dinn\u00e9ho spol\u010den\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>U <strong>t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch n\u00e1sledk\u016f \u010dinu podle \u00a7 143 odst. 2 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku <\/strong> se <strong>nevy\u017eaduje \u00famysl ohledn\u011b n\u00e1sledku zran\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong>. Posta\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee se pachatel <strong>dopust\u00ed loupe\u017ee \u00famysln\u011b<\/strong> a t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd n\u00e1sledek mu lze <strong>z nedbalosti p\u0159i\u010d\u00edst k t\u00ed\u017ei<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p>Subjektivn\u00ed skutkov\u00e1 podstata nen\u00ed d\u00e1na, pokud pachatel <strong>v\u00e1\u017en\u011b vych\u00e1z\u00ed z opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong>, vych\u00e1z\u00ed z <strong>dobrovoln\u00e9ho vyd\u00e1n\u00ed bez n\u00e1tlaku<\/strong> nebo <strong>nem\u00e1 \u00famysl ohledn\u011b kvalifikuj\u00edc\u00edch okolnost\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si po\u017eadovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-schuld-amp-irrtumer\">Vina a omyly<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/trestni-pravo\/pravni-omyl\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Omyly o z\u00e1kazu<\/a>:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p>Omyly o z\u00e1kazu jsou omluviteln\u00e9 pouze tehdy, pokud byly <strong>nevyhnuteln\u00e9<\/strong>. Kdo se chov\u00e1 zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd <strong>zjevn\u011b zasahuje do pr\u00e1v jin\u00fdch<\/strong>, nem\u016f\u017ee se dovol\u00e1vat toho, \u017ee neznal protipr\u00e1vnost. Ka\u017ed\u00fd je povinen se informovat o <strong>pr\u00e1vn\u00edch hranic\u00edch<\/strong> sv\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Pouh\u00e1 nev\u011bdomost nebo lehkomysln\u00fd omyl nezbavuje odpov\u011bdnosti.   <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Princip viny:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p>Trestn\u00fd je pouze ten, kdo jedn\u00e1 <strong>zavin\u011bn\u011b<\/strong>. \u00damysln\u00e9 trestn\u00e9 \u010diny vy\u017eaduj\u00ed, aby pachatel znal podstatn\u00e9 d\u011bn\u00ed a alespo\u0148 <strong>s n\u00edm sm\u00ed\u0159en\u011b souhlasil<\/strong>. Pokud tento \u00famysl chyb\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad proto, \u017ee se pachatel myln\u011b domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee jeho chov\u00e1n\u00ed je dovoleno nebo je <strong>dobrovoln\u011b podporov\u00e1no<\/strong>, jedn\u00e1 se nanejv\u00fd\u0161 o nedbalost. Ta u \u00famysln\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f nesta\u010d\u00ed.   <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Nep\u0159\u00ed\u010detnost:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 vina nepostihuje toho, kdo v dob\u011b \u010dinu nebyl schopen v d\u016fsledku <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 du\u0161evn\u00ed poruchy<\/strong>, <strong>chorobn\u00e9 du\u0161evn\u00ed poruchy<\/strong> nebo <strong>v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 neschopnosti ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> rozpoznat protipr\u00e1vnost sv\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed nebo jednat podle tohoto pozn\u00e1n\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edch pochybnost\u00ed bude vy\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1n <strong>psychiatrick\u00fd posudek<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/trestni-pravo\/omluvitelna-nouze\/\">Omluviteln\u00e1 krajn\u00ed nouze<\/a>:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p>Omluviteln\u00e1 krajn\u00ed nouze m\u016f\u017ee nastat, pokud pachatel jedn\u00e1 v <strong>extr\u00e9mn\u00ed t\u00edsni<\/strong>, aby odvr\u00e1til <strong>akutn\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/strong> pro vlastn\u00ed \u017eivot nebo \u017eivot jin\u00fdch. Chov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee v\u0161ak p\u016fsobit <strong>sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed viny<\/strong> nebo omluviteln\u011b, pokud neexistovala jin\u00e1 mo\u017enost. <\/p>\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/trestni-pravo\/mylna-domnenka-o-existenci-okolnosti-vylucujici-protipravnost\/\">Domn\u011bl\u00e1 nutn\u00e1 obrana<\/a>:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p>Kdo se myln\u011b domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee je opr\u00e1vn\u011bn k obrann\u00e9mu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, jedn\u00e1 bez \u00famyslu, pokud byl omyl <strong>v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd a pochopiteln\u00fd<\/strong>. Takov\u00fd omyl m\u016f\u017ee <strong>sn\u00ed\u017eit nebo vylou\u010dit vinu<\/strong>. Pokud v\u0161ak z\u016fstane poru\u0161en\u00ed povinnosti p\u00e9\u010de, p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v \u00favahu nedbalostn\u00ed nebo trest zm\u00edr\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed, nikoli v\u0161ak ospravedln\u011bn\u00ed.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafaufhebung-amp-diversion\">Upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od potrest\u00e1n\u00ed a odklon<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-diversion\">Odklon:<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>Odklon v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b loupe\u017ee podle <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=BundesnormenGesetzesnummer=10002296Artikel=Paragraf=143Anlage=Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 143 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a> je vylou\u010den<\/strong>. Skutkov\u00e1 podstata p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 <strong>kvalifikovan\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u011b<\/strong>, <strong>organizovan\u00e9 sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dinu<\/strong> nebo <strong>t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky \u010dinu<\/strong>, a vykazuje tak <strong>zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b vysokou m\u00edru osobn\u00ed protipr\u00e1vnosti<\/strong>. <strong>Zna\u010dn\u00fd potenci\u00e1l n\u00e1sil\u00ed a ohro\u017een\u00ed<\/strong> neumo\u017e\u0148uje odklonn\u00e9 vy\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed <strong>.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n\n<p>Zat\u00edmco u <strong>loupe\u017ee podle \u00a7 142 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/strong> lze odklon <strong>teoreticky zkoumat pouze v \u00fazce vymezen\u00fdch v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech<\/strong>, u <strong>loupe\u017ee<\/strong> je vylou\u010den z d\u016fvodu <strong>z\u00e1konn\u00e9 kvalifikace<\/strong> a <strong>zna\u010dn\u00e9 hrozby minim\u00e1ln\u00edho trestu<\/strong>. Ji\u017e <strong>napln\u011bn\u00ed znaku kvalifikace podle <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=BundesnormenGesetzesnummer=10002296Artikel=Paragraf=143Anlage=Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 143 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a><\/strong> vede k tomu, \u017ee <strong>ani vina, ani n\u00e1sledky \u010dinu nelze klasifikovat jako n\u00edzk\u00e9<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p>Odklon proto <strong>nep\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v \u00favahu<\/strong>, pokud<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>byla pou\u017eita zbra\u0148<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>byl \u010din sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n jako \u010dlen zlo\u010dinn\u00e9ho spol\u010den\u00ed<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>v d\u016fsledku pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed do\u0161lo k t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9mu ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm trval\u00fdm n\u00e1sledk\u016fm<\/strong> nebo <strong>smrti \u010dlov\u011bka<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d\u011bj \u010dinu vykazuje <strong>zna\u010dn\u00fd potenci\u00e1l ohro\u017een\u00ed \u017eivota nebo zdrav\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>V t\u011bchto konstelac\u00edch je <strong>odklonn\u00e9 vy\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u011b vylou\u010deno<\/strong>. Opat\u0159en\u00ed jako <strong>pen\u011b\u017eit\u00e9 pln\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce<\/strong>, <strong>dohled proba\u010dn\u00edho \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edka<\/strong> nebo <strong>narovn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> jsou <strong>nep\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9<\/strong>. <strong>Nutn\u011b dojde k form\u00e1ln\u00edmu trestn\u00edmu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s odsuzuj\u00edc\u00edm rozsudkem<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ausschluss-der-diversion\">Vylou\u010den\u00ed odklonu:<\/h3>\n\n<p>U <strong>loupe\u017ee podle <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=BundesnormenGesetzesnummer=10002296Artikel=Paragraf=143Anlage=Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 143 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a><\/strong> je <strong>vylou\u010den\u00ed odklonu ze z\u00e1kona<\/strong>. <strong>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 m\u00edra n\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed nebezpe\u010dnost prost\u0159edku \u010dinu<\/strong> nebo <strong>t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky \u010dinu<\/strong> vylu\u010duj\u00ed klasifikaci jako <strong>m\u00e9n\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd nebo pro odklon vhodn\u00fd delikt<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p>I v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b <strong>rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho dozn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody<\/strong> nebo <strong>vhledu pachatele<\/strong> <strong>nen\u00ed prostor pro odklon<\/strong>. \u010cin je v\u017edy t\u0159eba hodnotit jako <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00ed osobn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti ob\u011bti<\/strong>. <\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eOdklon nen\u00ed automatismus. Pl\u00e1novit\u00fd postup, opakov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo znateln\u00e1 majetkov\u00e1 \u0161koda vylu\u010duj\u00ed odklonn\u00e9 vy\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v praxi \u010dasto. \u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si po\u017eadovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafzumessung-amp-folgen\">Vym\u011b\u0159en\u00ed trestu a n\u00e1sledky<\/h2>\n\n<p>Soud stanov\u00ed trest u <strong>loupe\u017ee<\/strong> podle <strong>rozsahu z\u00e1sahu do majetku<\/strong>, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u0161ak podle <strong>druhu, intenzity a nebezpe\u010dnosti pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong> a podle <strong>konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch n\u00e1sledk\u016f \u010dinu<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, <strong>jak siln\u011b byl ohro\u017een nebo zran\u011bn \u017eivot nebo zdrav\u00ed ob\u011bti<\/strong>, zda <strong>byly pou\u017eity zbran\u011b<\/strong>, <strong>se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo v\u00edce pachatel\u016f<\/strong> nebo <strong>do\u0161lo k t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm zran\u011bn\u00edm<\/strong>. <strong>Majetkov\u00fd aspekt ustupuje v\u00fdrazn\u011b do pozad\u00ed p\u0159ed n\u00e1silnou slo\u017ekou<\/strong>, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u0161ak relevantn\u00ed pro celkov\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 je, zda pachatel postupoval <strong>c\u00edlen\u011b, pl\u00e1novit\u011b nebo organizovan\u011b<\/strong>, zda byl \u010din <strong>spont\u00e1nn\u00ed nebo p\u0159ipraven\u00fd<\/strong> a jak\u00fd <strong>potenci\u00e1l ohro\u017een\u00ed<\/strong> pro ob\u011b\u0165 existoval. U \u00a7 143 odst. 2 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku jsou <strong>vznikl\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky zran\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong> \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm faktorem pro stanoven\u00ed trestu.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-erschwerungsgrunde-bestehen-insbesondere-wenn\">P\u0159it\u011b\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti existuj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na tehdy, pokud<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>byla pou\u017eita zbra\u0148<\/strong> nebo bylo pou\u017eito zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1sil\u00ed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>spolupracovalo v\u011bdom\u011b v\u00edce pachatel\u016f<\/strong>, zejm\u00e9na v r\u00e1mci <strong>zlo\u010dinn\u00e9ho spol\u010den\u00ed<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>byla ob\u011b\u0165 <strong>t\u011b\u017ece zran\u011bna<\/strong>, <strong>trvale po\u0161kozena<\/strong> nebo <strong>usmrcena<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>byla d\u00e1na <strong>vysok\u00e1 m\u00edra brutality nebo bezohlednosti<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pachatel jednal <strong>c\u00edlen\u011b nebo pl\u00e1novit\u011b<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>byla ob\u011b\u0165 zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 bezbrann\u00e1 nebo vydan\u00e1 napospas,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>existuj\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed <strong>p\u0159edchoz\u00ed odsouzen\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-milderungsgrunde-sind-etwa\">Poleh\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>bez\u00fahonnost<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>v\u010dasn\u00e9, rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 dozn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>z\u0159eteln\u00e1 <strong>l\u00edtost a vhled<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>aktivn\u00ed n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody<\/strong>, pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dast na \u010dinu<\/strong> v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b spolupachatelstv\u00ed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouh\u00e1 doba trv\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Vzhledem k <strong>vysok\u00e9 z\u00e1konn\u00e9 hrozb\u011b trestu<\/strong> je prostor pro zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed omezen\u00fd. <strong>Podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od v\u00fdkonu trestu<\/strong> p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v \u00favahu pouze tehdy, pokud to ulo\u017een\u00fd trestn\u00ed r\u00e1mec umo\u017e\u0148uje a existuje <strong>pozitivn\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed progn\u00f3za<\/strong>. U kvalifikac\u00ed \u00a7 143 odst. 2 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku je podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od v\u00fdkonu trestu <strong>pravideln\u011b vylou\u010deno<\/strong>.   <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafrahmen\">Trestn\u00ed sazba<\/h2>\n\n<p>U <strong>loupe\u017ee<\/strong> z\u00e1kon stanov\u00ed <strong>jasn\u011b odstup\u0148ovan\u00e9 tresty odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed <strong>druhem kvalifikace<\/strong> a <strong>n\u00e1sledky pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Je-li loupe\u017e sp\u00e1ch\u00e1na <strong>za zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed<\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad proto, \u017ee <strong>je pou\u017eita zbra\u0148<\/strong> nebo <strong>spolupracuje organizovan\u011b v\u00edce pachatel\u016f<\/strong>, \u010din\u00ed trestn\u00ed r\u00e1mec <strong>nejm\u00e9n\u011b jeden rok a nejv\u00fd\u0161e patn\u00e1ct let odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody<\/strong>. Ji\u017e tyto formy sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed se pova\u017euj\u00ed za tak nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9, \u017ee je m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed potrest\u00e1n\u00ed vylou\u010deno. <\/p>\n\n<p>Vede-li pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed k <strong>t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm t\u011blesn\u00fdm zran\u011bn\u00edm<\/strong>, zvy\u0161uje se trestn\u00ed r\u00e1mec v\u00fdrazn\u011b. V t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech hroz\u00ed <strong>trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody v trv\u00e1n\u00ed nejm\u00e9n\u011b p\u011bti let a\u017e patn\u00e1cti let<\/strong>. Z\u00e1konod\u00e1rce zde vych\u00e1z\u00ed z toho, \u017ee \u00fatok na t\u011blesnou integritu je zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Dojde-li v d\u016fsledku \u010dinu k <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm trval\u00fdm n\u00e1sledk\u016fm<\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad trval\u00fdm zdravotn\u00edm \u0161kod\u00e1m, \u010din\u00ed trestn\u00ed r\u00e1mec <strong>deset a\u017e dvacet let odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody<\/strong>. \u010cin je v t\u011bchto konstelac\u00edch hodnocen jako zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1siln\u00fd trestn\u00fd \u010din. <\/p>\n\n<p>M\u00e1-li pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed <strong>za n\u00e1sledek smrt \u010dlov\u011bka<\/strong>, sah\u00e1 hrozba trestu od <strong>deseti do dvaceti let odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody<\/strong> nebo dokonce a\u017e k <strong>do\u017eivotn\u00edmu trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody<\/strong>. V t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech nestoj\u00ed v centru pozornosti majetkov\u00e1 \u0161koda, ale <strong>smrteln\u00fd \u00fatok na \u017eivot a zdrav\u00ed<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-geldstrafe-tagessatzsystem\">Pen\u011b\u017eit\u00fd trest \u2013 syst\u00e9m denn\u00edch sazeb<\/h2>\n\n<p>Rakousk\u00e9 trestn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 pen\u011b\u017eit\u00e9 tresty podle <strong>syst\u00e9mu denn\u00edch sazeb<\/strong>. <strong>Po\u010det denn\u00edch sazeb<\/strong> se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed <strong>vinou<\/strong>, <strong>\u010d\u00e1stka za den<\/strong> se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed <strong>finan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdkonnost\u00ed<\/strong>. T\u00edm se trest p\u0159izp\u016fsob\u00ed osobn\u00edm pom\u011br\u016fm a p\u0159esto z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 citeln\u00fd.  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Rozp\u011bt\u00ed:<\/strong> a\u017e <strong>720 denn\u00edch sazeb<\/strong> \u2013 minim\u00e1ln\u011b <strong>4\u00a0\u20ac<\/strong>, maxim\u00e1ln\u011b <strong>5\u00a0000\u00a0\u20ac<\/strong> za den.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Praktick\u00fd vzorec:<\/strong> P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b <strong>6 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody odpov\u00edd\u00e1 zhruba 360 denn\u00edm sazb\u00e1m<\/strong>. Tento p\u0159epo\u010det slou\u017e\u00ed pouze jako <strong>orientace<\/strong> a nen\u00ed <strong>\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pevn\u00e9 sch\u00e9ma<\/strong>. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u0159i nezaplacen\u00ed:<\/strong> Soud m\u016f\u017ee ulo\u017eit <strong>n\u00e1hradn\u00ed trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody<\/strong>. Zpravidla plat\u00ed: <strong>1 den n\u00e1hradn\u00edho trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody odpov\u00edd\u00e1 2 denn\u00edm sazb\u00e1m<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-hinweis\">Upozorn\u011bn\u00ed:<\/h4>\n\n<p>U <strong>loupe\u017ee podle <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=BundesnormenGesetzesnummer=10002296Artikel=Paragraf=143Anlage=Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 143 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a><\/strong> se <strong>pen\u011b\u017eit\u00fd trest nep\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1<\/strong>. Vzhledem k <strong>z\u00e1vazn\u00fdm minim\u00e1ln\u00edm trest\u016fm odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody<\/strong> se <strong>syst\u00e9m denn\u00edch sazeb nepou\u017eije<\/strong>. <strong>Pouh\u00fd pen\u011b\u017eit\u00fd trest je vylou\u010den<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-freiheitsstrafe-amp-teil-bedingte-nachsicht\">Trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody a (\u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b) podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 odlo\u017een\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00a7 37 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku: Pokud z\u00e1konn\u00e1 hrozba trestu sah\u00e1 <strong>a\u017e do p\u011bti let<\/strong>, m\u016f\u017ee soud nam\u00edsto kr\u00e1tk\u00e9ho trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody v trv\u00e1n\u00ed nejv\u00fd\u0161e jednoho roku ulo\u017eit <strong>pen\u011b\u017eit\u00fd trest<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p>Tato mo\u017enost <strong>neexistuje u loupe\u017ee podle <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=BundesnormenGesetzesnummer=10002296Artikel=Paragraf=143Anlage=Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 143 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a><\/strong>. Loupe\u017e je ve v\u0161ech variant\u00e1ch ohro\u017eena <strong>minim\u00e1ln\u00edmi tresty odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody v trv\u00e1n\u00ed alespo\u0148 jednoho roku<\/strong>, u t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch n\u00e1sledk\u016f \u010dinu dokonce v\u00fdrazn\u011b nad t\u00edm. T\u00edm je oblast p\u016fsobnosti \u00a7 37 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku <strong>od po\u010d\u00e1tku vylou\u010dena<\/strong>. Nahrazen\u00ed trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody pen\u011b\u017eit\u00fdm trestem <strong>pr\u00e1vn\u011b nep\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v \u00favahu<\/strong>.   <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00a7 43 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku: Od v\u00fdkonu trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody lze <strong>podm\u00edn\u011bn\u011b upustit<\/strong>, pokud <strong>nep\u0159esahuje dva roky<\/strong> a pachateli je d\u00e1na <strong>pozitivn\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed progn\u00f3za<\/strong>. U <strong>loupe\u017ee<\/strong> je tato mo\u017enost  <strong>mysliteln\u00e1 pouze teoreticky v nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed oblasti hrozby trestu podle \u00a7 143 odst. 1 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku <\/strong> V praxi je podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od v\u00fdkonu trestu poskytov\u00e1no <strong>mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b zdr\u017eenliv\u011b<\/strong>, proto\u017ee skutkov\u00e1 podstata ji\u017e p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 <strong>kvalifikovan\u00e9 n\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u011b<\/strong> nebo <strong>organizovan\u00e9 sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dinu<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p>U <strong>t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch n\u00e1sledk\u016f \u010dinu<\/strong> podle \u00a7 143 odst. 2 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku s minim\u00e1ln\u00edmi tresty od <strong>p\u011bti nebo deseti let<\/strong> je podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od v\u00fdkonu trestu <strong>pr\u00e1vn\u011b vylou\u010deno<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00a7 43a trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku: <strong>\u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od v\u00fdkonu trestu<\/strong> umo\u017e\u0148uje kombinaci <strong>nepodm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 a podm\u00edn\u011bn\u011b odlo\u017een\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti trestu<\/strong>. Je mo\u017en\u00e9 u trest\u016f <strong>nad \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f a do dvou let<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p>U loupe\u017ee p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed tato mo\u017enost v \u00favahu <strong>pouze ve vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech<\/strong> \u00a7 143 odst. 1 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku, pokud <strong>trest odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed vin\u011b \u010din\u00ed t\u011bsn\u011b nad \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f<\/strong>, nenastaly \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky \u010dinu a existuj\u00ed mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 okolnosti na stran\u011b pachatele. <\/p>\n\n<p>U v\u0161ech forem loupe\u017ee se <strong>zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm minim\u00e1ln\u00edm trestem odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody<\/strong> je \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od v\u00fdkonu trestu <strong>pravideln\u011b vylou\u010deno<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/trestni-pravo\/probace-a-pokyny\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7\u00a7 50 a\u017e 52 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku:<\/a> Soud m\u016f\u017ee ulo\u017eit <strong>opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong> a na\u0159\u00eddit <strong>proba\u010dn\u00ed dohled<\/strong>. Ty se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>z\u00e1kaz\u016f kontaktu nebo p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>tr\u00e9nink\u016f chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> nebo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>strukturuj\u00edc\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed k zamezen\u00ed recidivy<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>U loupe\u017ee p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed takov\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed v \u00favahu <strong>pouze dopl\u0148kov\u011b<\/strong> a <strong>v\u00fdhradn\u011b v r\u00e1mci (\u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b) podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od v\u00fdkonu trestu<\/strong>. Nemohou trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody <strong>nahradit<\/strong>, ale pouze doprov\u00e1zet. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-zustandigkeit-der-gerichte\">P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost soud\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sachliche-zustandigkeit\">V\u011bcn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost<\/h3>\n\n<p>U <strong>loupe\u017ee<\/strong> je <strong>v\u00fdhradn\u011b p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd krajsk\u00fd soud<\/strong>. <strong>Okresn\u00ed soud nep\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 konstelaci<\/strong> v \u00favahu. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-landesgericht-als-schoffengericht\">Krajsk\u00fd soud jako sen\u00e1t slo\u017een\u00fd ze soudc\u016f a p\u0159\u00edsed\u00edc\u00edch<\/h4>\n\n<p>Tato p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost je d\u00e1na, pokud loupe\u017e<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>za pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u011b<\/strong> nebo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>jako \u010dlen zlo\u010dinn\u00e9ho spol\u010den\u00ed za spolu\u00fa\u010dasti dal\u0161\u00edho \u010dlena<\/strong> nebo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>v d\u016fsledku pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed dojde k t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9mu zran\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong> ob\u011bti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>V t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech se jedn\u00e1 o <strong>kvalifikovan\u00e9, ale je\u0161t\u011b ne n\u00e1sledkem zost\u0159en\u00e9 formy sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>, u kter\u00fdch vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 protipr\u00e1vnost ze zp\u016fsobu sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed nebo intenzity zran\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-landesgericht-als-geschworenengericht\">Krajsk\u00fd soud jako porotn\u00ed soud<\/h4>\n\n<p>Tato p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost je d\u00e1na, pokud loupe\u017e<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>vede k t\u011blesn\u00fdm zran\u011bn\u00edm s t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdmi trval\u00fdmi n\u00e1sledky<\/strong> nebo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ke smrti \u010dlov\u011bka<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Zde nestoj\u00ed <strong>v pop\u0159ed\u00ed zp\u016fsob sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>, ale <strong>zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd n\u00e1sledek pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong>, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje rozhodnut\u00ed porotn\u00edho soudu.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-peter-harlander\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/ph100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Peter Harlander<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eSoudn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b z\u00e1konn\u00fdm \u0159\u00e1dem p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nosti. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed jsou trestn\u00ed sazba, m\u00edsto \u010dinu a procesn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost, nikoli subjektivn\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch stran nebo skute\u010dn\u00e1 slo\u017eitost skutkov\u00e9ho stavu. \u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ortliche-zustandigkeit\">M\u00edstn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost<\/h3>\n\n<p>M\u00edstn\u011b p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd je v z\u00e1sad\u011b soud <strong>v m\u00edst\u011b \u010dinu<\/strong>. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, <strong>kde bylo pou\u017eito n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo vyslovena v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017eka<\/strong> a <strong>kde do\u0161lo k odn\u011bt\u00ed majetku<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p>Nelze-li m\u00edsto \u010dinu jednozna\u010dn\u011b ur\u010dit, \u0159\u00edd\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost podle<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>bydli\u0161t\u011b obvin\u011bn\u00e9 osoby<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>m\u00edsta zat\u010den\u00ed<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nebo <strong>s\u00eddlo v\u011bcn\u011b p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho st\u00e1tn\u00edho zastupitelstv\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>\u0158\u00edzen\u00ed je vedeno tam, kde je nejl\u00e9pe zaru\u010deno <strong>\u00fa\u010deln\u00e9 a \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 proveden\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-instanzenzug\">Instan\u010dn\u00ed postup<\/h3>\n\n<p>Proti rozsudk\u016fm <strong>krajsk\u00e9ho soudu jako sen\u00e1tu slo\u017een\u00e9ho ze soudc\u016f a p\u0159\u00edsed\u00edc\u00edch nebo porotn\u00edho soudu<\/strong> je p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9 <strong>odvol\u00e1n\u00ed a st\u00ed\u017enost pro poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona<\/strong>. P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd k rozhodnut\u00ed o t\u011bchto opravn\u00fdch prost\u0159edc\u00edch je <strong>Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud<\/strong>, pokud jsou spln\u011bny z\u00e1konn\u00e9 p\u0159edpoklady. <\/p>\n\n<p>P\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed a usnesen\u00ed lze v r\u00e1mci z\u00e1konn\u00fdch ustanoven\u00ed p\u0159edlo\u017eit <strong>Vrchn\u00edmu zemsk\u00e9mu soudu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-zivilanspruche-im-strafverfahren\">Ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed n\u00e1roky v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>U <strong>loupe\u017ee<\/strong> m\u016f\u017ee po\u0161kozen\u00e1 osoba jako <strong>soukrom\u00fd \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk<\/strong> uplatnit sv\u00e9 <strong>n\u00e1roky podle ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va p\u0159\u00edmo v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/strong>. Proto\u017ee se loupe\u017e rovn\u011b\u017e t\u00fdk\u00e1 <strong>neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho odn\u011bt\u00ed ciz\u00ed movit\u00e9 v\u011bci<\/strong> za pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo kvalifikovan\u00e9 v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017eky, zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed se n\u00e1roky zejm\u00e9na na <strong>hodnotu v\u011bci<\/strong>, <strong>n\u00e1klady na op\u011btovn\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>v\u00fdpadek u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>u\u0161l\u00fd u\u017eitek<\/strong> a na <strong>dal\u0161\u00ed majetkov\u00e9 \u0161kody<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 vznikly v d\u016fsledku \u010dinu. <\/p>\n\n<p>Krom\u011b toho lze po\u017eadovat n\u00e1hradu <strong>n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch \u0161kod<\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad pokud je odn\u011bt\u00ed majetku spojeno s <strong>t\u011blesn\u00fdmi zran\u011bn\u00edmi<\/strong>, <strong>n\u00e1klady na l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 o\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>u\u0161l\u00fdm ziskem<\/strong> nebo jin\u00fdmi <strong>bezprost\u0159edn\u00edmi n\u00e1sledky \u010dinu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159ipojen\u00ed soukrom\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edka<\/strong> stav\u00ed <strong>proml\u010den\u00ed<\/strong> uplatn\u011bn\u00fdch n\u00e1rok\u016f, dokud trestn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed trv\u00e1. Po pr\u00e1vn\u00ed moci rozsudku b\u011b\u017e\u00ed proml\u010den\u00ed pouze v rozsahu, v jak\u00e9m n\u00e1roky nebyly p\u0159izn\u00e1ny. <\/p>\n\n<p>Dobrovoln\u00e1 <strong>n\u00e1prava \u0161kody<\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad <strong>vr\u00e1cen\u00ed v\u011bci<\/strong> nebo <strong>n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody<\/strong>, m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt poleh\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek, pokud je <strong>v\u010dasn\u00e1 a seri\u00f3zn\u00ed<\/strong>. U z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 loupe\u017ee je v\u0161ak tento zm\u00edr\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek <strong>siln\u011b omezen\u00fd<\/strong>, proto\u017ee t\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b protipr\u00e1vnosti spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v <strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed proti osob\u011b<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p>Pokud pachatel jednal <strong>c\u00edlen\u011b, se zv\u00fd\u0161enou m\u00edrou n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo za zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed<\/strong>, ztr\u00e1c\u00ed n\u00e1sledn\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody zpravidla podstatnou \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9ho zm\u00edr\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edho v\u00fdznamu.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eN\u00e1roky soukrom\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f mus\u00ed b\u00fdt jasn\u011b vy\u010d\u00edsleny a dolo\u017eeny. Bez \u010dist\u00e9 dokumentace \u0161kody z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1rok na n\u00e1hradu v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \u010dasto ne\u00fapln\u00fd a p\u0159esouv\u00e1 se do civiln\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. \u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si po\u017eadovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strafverfahren-im-uberblick\">P\u0159ehled trestn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ermittlungsbeginn\">Zah\u00e1jen\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n<p>Trestn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed podez\u0159en\u00ed, od kter\u00e9ho je osoba pova\u017eov\u00e1na za obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho a m\u016f\u017ee uplat\u0148ovat ve\u0161ker\u00e1 pr\u00e1va obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho. Proto\u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o <strong>\u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed delikt<\/strong>, policie a st\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed zahajuj\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed <strong>z \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed povinnosti<\/strong>, jakmile existuje odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed podez\u0159en\u00ed. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00e9ho k tomu nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-polizei-und-staatsanwaltschaft\">Policie a st\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n<p>St\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed vede vy\u0161et\u0159ovac\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a ur\u010duje dal\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bh. Krimin\u00e1ln\u00ed policie prov\u00e1d\u00ed nezbytn\u00e1 \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, zaji\u0161\u0165uje stopy, shroma\u017e\u010fuje v\u00fdpov\u011bdi sv\u011bdk\u016f a dokumentuje \u0161kodu. Na konci rozhoduje st\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed o <strong>zastaven\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>odklonu<\/strong> nebo <strong>ob\u017ealob\u011b<\/strong>, v z\u00e1vislosti na m\u00ed\u0159e zavin\u011bn\u00ed, v\u00fd\u0161i \u0161kody a d\u016fkazn\u00ed situaci.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-beschuldigtenvernehmung\">V\u00fdslech obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho<\/h3>\n\n<p>P\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm v\u00fdslechem obdr\u017e\u00ed obvin\u011bn\u00e1 osoba \u00fapln\u00e9 pou\u010den\u00ed o sv\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech, zejm\u00e9na o <strong>pr\u00e1vu nevypov\u00eddat<\/strong> a o <strong>pr\u00e1vu na p\u0159\u00edtomnost obh\u00e1jce<\/strong>. Pokud obvin\u011bn\u00fd po\u017eaduje obh\u00e1jce, je nutn\u00e9 v\u00fdslech odlo\u017eit. Form\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdslech obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho slou\u017e\u00ed ke konfrontaci s obvin\u011bn\u00edm a k poskytnut\u00ed mo\u017enosti vyj\u00e1d\u0159it se.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-akteneinsicht\">Nahl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed do spisu<\/h3>\n\n<p>Nahl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed do spisu je mo\u017en\u00e9 u policie, st\u00e1tn\u00edho zastupitelstv\u00ed nebo soudu. Zahrnuje i d\u016fkazn\u00ed prost\u0159edky, pokud t\u00edm nen\u00ed ohro\u017een \u00fa\u010del vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159ipojen\u00ed soukrom\u00e9 strany se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed obecn\u00fdmi pravidly trestn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du a umo\u017e\u0148uje po\u0161kozen\u00e9mu uplatnit n\u00e1roky na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody p\u0159\u00edmo v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-hauptverhandlung\">Hlavn\u00ed l\u00ed\u010den\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed l\u00ed\u010den\u00ed slou\u017e\u00ed k \u00fastn\u00edmu dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed, pr\u00e1vn\u00edmu posouzen\u00ed a rozhodnut\u00ed o p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdch civiln\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00edch n\u00e1roc\u00edch. Soud p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1v\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na pr\u016fb\u011bh \u010dinu, \u00famysl, v\u00fd\u0161i \u0161kody a v\u011brohodnost v\u00fdpov\u011bd\u00ed. \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed kon\u010d\u00ed odsouzen\u00edm, zpro\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm ob\u017ealoby nebo odklonem.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-beschuldigtenrechte\">Pr\u00e1va obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Informace  obhajoba:<\/strong> Pr\u00e1vo na srozum\u011bn\u00ed, pr\u00e1vn\u00ed pomoc, svobodn\u00e1 volba obh\u00e1jce, pomoc s p\u0159ekladem, n\u00e1vrhy na proveden\u00ed d\u016fkaz\u016f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ml\u010den\u00ed  advok\u00e1t:<\/strong> Pr\u00e1vo ml\u010det kdykoli; p\u0159i p\u0159ibr\u00e1n\u00ed obh\u00e1jce je t\u0159eba v\u00fdslech odlo\u017eit.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Povinnost pou\u010dit:<\/strong> v\u010dasn\u00e9 informace o podez\u0159en\u00ed\/pr\u00e1vech; v\u00fdjimky pouze k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u00fa\u010delu vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nahl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed do spisu v praxi:<\/strong> Vy\u0161et\u0159ovac\u00ed a hlavn\u00ed spisy; nahl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed t\u0159et\u00edch osob omezeno ve prosp\u011bch obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eSpr\u00e1vn\u00e9 kroky v prvn\u00edch 48 hodin\u00e1ch \u010dasto rozhoduj\u00ed o tom, zda se \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vyhrot\u00ed, nebo z\u016fstane pod kontrolou.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si po\u017eadovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-praxis-amp-verhaltenstipps\">Praxe a tipy pro chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Zachovat ml\u010den\u00ed.<\/strong><br\/>Sta\u010d\u00ed kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed: \u201eVyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1m sv\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va nevypov\u00eddat a nejprve se porad\u00edm se svou obhajobou.\u201c Toto pr\u00e1vo plat\u00ed ji\u017e od prvn\u00edho v\u00fdslechu polici\u00ed nebo st\u00e1tn\u00edm zastupitelstv\u00edm. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Neprodlen\u011b kontaktujte obhajobu.<\/strong><br\/>Bez nahl\u00e9dnut\u00ed do vy\u0161et\u0159ovac\u00edch spis\u016f by nem\u011blo b\u00fdt u\u010din\u011bno \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed. Teprve po nahl\u00e9dnut\u00ed do spisu m\u016f\u017ee obhajoba posoudit, jak\u00e1 strategie a jak\u00e9 zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed d\u016fkaz\u016f jsou smyslupln\u00e9. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>D\u016fkazy okam\u017eit\u011b zajist\u011bte.<\/strong><br\/>Ve\u0161ker\u00e9 dostupn\u00e9 podklady, zpr\u00e1vy, fotografie, videa a jin\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy byste si m\u011bli co nejd\u0159\u00edve zajistit a uchovat v kopii. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed data je t\u0159eba pravideln\u011b z\u00e1lohovat a chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed dodate\u010dn\u00fdmi zm\u011bnami. Poznamenejte si d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 osoby jako mo\u017en\u00e9 sv\u011bdky a pr\u016fb\u011bh ud\u00e1lost\u00ed si v\u010das zaznamenejte do protokolu o pam\u011bti.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nenavazujte kontakt s protistranou.<\/strong><br\/>Va\u0161e vlastn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy, hovory nebo p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky mohou b\u00fdt pou\u017eity jako d\u016fkaz proti v\u00e1m. Ve\u0161ker\u00e1 komunikace by m\u011bla prob\u00edhat v\u00fdhradn\u011b prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm obhajoby. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Zajist\u011bte v\u010das video a datov\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy.<\/strong><br\/>Monitorovac\u00ed videa ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 doprav\u011b, v restaurac\u00edch nebo od spr\u00e1vc\u016f budov jsou \u010dasto po n\u011bkolika dnech automaticky smaz\u00e1na. \u017d\u00e1dosti o zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dat je proto nutn\u00e9 okam\u017eit\u011b podat provozovateli, policii nebo st\u00e1tn\u00edmu zastupitelstv\u00ed. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Prohl\u00eddky a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dokumentujte.<\/strong><br\/>P\u0159i domovn\u00edch prohl\u00eddk\u00e1ch nebo zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed byste si m\u011bli vy\u017e\u00e1dat kopii na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo z\u00e1pisu. Poznamenejte si datum, \u010das, z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 osoby a v\u0161echny odnesen\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u0159i zat\u010den\u00ed: \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00fdpov\u011bdi k v\u011bci.<\/strong><br\/>Trvejte na okam\u017eit\u00e9m uv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed va\u0161\u00ed obhajoby. Vazba sm\u00ed b\u00fdt ulo\u017eena pouze p\u0159i d\u016fvodn\u00e9m podez\u0159en\u00ed ze sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu a dal\u0161\u00edm vazebn\u00edm d\u016fvodu. M\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prost\u0159edky (nap\u0159. slib, ohla\u0161ovac\u00ed povinnost, z\u00e1kaz kontaktu) maj\u00ed p\u0159ednost.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>N\u00e1pravu c\u00edlen\u011b p\u0159ipravte.<\/strong><br\/>Platby, symbolick\u00e9 v\u00fdkony, omluvy nebo jin\u00e9 nab\u00eddky vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed by m\u011bly b\u00fdt vy\u0159izov\u00e1ny a dokl\u00e1d\u00e1ny v\u00fdhradn\u011b prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm obhajoby. Strukturovan\u00e1 n\u00e1prava se m\u016f\u017ee pozitivn\u011b projevit na odklonu a stanoven\u00ed trestu. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-peter-harlander\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/ph100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Peter Harlander\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Peter Harlander<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201eKdo jedn\u00e1 uv\u00e1\u017eliv\u011b, zajist\u00ed d\u016fkazy a v\u010das vyhled\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed pomoc, zachov\u00e1 si kontrolu nad \u0159\u00edzen\u00edm.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ihre-vorteile-mit-anwaltlicher-unterstutzung\">Va\u0161e v\u00fdhody s pr\u00e1vn\u00ed podporou<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e1 loupe\u017e podle <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=BundesnormenGesetzesnummer=10002296Artikel=Paragraf=143Anlage=Uebergangsrecht=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 143 StGB<\/a><\/strong> p\u0159edstavuje obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b z\u00e1va\u017enou kvalifikaci loupe\u017ee a vy\u017eaduje <strong>kvalifikovan\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>organizovan\u00e9 sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dinu<\/strong> nebo <strong>z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky \u010dinu<\/strong>. Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed posouzen\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u011b na <strong>konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dinu<\/strong>, na <strong>\u00famyslu<\/strong>, na <strong>\u00fadajn\u00fdch kvalifika\u010dn\u00edch znac\u00edch<\/strong> a na <strong>d\u016fkazn\u00ed situaci<\/strong>. Ji\u017e <strong>mal\u00e9 odchylky ve skutkov\u00e9m stavu<\/strong> mohou rozhodnout o tom, zda se skute\u010dn\u011b jedn\u00e1 o z\u00e1va\u017enou loupe\u017e, nebo zda je nutn\u00e9 jin\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed posouzen\u00ed.  <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>V\u010dasn\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed pomoc advok\u00e1ta<\/strong> zajist\u00ed, \u017ee skutkov\u00fd stav bude <strong>p\u0159esn\u011b za\u0159azen<\/strong>, <strong>obvin\u011bn\u00ed z n\u00e1sil\u00ed a kvalifikace budou kriticky zpochybn\u011bny<\/strong> a <strong>poleh\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti<\/strong> budou pr\u00e1vn\u011b vyu\u017eiteln\u011b zpracov\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Na\u0161e advok\u00e1tn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>zkoum\u00e1, zda jsou <strong>p\u0159edpoklady z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 loupe\u017ee<\/strong> skute\u010dn\u011b spln\u011bny, nebo zda p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v \u00favahu <strong>odli\u0161en\u00ed od prost\u00e9 loupe\u017ee nebo jin\u00fdch delikt\u016f<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>analyzuje <strong>d\u016fkazn\u00ed situaci<\/strong>, zejm\u00e9na k <strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>n\u00e1sledk\u016fm \u010dinu<\/strong> a <strong>form\u00e1m \u00fa\u010dasti<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vyv\u00edj\u00ed <strong>jasnou a realistickou strategii obhajoby<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 skutkov\u00fd stav kompletn\u011b, strukturovan\u011b a pr\u00e1vn\u011b p\u0159esn\u011b za\u0159ad\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Jako <strong>na trestn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo specializovan\u00e9 zastoupen\u00ed<\/strong> zajist\u00edme, aby bylo <strong>obvin\u011bn\u00ed ze z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 loupe\u017ee<\/strong> pe\u010dliv\u011b p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1no a aby \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed prob\u00edhalo na <strong>nosn\u00e9m skutkov\u00e9m z\u00e1klad\u011b<\/strong>, aby se <strong>pr\u00e1vn\u00ed a osobn\u00ed d\u016fsledky<\/strong> pro dot\u010denou osobu minimalizovaly.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"mr-quote mrbg clearfix\">\n        <a class=\"mr-quote-person\" href=\"\/ueber-uns\/rechtsanwalt-sebastian-riedlmair\/\" title=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mr-quote-person-img\" src=\"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/themes\/harlander\/design\/sr100.webp\" width=\"100\"\n                 height=\"100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Rechtsanwalt Sebastian Riedlmair\">\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-text\">\n            Sebastian Riedlmair<br>\n            <span class=\"mr-quote-person-function\">Harlander &amp; Partner Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <\/a>\n        <span class=\"mr-quote-content\">\u201ePr\u00e1vn\u00ed podpora znamen\u00e1 jasn\u011b odd\u011blit skute\u010dn\u00e9 d\u011bn\u00ed od hodnocen\u00ed a z toho vyvinout zat\u00ed\u017eitelnou strategii obhajoby.\u201c<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si po\u017eadovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace<\/span><\/a>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-faq-haufig-gestellte-fragen\">FAQ \u2013 \u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq uagb-faq__outer-wrap uagb-block-FAQ-Schwerer-Raub uagb-faq-icon-row uagb-faq-layout-accordion uagb-faq-expand-first-true uagb-faq-inactive-other-true uagb-faq__wrap uagb-buttons-layout-wrap uagb-faq-equal-height     \" data-faqtoggle=\"true\" role=\"tablist\"><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/harlander-partner.eu\\\/cs\\\/trestni-pravo\\\/tezka-loupez\\\/\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Kdy se jedn\\u00e1 o z\\u00e1va\\u017enou loupe\\u017e podle \\u00a7 143 StGB?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"O z\\u00e1va\\u017enou loupe\\u017e se jedn\\u00e1, pokud jsou spln\\u011bny p\\u0159edpoklady loupe\\u017ee podle \\u00a7 142 StGB a nav\\u00edc se p\\u0159id\\u00e1 kvalifikuj\\u00edc\\u00ed okolnost. To plat\\u00ed zejm\\u00e9na tehdy, pokud pachatel p\\u0159i \\u010dinu pou\\u017eije zbra\\u0148 nebo jedn\\u00e1 jako \\u010dlen zlo\\u010dinn\\u00e9ho spol\\u010den\\u00ed za \\u00fa\\u010dasti dal\\u0161\\u00edho \\u010dlena. Krom\\u011b toho se jedn\\u00e1 o kvalifikaci, pokud pou\\u017eit\\u00ed n\\u00e1sil\\u00ed vede k z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00fdm n\\u00e1sledk\\u016fm zran\\u011bn\\u00ed. Rozhoduj\\u00edc\\u00ed je proto v\\u017edy kombinace majetkov\\u00e9ho \\u00fabytku a zv\\u00fd\\u0161en\\u00e9 nebezpe\\u010dnosti nebo z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00fdch n\\u00e1sledk\\u016f \\u010dinu.   \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Sta\\u010d\\u00ed pro z\\u00e1va\\u017enou loupe\\u017e, pokud je v\\u011bc jen kr\\u00e1tce v ruce pachatele?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Ano, i u z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 loupe\\u017ee posta\\u010d\\u00ed ji\\u017e kr\\u00e1tkodob\\u00e1 faktick\\u00e1 moc nad v\\u011bc\\u00ed. Pachatel mus\\u00ed opr\\u00e1vn\\u011bn\\u00e9mu odejmout moc nad v\\u011bc\\u00ed a s\\u00e1m zalo\\u017eit novou moc nad v\\u011bc\\u00ed, i kdy\\u017e se to poda\\u0159\\u00ed jen na kr\\u00e1tkou dobu. Trval\\u00fd zisk, pozd\\u011bj\\u0161\\u00ed zhodnocen\\u00ed nebo hospod\\u00e1\\u0159sk\\u00fd u\\u017eitek nejsou nutn\\u00e9. Rozhoduj\\u00edc\\u00ed je, \\u017ee odejmut\\u00ed nebo vynucen\\u00ed prob\\u011bhne n\\u00e1sil\\u00edm nebo kvalifikovanou v\\u00fdhr\\u016f\\u017ekou.   \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Co znamen\\u00e1 pou\\u017eit\\u00ed zbran\\u011b ve smyslu \\u00a7 143 StGB?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Pou\\u017eit\\u00ed zbran\\u011b znamen\\u00e1, \\u017ee pachatel zbra\\u0148 funk\\u010dn\\u011b pou\\u017eije v pr\\u016fb\\u011bhu \\u010dinu, aby uplatnil n\\u00e1sil\\u00ed nebo vyhro\\u017eoval bezprost\\u0159edn\\u00edm nebezpe\\u010d\\u00edm pro t\\u011blo nebo \\u017eivot. Nesta\\u010d\\u00ed, aby byl p\\u0159edm\\u011bt pouze no\\u0161en s sebou, pokud v pr\\u016fb\\u011bhu nehraje \\u017e\\u00e1dnou roli. Rozhoduj\\u00edc\\u00ed je, zda pou\\u017eit\\u00ed zvy\\u0161uje n\\u00e1tlakov\\u00fd \\u00fa\\u010dinek a ob\\u011b\\u0165 je t\\u00edm v\\u00edce ohro\\u017eena nebo zastra\\u0161ena. Konkr\\u00e9tn\\u00ed pou\\u017eit\\u00ed a jeho prokazatelnost jsou v praxi \\u010dasto j\\u00e1drem \\u0159\\u00edzen\\u00ed.   \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Jakou roli hraj\\u00ed z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e1 zran\\u011bn\\u00ed pro kvalifikaci podle \\u00a7 143 StGB?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e1 zran\\u011bn\\u00ed mohou zalo\\u017eit kvalifikaci, pokud jsou kauz\\u00e1ln\\u011b zp\\u016fsobeny pou\\u017eit\\u00edm n\\u00e1sil\\u00ed v r\\u00e1mci loupe\\u017ee. Pak ji\\u017e nen\\u00ed v pop\\u0159ed\\u00ed pouze zp\\u016fsob sp\\u00e1ch\\u00e1n\\u00ed, ale i nastal\\u00fd z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00fd n\\u00e1sledek. Pachatel mus\\u00ed odejmut\\u00ed nebo vynucen\\u00ed sp\\u00e1chat \\u00famysln\\u011b, zat\\u00edmco z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00fd n\\u00e1sledek nemus\\u00ed b\\u00fdt nutn\\u011b zp\\u016fsoben \\u00famysln\\u011b. Rozhoduj\\u00edc\\u00ed je, \\u017ee n\\u00e1sledek je objektivn\\u011b p\\u0159i\\u010ditateln\\u00fd a realizuje se pr\\u00e1v\\u011b loupe\\u017en\\u011b specifick\\u00e9 riziko n\\u00e1sil\\u00ed.   \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Je u z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 loupe\\u017ee mo\\u017en\\u00e1 diverze?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"U z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 loupe\\u017ee je diversion\\u00e1ln\\u00ed vy\\u0159\\u00edzen\\u00ed prakticky vylou\\u010deno, proto\\u017ee skutkov\\u00e1 podstata ji\\u017e p\\u0159edpokl\\u00e1d\\u00e1 kvalifikovan\\u00e9 n\\u00e1sil\\u00ed, pou\\u017eit\\u00ed zbran\\u00ed, organizovan\\u00e9 sp\\u00e1ch\\u00e1n\\u00ed nebo z\\u00e1va\\u017en\\u00e9 n\\u00e1sledky \\u010dinu. T\\u00edmto zp\\u016fsobem nelze vinu a n\\u00e1sledky \\u010dinu klasifikovat jako mal\\u00e9, co\\u017e pravideln\\u011b br\\u00e1n\\u00ed diverzi. Ani dozn\\u00e1n\\u00ed nebo n\\u00e1prava \\u0161kody na tom v\\u011bt\\u0161inou nic nem\\u011bn\\u00ed, proto\\u017ee t\\u011b\\u017ei\\u0161t\\u011b protipr\\u00e1vnosti spo\\u010d\\u00edv\\u00e1 v n\\u00e1siln\\u00e9 slo\\u017ece. Zpravidla vede obvin\\u011bn\\u00ed proto k form\\u00e1ln\\u00edmu trestn\\u00edmu \\u0159\\u00edzen\\u00ed s hlavn\\u00edm l\\u00ed\\u010den\\u00edm.   \"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"V \\u010dem spo\\u010d\\u00edv\\u00e1 nejd\\u016fle\\u017eit\\u011bj\\u0161\\u00ed rozd\\u00edl mezi loupe\\u017e\\u00ed a loupe\\u017enou kr\\u00e1de\\u017e\\u00ed?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Rozhoduj\\u00edc\\u00ed rozd\\u00edl spo\\u010d\\u00edv\\u00e1 v okam\\u017eiku pou\\u017eit\\u00ed n\\u00e1sil\\u00ed. U loupe\\u017ee pou\\u017eije pachatel n\\u00e1sil\\u00ed nebo kvalifikovanou v\\u00fdhr\\u016f\\u017eku, aby v\\u011bc v\\u016fbec z\\u00edskal. U loupe\\u017en\\u00e9 kr\\u00e1de\\u017ee prob\\u011bhne nejprve odejmut\\u00ed bez n\\u00e1sil\\u00ed, a teprve pot\\u00e9 pachatel pou\\u017eije n\\u00e1sil\\u00ed nebo vyhro\\u017euje, aby si zajistil ko\\u0159ist nebo umo\\u017enil \\u00fat\\u011bk. Toto odli\\u0161en\\u00ed je z\\u00e1sadn\\u00ed, proto\\u017ee rozhoduje o kvalifikaci, trestn\\u00ed sazb\\u011b a \\u010dasto i o soudn\\u00ed p\\u0159\\u00edslu\\u0161nosti. Proto je \\u010dasov\\u00fd pr\\u016fb\\u011bh v \\u0159\\u00edzen\\u00ed obzvl\\u00e1\\u0161t\\u011b pe\\u010dliv\\u011b zkoum\\u00e1n.    \"}}]}<\/script><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-Schwerer-Raub-Q1 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Kdy se jedn\u00e1 o z\u00e1va\u017enou loupe\u017e podle \u00a7 143 StGB?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>O z\u00e1va\u017enou loupe\u017e se jedn\u00e1, pokud jsou spln\u011bny p\u0159edpoklady loupe\u017ee podle \u00a7 142 StGB a nav\u00edc se p\u0159id\u00e1 kvalifikuj\u00edc\u00ed okolnost. To plat\u00ed zejm\u00e9na tehdy, pokud pachatel p\u0159i \u010dinu pou\u017eije zbra\u0148 nebo jedn\u00e1 jako \u010dlen zlo\u010dinn\u00e9ho spol\u010den\u00ed za \u00fa\u010dasti dal\u0161\u00edho \u010dlena. Krom\u011b toho se jedn\u00e1 o kvalifikaci, pokud pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed vede k z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm n\u00e1sledk\u016fm zran\u011bn\u00ed. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je proto v\u017edy kombinace majetkov\u00e9ho \u00fabytku a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 nebezpe\u010dnosti nebo z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch n\u00e1sledk\u016f \u010dinu.   <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-Schwerer-Raub-Q2 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Sta\u010d\u00ed pro z\u00e1va\u017enou loupe\u017e, pokud je v\u011bc jen kr\u00e1tce v ruce pachatele?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Ano, i u z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 loupe\u017ee posta\u010d\u00ed ji\u017e kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 faktick\u00e1 moc nad v\u011bc\u00ed. Pachatel mus\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu odejmout moc nad v\u011bc\u00ed a s\u00e1m zalo\u017eit novou moc nad v\u011bc\u00ed, i kdy\u017e se to poda\u0159\u00ed jen na kr\u00e1tkou dobu. Trval\u00fd zisk, pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zhodnocen\u00ed nebo hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd u\u017eitek nejsou nutn\u00e9. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, \u017ee odejmut\u00ed nebo vynucen\u00ed prob\u011bhne n\u00e1sil\u00edm nebo kvalifikovanou v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017ekou.   <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-Schwerer-Raub-Q3 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Co znamen\u00e1 pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u011b ve smyslu \u00a7 143 StGB?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u011b znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pachatel zbra\u0148 funk\u010dn\u011b pou\u017eije v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dinu, aby uplatnil n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo vyhro\u017eoval bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm pro t\u011blo nebo \u017eivot. Nesta\u010d\u00ed, aby byl p\u0159edm\u011bt pouze no\u0161en s sebou, pokud v pr\u016fb\u011bhu nehraje \u017e\u00e1dnou roli. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, zda pou\u017eit\u00ed zvy\u0161uje n\u00e1tlakov\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek a ob\u011b\u0165 je t\u00edm v\u00edce ohro\u017eena nebo zastra\u0161ena. Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed a jeho prokazatelnost jsou v praxi \u010dasto j\u00e1drem \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.   <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-Schwerer-Raub-Q4 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Jakou roli hraj\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e1 zran\u011bn\u00ed pro kvalifikaci podle \u00a7 143 StGB?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e1 zran\u011bn\u00ed mohou zalo\u017eit kvalifikaci, pokud jsou kauz\u00e1ln\u011b zp\u016fsobeny pou\u017eit\u00edm n\u00e1sil\u00ed v r\u00e1mci loupe\u017ee. Pak ji\u017e nen\u00ed v pop\u0159ed\u00ed pouze zp\u016fsob sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed, ale i nastal\u00fd z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1sledek. Pachatel mus\u00ed odejmut\u00ed nebo vynucen\u00ed sp\u00e1chat \u00famysln\u011b, zat\u00edmco z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1sledek nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt nutn\u011b zp\u016fsoben \u00famysln\u011b. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, \u017ee n\u00e1sledek je objektivn\u011b p\u0159i\u010ditateln\u00fd a realizuje se pr\u00e1v\u011b loupe\u017en\u011b specifick\u00e9 riziko n\u00e1sil\u00ed.   <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-Schwerer-Raub-Q6 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">Je u z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 loupe\u017ee mo\u017en\u00e1 diverze?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>U z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 loupe\u017ee je diversion\u00e1ln\u00ed vy\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed prakticky vylou\u010deno, proto\u017ee skutkov\u00e1 podstata ji\u017e p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 kvalifikovan\u00e9 n\u00e1sil\u00ed, pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u00ed, organizovan\u00e9 sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed nebo z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky \u010dinu. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem nelze vinu a n\u00e1sledky \u010dinu klasifikovat jako mal\u00e9, co\u017e pravideln\u011b br\u00e1n\u00ed diverzi. Ani dozn\u00e1n\u00ed nebo n\u00e1prava \u0161kody na tom v\u011bt\u0161inou nic nem\u011bn\u00ed, proto\u017ee t\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b protipr\u00e1vnosti spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v n\u00e1siln\u00e9 slo\u017ece. Zpravidla vede obvin\u011bn\u00ed proto k form\u00e1ln\u00edmu trestn\u00edmu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s hlavn\u00edm l\u00ed\u010den\u00edm.   <\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-uagb-faq-child uagb-faq-child__outer-wrap uagb-faq-item uagb-block-Schwerer-Raub-Q7 \" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"uagb-faq-questions-button uagb-faq-questions\">\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M432 256c0 17.69-14.33 32.01-32 32.01H256v144c0 17.69-14.33 31.99-32 31.99s-32-14.3-32-31.99v-144H48c-17.67 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.33-31.99 32-31.99H192v-144c0-17.69 14.33-32.01 32-32.01s32 14.32 32 32.01v144h144C417.7 224 432 238.3 432 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-icon-active uagb-faq-icon-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 288h-352c-17.69 0-32-14.32-32-32.01s14.31-31.99 32-31.99h352c17.69 0 32 14.3 32 31.99S417.7 288 400 288z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"uagb-question\">V \u010dem spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi loupe\u017e\u00ed a loupe\u017enou kr\u00e1de\u017e\u00ed?<\/span><\/div><div class=\"uagb-faq-content\"><p>Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed rozd\u00edl spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v okam\u017eiku pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed. U loupe\u017ee pou\u017eije pachatel n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo kvalifikovanou v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017eku, aby v\u011bc v\u016fbec z\u00edskal. U loupe\u017en\u00e9 kr\u00e1de\u017ee prob\u011bhne nejprve odejmut\u00ed bez n\u00e1sil\u00ed, a teprve pot\u00e9 pachatel pou\u017eije n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo vyhro\u017euje, aby si zajistil ko\u0159ist nebo umo\u017enil \u00fat\u011bk. Toto odli\u0161en\u00ed je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, proto\u017ee rozhoduje o kvalifikaci, trestn\u00ed sazb\u011b a \u010dasto i o soudn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nosti. Proto je \u010dasov\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh v \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pe\u010dliv\u011b zkoum\u00e1n.    <\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><a class=\"mr-cta-link mr-cta-button-cal\" href=\"#h2-booking\" title=\"Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace\"><span class=\"mr-cta-link-normal\">Vyberte si po\u017eadovan\u00fd term\u00edn:<\/span><span class=\"mr-cta-link-bold\">Bezplatn\u00e1 \u00favodn\u00ed konzultace<\/span><\/a>\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 loupe\u017e Podle \u00a7 143 StGB se t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 loupe\u017ee dopust\u00ed ten, kdo z\u00e1kladn\u00ed skutkovou podstatu loupe\u017ee podle \u00a7 142 StGB kvalifikuje zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi okolnostmi. To plat\u00ed zejm\u00e9na tehdy, pokud se &#8230;","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":99549,"parent":38205,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[575],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-101525","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-trestni-pravo"],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7143-Schwerer-Raub.webp",1920,1080,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7143-Schwerer-Raub-100x100.webp",100,100,true],"medium":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7143-Schwerer-Raub-800x450.webp",800,450,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7143-Schwerer-Raub.webp",1920,1080,false],"large":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7143-Schwerer-Raub.webp",1920,1080,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7143-Schwerer-Raub.webp",1536,864,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7143-Schwerer-Raub.webp",1920,1080,false],"336x":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7143-Schwerer-Raub-336x189.webp",336,189,true],"352x":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7143-Schwerer-Raub-352x198.webp",352,198,true],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7143-Schwerer-Raub-300x300.webp",300,300,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7143-Schwerer-Raub-600x338.webp",600,338,true],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7143-Schwerer-Raub-100x100.webp",100,100,true],"yarpp-thumbnail":["https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u00a7143-Schwerer-Raub-120x120.webp",120,120,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Simon Prem","author_link":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/author\/simon-prem\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 loupe\u017e Podle \u00a7 143 StGB se t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 loupe\u017ee dopust\u00ed ten, kdo z\u00e1kladn\u00ed skutkovou podstatu loupe\u017ee podle \u00a7 142 StGB kvalifikuje zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi okolnostmi. To plat\u00ed zejm\u00e9na tehdy, pokud se ...","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/101525","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101525"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/101525\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/38205"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99549"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101525"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=101525"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harlander-partner.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}